本文關鍵詞： 微乳化柴油 制備 穩(wěn)定性 蒸發(fā)特性 臺架試驗　出處：《海南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：能源和環(huán)境保護是人類面臨的兩大問題。微乳化柴油作為一種代用燃料,既可以減少石油燃料消耗又可以改善發(fā)動機排放,所以對乳化柴油的研究很有必要。但目前國內對于乳化柴油的研究并不是很成熟,處于理論實驗研究階段,本文主要進行了微乳化柴油的穩(wěn)定性、蒸發(fā)、發(fā)動機負荷特性研究。穩(wěn)定性試驗是為了尋求微乳化柴油最穩(wěn)定的配方,用分層時間作為衡量穩(wěn)定性的指標參數,通過微乳化柴油的穩(wěn)定性機理篩選出試驗因子,通過設計試驗方案、方差分析,因子間交互式作用,優(yōu)化模型得出最優(yōu)方案,最后進行最優(yōu)配方的試驗驗證。復配乳化劑比例為2.13%,助溶劑比例為1.02%,HLB值為6.45,柴油比例為80.85%,水溶液體積分數為15%,穩(wěn)定時間為292.6 h,通過試驗驗證得到的穩(wěn)定時間為286h,與理論誤差為4.7%。本實驗使用復配乳化劑通過適當的乳化工藝制備了不同配方的微乳化柴油在熱重分析儀器上做蒸發(fā)特性試驗研究。試驗控制變量有溶液質量分數,油膜厚度,加熱速率,氮氣流速等,結果用Origin8.6對試驗結果進行處理分析。研究結果表明:在100℃之后,蒸發(fā)速度呈現出先迅速加快,后減慢的現象;當乳化柴油中的葡萄糖水溶液一定時,適當比例的葡萄糖濃度能加快蒸發(fā)速率,降低了蒸發(fā)的終點溫度;當乳化柴油中的葡萄糖濃度一定時,提高含水量能加快蒸發(fā)速率,同時降低了蒸發(fā)的終點溫度;加熱速率和氮氣速率增加將加快乳化柴油的蒸發(fā),縮短蒸發(fā)時間,降低蒸發(fā)終點溫度。發(fā)動機臺架試驗是為了研究微乳化柴油在發(fā)動機上的經濟性能、排放性能等,并用不同配方的微乳化柴油與純柴油進行對比,為微乳化柴油的推廣應用提供理論依據,通過試驗對比,研究發(fā)現在額定轉速不同負荷下,微乳化柴油的有效熱效率都要高于純柴油。在高負荷時,燃用柴油的廢氣排放都要高于微乳化柴油,低負荷時,微乳化柴油的HC、C0排放較高。
[Abstract]:As an alternative fuel, micro-emulsified diesel fuel can not only reduce the consumption of petroleum fuel but also improve engine emissions. So it is necessary to study the emulsified diesel fuel, but the domestic research on emulsified diesel fuel is not very mature, in the theoretical and experimental stage, this paper mainly carried out the stability of micro-emulsified diesel oil, evaporation. Research on engine load characteristics. Stability test is to find the most stable formulation of micro-emulsified diesel oil, and the delamination time is used as the index parameter to evaluate the stability. According to the stability mechanism of micro-emulsified diesel oil, the test factors were screened out, and the optimal scheme was obtained by designing the test scheme, analysis of variance, interaction between the factors, and optimizing the model. Finally, the optimum formula was tested. The ratio of mixed emulsifier was 2.13%, the ratio of co-solvent was 1.02%, and the ratio of diesel was 6.45, and the ratio of diesel oil was 80.85%. The volume fraction of the aqueous solution is 15 and the stabilization time is 292.6 h. The stability time obtained by the experiment is 286 h. And the theoretical error is 4.7. In this experiment, different formulations of micro-emulsified diesel oil were prepared by proper emulsification process. The evaporation characteristics of micro-emulsified diesel oil with different formulations were studied on thermogravimetric analysis instrument. The experimental control variables included solution. Mass fraction. The oil film thickness, heating rate, nitrogen flow rate and so on were analyzed by Origin8.6. The results showed that after 100 鈩，

本文編號：1450042