【摘要】：砷可以通過自然途徑和人為途徑進入水環(huán)境，水中的砷主要是無機砷，毒性較大，長期飲用高砷水會影響人體健康，因此無機砷的去除及其影響因素和機理的研究具有很重要的價值。 本文通過研究pH=5-10的范圍內(nèi)，混凝產(chǎn)生的膠體的Zeta電位變化，經(jīng)過沉淀過濾后溶液中三價砷和五價砷的去除率，分析三氯化鐵混凝去除水中砷的機理，以及背景溶液氯化鈉濃度由1mM提高到10mM時、水中氫氧化鈣濃度為50mg/L或氯化鎂濃度為64.31mg/L時，對混凝效果的影響。 本文首先進行高效液相色譜測定砷含量的研究。經(jīng)實驗確定，HPLC-ICP-MS的最佳流動相是，，濃度為20mM的NH_4H_2PO_4溶液（pH值為6.0）和甲醇溶液，比例為97%：3%，此時三價砷和五價砷的分離及測定效果較好。 混凝實驗結(jié)果表明，膠體的Zeta電位呈先升高后下降的趨勢，在pH=7-8之間達到等電點；三價砷在pH較高時去除效果好，在pH較低時去除效果差，而五價砷正好相反。鈣離子或鎂離子的加入會減小Zeta電位，提高五價砷的去除率，但三價砷的去除率不受影響。在pH=9時，投加金屬離子，總砷去除率最大。
[Abstract]:Arsenic can enter the water environment through natural and man-made ways. The arsenic in the water is mainly inorganic arsenic, which has great toxicity. Drinking high arsenic water for a long time will affect human health. Therefore, it is of great value to study the removal of inorganic arsenic and its influencing factors and mechanism. In this paper, through studying the change of Zeta potential of colloid produced by coagulation in the range of pH=5-10, the removal rate of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic in the solution after precipitation filtration was studied, and the mechanism of ferric chloride coagulation to remove arsenic in water was analyzed. And when the concentration of sodium chloride in background solution is increased from 1mM to 10mM, and when the concentration of calcium hydroxide in water is 50mg/L or the concentration of magnesium chloride is 64.31mg/L, the effect of the concentration of calcium hydroxide in water on the coagulation effect is also discussed. In this paper, the determination of arsenic by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was studied. The best mobile phase of HPLC-ICP-MS is NH_4H_2PO_4 solution (pH = 6.0pH) and methanol solution with the concentration of 20mM, and the ratio is 97% ~ 3%. The separation and determination of trivalent arsenic and pentavalent arsenic are better. The results of coagulation experiment showed that the Zeta potential of colloid increased first and then decreased, reaching isoelectric point between pH=7-8, and the removal effect of trivalent arsenic was better when pH was higher than that when pH was lower, but that of pentavalent arsenic was just the opposite. The addition of Ca ~ (2 +) or mg ~ (2 +) can decrease the Zeta potential and increase the removal rate of pentavalent arsenic, but the removal rate of trivalent arsenic is not affected. When adding metal ions in pH=9, the removal rate of total arsenic is the highest.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU991.2

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