本文關(guān)鍵詞： 齒環(huán)驅(qū)動(dòng) 雙驢頭抽油機(jī) 懸點(diǎn)載荷分析 有限元仿真 動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：最近幾年國際油價(jià)的低迷,國內(nèi)油田采油難度也在不斷增大,降低成本已是各個(gè)油田采取的首要選擇。常規(guī)游梁抽油機(jī)已經(jīng)不能滿足現(xiàn)實(shí)的要求,研發(fā)新型抽油機(jī)已是石油相關(guān)企業(yè)現(xiàn)在主攻的方向。從抽油機(jī)的出現(xiàn),發(fā)展到今天,可以看出抽油機(jī)的進(jìn)化規(guī)律:抽油機(jī)朝著長沖程,節(jié)能高效,適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等方面發(fā)展。齒環(huán)驅(qū)動(dòng)型抽油機(jī)已在各個(gè)油田廣泛使用,它以能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)長沖程,節(jié)能高效而得到認(rèn)可,它具有傳動(dòng)效率高,良好的使用經(jīng)濟(jì)性。本論文設(shè)計(jì)和分析了一種新型齒環(huán)驅(qū)動(dòng)雙驢頭抽油機(jī),該抽油機(jī)是基于常規(guī)游梁抽油機(jī)基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)而成的,以常規(guī)游梁抽油機(jī)的游梁機(jī)架中心軸為中心,在游梁的后端加一后驢頭,使前后驢頭的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡重合,后驢頭通過鋼絲繩與平衡重連接,齒環(huán)換向機(jī)構(gòu)驅(qū)動(dòng)平衡重結(jié)構(gòu)能夠上下往返運(yùn)動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)抽油動(dòng)作。本論文研究的主要內(nèi)容包含有以下幾章:第一,首先,調(diào)研了國內(nèi)外抽油機(jī)的主要機(jī)型,著重分析了雙驢頭抽油機(jī)和齒環(huán)驅(qū)動(dòng)抽油機(jī)的發(fā)展背景以及結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn);其次,結(jié)合分析內(nèi)容,提出了本文涉及的新型抽油機(jī)設(shè)想;最后,列出了本論文的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容和技術(shù)路線。第二,根據(jù)提出的設(shè)想,提出了兩種不同的結(jié)構(gòu)方案,通過對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性和抽油機(jī)制造的經(jīng)濟(jì)性對(duì)比分析,最終確定了本論文設(shè)計(jì)的最終結(jié)構(gòu)方案。第三,首先,根據(jù)抽油井及管桿柱參數(shù),計(jì)算抽油機(jī)的懸點(diǎn)載荷。通過分析抽油機(jī)的懸點(diǎn)靜載荷、動(dòng)載荷、摩擦載荷,得出設(shè)計(jì)抽油機(jī)所需要的負(fù)載。其次,根據(jù)負(fù)載,設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算抽油機(jī)的零部件,包括電機(jī)、減速機(jī)的選型,齒輪齒環(huán)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,導(dǎo)向輪的計(jì)算,平衡重—換向結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì),游梁機(jī)架、平衡重機(jī)架的設(shè)計(jì),潤滑系統(tǒng)、剎車系統(tǒng)的選擇等。最后,通過三維軟件SolidWorks創(chuàng)建零部件三維模型和裝配體,為接下來的仿真分析做準(zhǔn)備。第四,根據(jù)前面的模型建立,在ANSYS中對(duì)主要零部件進(jìn)行有限元分析,包括有游梁機(jī)架、平衡重機(jī)架的分析,平衡重機(jī)架的模態(tài)分析,齒輪齒條輪齒的靜力學(xué)分析,還有對(duì)齒環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)的靜力學(xué)分析,校核這些結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度、剛度能否滿足要求。第五,運(yùn)用動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件ADAMS和ANSYS fatigue tool疲勞分析模塊進(jìn)行齒輪的疲勞仿真,在動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件ADAMS中仿真分析出齒輪齒環(huán)嚙合時(shí)的載荷譜,得出一個(gè)齒在運(yùn)行過程中的載荷譜,再根據(jù)齒輪的材料S-N曲線,單齒嚙合的載荷譜,在ANSYS fatigue tool中分析齒輪的疲勞累積損傷,預(yù)測(cè)齒輪的疲勞壽命。第六,總結(jié)本論文的研究內(nèi)容,得出結(jié)論,并提出下一步研究的建議與展望。
[Abstract]:With the low international oil price in recent years, the difficulty of oil recovery in domestic oil field is increasing, and reducing the cost is the first choice adopted by each oilfield. The conventional beam pumping unit can not meet the practical requirements. Research and development of new pumping units has been the main direction of petroleum related enterprises. From the emergence of pumping units to today, we can see the evolution law of pumping units: pumping units towards long stroke, energy saving and efficiency. Gear ring driven pumping unit has been widely used in various oilfields, it can achieve long stroke, energy saving and high efficiency, it has high transmission efficiency. In this paper, a new type of double-donkey head pumping unit driven by gear ring is designed and analyzed. The pumping unit is based on the conventional beam pumping unit. A rear donkey head is added to the back end of the walking beam to make the track of the front and rear donkey head coincide, and the rear donkey head is connected with the balance weight by wire rope in the center of the central shaft of the walking beam frame of the conventional beam pumping unit, and a rear donkey head is added to the back end of the walking beam. Gear ring reversing mechanism drive balance weight structure can move up and down to achieve pumping action. The main contents of this paper include the following chapters: firstly, the main models of pumping units at home and abroad are investigated. The development background and structure characteristics of double donkey head pumping unit and gear ring driven pumping unit are analyzed emphatically. Secondly, combined with the analysis content, put forward the idea of the new pumping unit involved in this paper; Finally, the design content and technical route of this paper are listed. Secondly, according to the proposed ideas, two different structural schemes are put forward, and the rationality of the structure and the economy of pumping unit manufacturing are compared and analyzed. Finally, the final structure of this paper is determined. Thirdly, according to the parameters of pumping well and tube-rod column, the suspension load of pumping unit is calculated, and the static load, dynamic load and friction load of pumping unit are analyzed. Second, according to the load, design and calculate the components of the pumping unit, including motor, reducer selection, gear ring design calculation, guide wheel calculation. The design of balance weight-commutator structure, the design of beam frame, balance frame, lubrication system, brake system and so on. Finally. Through 3D software SolidWorks to create parts 3D model and assembly, for the next simulation analysis. 4th, according to the previous model. The finite element analysis of the main parts in ANSYS includes the analysis of the beam frame, the balance frame, the modal analysis of the balance frame, and the statics analysis of the gear and rack gear teeth. There are also statics analysis of the ring structure to check whether the strength and stiffness of these structures can meet the requirements. 5th. The dynamic software ADAMS and ANSYS fatigue tool fatigue analysis module are used to simulate gear fatigue. The load spectrum of gear ring meshing is simulated and analyzed in the dynamics software ADAMS, and the load spectrum of one tooth in the running process is obtained. Then, according to the S-N curve of gear material, the load spectrum of single tooth meshing is obtained. The fatigue cumulative damage of gear is analyzed in ANSYS fatigue tool, and the fatigue life of gear is predicted. 6th. The research content of this paper is summarized and the conclusion is drawn. Suggestions and prospects for further research are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE933.1

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