【摘要】：底部框架-抗震墻結構主要用于臨街的底部商店上部住宅工程,在我國一些中小城市大量的存在著,尤其是繁華地段的臨街建筑中使用較多。而其中以底部兩層框架-抗震墻結構最多。汶川地震中,此類房屋破壞嚴重,其抗震性能有待研究。底部兩層框架-抗震墻結構是由框架剪力墻結構和砌體結構組成的復合結構,具有“頭重腳輕”、“上剛下柔”的特點。特別是樓梯作為發(fā)生地震和火災時的緊急逃生通道,對主體結構剛度的影響不容忽視。作為2010年陜西省自然科學基礎研究項目“地震作用下樓梯參與結構整體計算的仿真分析”的一個分支,本文總結了現(xiàn)有各種分析方法,以一底部兩層框架-抗震墻、上部四層砌體結構為研究對象,運用有限元分析軟件ETABS,分別建立不含樓梯的模型(模型1)和樓梯布置在結構不同位置的模型(模型2～模型6),用振型分解反應譜法和時程分析法對各個模型的抗震性能進行對比分析。得出如下結論：1)樓梯的存在使框架抗震墻結構的整體剛度增加了約40%。2)樓梯的存在使底部框架-抗震墻結構的自振周期縮短約40%、最大傾覆力矩增加約30%,并且對振型的扭轉參與系數(shù)、抗側移剛度、平動、扭轉效應都有著顯著的影響。因此在結構設計中將樓梯作為一個獨立單元參與抗震計算分析是必要的。3)對于樓梯間的主梁、平臺梁和承梯梁,建議采取加高梁高和加強配筋。強震來臨時,梯柱的上下端節(jié)點會出現(xiàn)嚴重破壞,因此建議在以后的樓梯設計時應保證梯柱的配筋,從而有力的保證樓梯間構件具有足夠的抗震能力。4)當樓梯位置從位置1向位置5改變,Y向地震下的頂點最大位移、層間位移和層間位移角逐漸增大,說明樓梯剛度對結構底部框架的扭轉變形有很大影響。所以在布置樓梯時,盡量避免將單個樓梯布置在角部或端部,應該沿著建筑物的中線對稱布置。
[Abstract]:The bottom frame - aseismatic wall structure is mainly used in the bottom of the upper Storehouse Project on the street. It is widely used in some small and medium-sized cities in our country, especially in the busy streets. The two storey frame - seismic wall structure at the bottom is the most. In Wenchuan earthquake, this kind of building is badly damaged and its seismic performance needs to be studied. The bottom two storey frame - seismic wall structure is a composite structure composed of frame shear wall structure and masonry structure. It has the characteristics of "head and heavy foot light" and "upper rigidity and soft". In particular, staircase is an emergency escape passage for earthquake and fire, and it can not be ignored for the stiffness of the main structure. As the natural science foundation of Shaanxi Province in 2010 A branch of the foundation research project, "the simulation and analysis of the whole calculation of the staircase participation structure under the earthquake action", this paper summarizes the existing analytical methods, and uses a bottom two storey frame - aseismic wall and the upper four layers masonry structure as the research object. The staircase model (model 1) and staircase without staircase are established by the finite element analysis software ETABS. The models (model 2 ~ Model 6) are placed in different positions, and the seismic performance of each model is compared with the vibration mode decomposition response spectrum method and time history analysis. The following conclusions are obtained: 1) the existence of the staircase increases the overall stiffness of the frame aseismic wall structure by about 40%.2) and the existence of the floor ladder makes the bottom frame - aseismic wall structure free of vibration The cycle shortens about 40%, the maximum overturning moment increases by about 30%, and it has a significant influence on the torsion participation coefficient, lateral stiffness, translation and torsional effect. Therefore, it is necessary to take the staircase as an independent unit in the seismic calculation and analysis in structural design. For the main beam of the staircase, the platform beam and the staircase beam, it is suggested to adopt the.3. When the strong earthquake comes, the upper and lower end nodes of the staircase will be seriously damaged. Therefore, it is suggested that the staircase should be reinforced when the staircase is designed so that the staircase members have sufficient seismic capacity.4) to change the staircase position from position 1 to position 5, and the maximum displacement of the Y to the vertex under the earthquake. The interlayer displacement and the interlayer displacement angle gradually increase, indicating that the staircase stiffness has a great influence on the torsional deformation of the bottom frame of the structure. So, when the staircase is arranged, the single staircase should be avoided to be arranged in the corner or end, and should be arranged along the middle line of the building.
【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU352.11

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1 申躍奎;張濤;王威;;框架結構樓梯的震害分析與設計對策[J];建筑結構;2009年11期

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本文編號：2127628