【摘要】：城市化過程中，，人類對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境最大的擾動(dòng)就是將透水的自然地表改造成為不透水的硬化地表，這直接改變了原有的的水文循環(huán)機(jī)制，影響了流域的水文生態(tài)環(huán)境，引起了一系列的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題。如何應(yīng)對(duì)城市化過程中不可能消除的不透水地表產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面效應(yīng)成為了當(dāng)今規(guī)劃界廣泛關(guān)注的議題。作為城市開發(fā)建設(shè)的直接管理依據(jù)，從控制性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃著手研究探討不透水面的規(guī)劃控制途徑對(duì)我國當(dāng)前亟待解決的城市不透水面引發(fā)的系列問題更具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 論文通過分析總結(jié)不透水面的規(guī)劃控制的相關(guān)理論研究和實(shí)踐進(jìn)展,探討了控制性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃編制過程中不透水面規(guī)劃控制的必要性和可能的途徑。結(jié)合低影響開發(fā)、生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、精明增長、生態(tài)補(bǔ)償四大理論，提出了控制性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃中不透水面規(guī)劃控制的目標(biāo)、實(shí)施路徑及主要內(nèi)容，指出了控規(guī)中與不透水面規(guī)劃控制密切相關(guān)的四個(gè)系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃要素，即用地規(guī)劃、交通系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃、綠地系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃、雨水工程規(guī)劃，并從規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)、指標(biāo)設(shè)置、實(shí)施管理三個(gè)方面系統(tǒng)的制定了不透水面規(guī)劃控制的策略體系。 在規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)策略中，結(jié)合國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究及實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在相關(guān)理論的指導(dǎo)下嘗試構(gòu)建生態(tài)雨水設(shè)施的宏觀載體“雨水生態(tài)格網(wǎng)”，模擬開發(fā)前雨水地表徑流的排放過程，將土地使用、交通系統(tǒng)、綠地系統(tǒng)、雨水系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化、協(xié)調(diào)、整合，賦予雨水生態(tài)格網(wǎng)生態(tài)、交通、雨水管理等多重功能，對(duì)城市化的硬化地表進(jìn)行生態(tài)切割、對(duì)其導(dǎo)致的雨水徑流進(jìn)行生態(tài)管理的同時(shí)構(gòu)建了城市水文生態(tài)的安全格局，并以之為規(guī)劃布局的骨架在四個(gè)系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃中提出具體的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)策略；在指標(biāo)設(shè)置策略中，以土地集約化利用和雨水生態(tài)化管理為控制路徑，通過篩選生態(tài)規(guī)劃指標(biāo)體系中的相關(guān)指標(biāo)，優(yōu)化控規(guī)的容積率指標(biāo)和可透水面積率指標(biāo)，補(bǔ)充設(shè)置公共服務(wù)設(shè)施可達(dá)性指標(biāo)、水質(zhì)、雨水流量控制指標(biāo)構(gòu)建了不透水面的規(guī)劃控制指標(biāo)體系，并制定了具體計(jì)算和應(yīng)用方法；在實(shí)施管理策略中，提出基于水文生態(tài)的控規(guī)實(shí)施管理模式。指出控規(guī)層面制定不透水面規(guī)劃控制導(dǎo)則的必要性，闡述了導(dǎo)則制定的主要原則及內(nèi)容。最后，研究提出建立改善城市透水性的容積率獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)機(jī)制，并詳細(xì)闡述了其實(shí)施途徑及獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)方法。
[Abstract]:In the process of urbanization, the biggest disturbance to the ecological environment is to transform the permeable natural surface into the impervious and hardened surface, which directly changes the original hydrological cycle mechanism and affects the hydrological ecological environment of the watershed. Caused a series of ecological environmental problems. How to deal with the negative effects of impervious surface which can not be eliminated in the process of urbanization has become a widespread concern in the planning field. As the direct management basis of urban development and construction, it is of practical significance to study the planning and control ways of impermeable water surface from the perspective of controlling detailed planning for a series of problems caused by impermeable surface in cities that need to be solved urgently in our country. By analyzing and summarizing the relevant theoretical research and practical progress of planning control of impermeable water surface, this paper discusses the necessity and possible ways of planning control of impermeable water surface in the process of making control detailed planning. Combined with the four theories of low impact development, ecological network, smart growth and ecological compensation, the paper puts forward the target, implementation path and main content of surface planning control in controlling detailed planning. This paper points out the four system planning elements closely related to the control of impermeable surface planning, that is, land use planning, transportation system planning, green space system planning, Rain Water engineering planning, and planning design and index setting. Three aspects of the implementation of management system to formulate the impermeable surface planning and control strategy system. In the planning and design strategy, combined with the relevant research and practical experience at home and abroad, under the guidance of relevant theory, try to construct the macro carrier of ecological Rain Water facility "Rain Water ecological grid", simulate the discharge process of the surface runoff before the development. To optimize, coordinate and integrate the land use, transportation system, green space system, Rain Water system, and endow Rain Water with multiple functions such as ecological grid, traffic, Rain Water management, and so on, to ecologically cut the hardened surface of urbanization. The ecological management of Rain Water runoff is carried out, and the safety pattern of urban hydrology ecology is constructed, and the framework of planning layout is taken as the framework of planning and layout, and the specific planning and design strategies are put forward in the four system planning, and in the strategy of index setting, Taking the intensive land utilization and Rain Water ecological management as the control path, through screening the relevant indexes in the ecological planning index system, optimizing the volume ratio index and the permeable area ratio index of the control rules, and supplementing setting the public service facility accessibility index, The water quality and Rain Water discharge control index set up the planning and control index system of impermeable water surface, and formulated the concrete calculation and application method, and put forward the management mode based on hydrology and ecology in implementing the management strategy. This paper points out the necessity of formulating the control guidelines for impermeable surface planning at the level of control and regulation, and expounds the main principles and contents of the formulation of the guidelines. Finally, the paper puts forward to establish the incentive mechanism of the volume rate of improving the urban water permeability, and expounds the implementation way and the reward method in detail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.1

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