本文選題：深度處理 + 活性炭　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著水源污染的日益嚴(yán)重和飲用水水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不斷提高，飲用水處理工藝也面臨著更高的要求。傳統(tǒng)的活性炭工藝和超濾工藝在水質(zhì)處理上均有著各自的局限性，若將兩者聯(lián)用則有著很好的互補(bǔ)性，能夠充分保障水質(zhì)的安全。深圳市沙頭角水廠規(guī)模為4萬(wàn)m3/d的深度處理升級(jí)改造工程采用了活性炭與超濾聯(lián)用的方式。本文以活性炭-超濾組合工藝在沙頭角水廠的應(yīng)用展開研究，對(duì)活性炭-超濾組合工藝的處理效能、運(yùn)行參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究和優(yōu)化，并對(duì)沙頭角水廠的深度處理工程改造和工藝應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和評(píng)價(jià)。 活性炭-超濾組合工藝的出水濁度均小于0.1NTU，平均為0.07NTU，2μm以上顆粒數(shù)均小于10CNT/mL，平均為4CNT/mL，菌落總數(shù)小于1CFU/mL，浮游動(dòng)物均未檢出，CODMn平均去除率為33%、DOC平均去除率為26%、UV254平均去除率為45%。活性炭-超濾組合工藝的運(yùn)行效果十分良好，各出水水質(zhì)指標(biāo)均明顯優(yōu)于GB5749-2006。對(duì)CODMn、DOC、UV254等有機(jī)物指標(biāo)的去除主要由活性炭濾池去除，對(duì)菌落總數(shù)、浮游動(dòng)物等微生物指標(biāo)的去除主要由超濾去除，活性炭濾池和超濾有著很好的互補(bǔ)作用，兩者聯(lián)用充分保障了水質(zhì)的安全。 對(duì)活性炭濾池反沖洗時(shí)間的優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)表明，活性炭濾池反沖洗在6min以上即可達(dá)到良好的沖洗效果。對(duì)活性炭濾池反沖洗周期的優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)表明，活性炭濾池的反沖洗周期對(duì)運(yùn)行效果影響不大，反洗周期從2d延長(zhǎng)至4d、6d、8d，對(duì)濁度、顆粒物等的處理效果變化不大，反沖洗周期的延長(zhǎng)使CODMn的去除效果略有上升，同時(shí)反沖洗周期的延長(zhǎng)使出水微生物含量有一定升高。建議活性炭濾池反洗周期采用6d�；钚蕴康牡庵怠喖姿{(lán)值、比表面積和孔容積在運(yùn)行初期下降較快，之后逐漸趨于相對(duì)平穩(wěn)。由于活性炭濾池炭層厚度相對(duì)較小，濾池抵抗運(yùn)行負(fù)荷沖擊的能力相對(duì)薄弱。 對(duì)超濾反沖洗的氣擦洗時(shí)間、進(jìn)氣強(qiáng)度、水反洗時(shí)間和進(jìn)水強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行的四因素三水平正交試驗(yàn)表明，在氣擦洗時(shí)間35s、進(jìn)氣強(qiáng)度9m3/h、水反洗時(shí)間70s、進(jìn)水強(qiáng)度160L/(m2·h)下的膜污染程度最輕。對(duì)超濾的運(yùn)行通量和反洗周期的優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)表明，超濾運(yùn)行通量和反洗周期的變化對(duì)超濾的處理效果幾乎不會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響，超濾的處理效果有著極高的穩(wěn)定性。通量和反洗周期的變化對(duì)膜污染會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定影響，運(yùn)行通量較大則跨膜壓差的上升速率也較大，反洗周期的延長(zhǎng)也使得跨膜壓差的上升速率有一定升高。完整性測(cè)試表明，超濾膜組件有著較好的穩(wěn)定性和可持續(xù)性，長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行下沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)膜破損和膜絲斷裂的情況。 沙頭角水廠深度處理工程有著較好的示范性，，是在水廠預(yù)留地不足的情況下進(jìn)行的深度處理升級(jí)改造的新嘗試，對(duì)于我國(guó)眾多的同類水廠，在深度處理工藝選擇和改造方式上有著十分有益的借鑒和參考作用。
[Abstract]:With the increasing pollution of water sources and the improvement of drinking water quality standards, drinking water treatment process is also facing higher requirements. The traditional activated carbon process and ultrafiltration process have their own limitations in water quality treatment. If they are combined, they are complementary and can fully guarantee the safety of water quality. The advanced treatment upgrading project of Shenzhen Shatoujiao Waterworks, with a scale of 40,000 m3 / d, adopts the combination of activated carbon and ultrafiltration. In this paper, the application of activated carbon-ultrafiltration process in Sha Tau Kok Waterworks is studied, and the treatment efficiency and operation parameters of AC-UF combination process are studied and optimized. The features of advanced treatment engineering and process application in Sha Tau Kok Waterworks are summarized and evaluated. The turbidity of effluent of activated carbon ultrafiltration process was less than 0.1 NTU, the average number of particles above 2 渭 m was less than 10 CNT / mL, the average was 4 CNT / mL, the total number of bacteria was less than 1 CFU / mL, the average removal rate of CODMn was 33 DOC and the average removal rate of 26U UV254 was 45%. The combined process of activated carbon and ultrafiltration is very effective, and the effluent quality index is obviously superior to that of GB5749-2006. The removal of organic compounds such as COD mn, DOC, UV254 and so on is mainly removed by activated carbon filter, and the removal of microbial indexes such as the total number of bacteria and zooplankton is mainly removed by ultrafiltration. The activated carbon filter and ultrafiltration have very good complementary effect. The combination of the two fully guarantees the safety of water quality. The experiments on the backwashing time of activated carbon filter show that the backwashing of activated carbon filter can achieve good effect when the backwashing time is above 6min. The optimum test of backwashing cycle of activated carbon filter shows that the backwashing cycle of activated carbon filter has little influence on the operation effect, the backwashing period is extended from 2 days to 6 days and 8 days, and the effect of turbidity and particulate matter treatment is not changed much. The removal efficiency of CODMn was slightly increased with the prolongation of backwashing cycle, and the microbial content of effluent was increased with the prolongation of backwashing cycle. It is suggested that the backwash cycle of activated carbon filter should be adopted for 6 days. The iodine value, methylene blue value, specific surface area and pore volume of activated carbon decreased rapidly at the initial stage of operation, and then tended to be relatively stable. Because the carbon layer thickness of activated carbon filter is relatively small, the ability of the filter to resist the impact of running load is relatively weak. Four factors and three levels orthogonal test were carried out on the air scrubbing time, intake air intensity, water backwashing time and influent intensity of ultrafiltration backwashing. The results showed that the membrane fouling degree was the least under the condition of air scrubbing time 35 s, intake air intensity 9 m3 / h, water backwashing time 70 s, influent intensity 160L/(m2 h). The optimization tests on the operating flux and backwash period of ultrafiltration showed that the change of operating flux and backwash period had little effect on the treatment effect of ultrafiltration, and the treatment effect of ultrafiltration had high stability. The change of flux and backwash period will have a certain effect on membrane fouling, and the rising rate of transmembrane pressure difference will be larger when the running flux is larger, and the increase rate of transmembrane pressure difference will be increased with the prolongation of backwash cycle. The integrity test showed that the UF membrane assembly had good stability and sustainability, and there was no membrane breakage and membrane wire breakage under long-term operation. The advanced treatment project of Sha Tau Kok Waterworks has a good demonstration, and it is a new attempt to upgrade and upgrade the advanced treatment process under the condition of insufficient reserved land in the water works. For many similar water plants in China, It is useful for reference and reference in the selection of advanced treatment process and the modification method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.2

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