本文選題：景觀指數(shù)　切入點：綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)　出處：《湖南大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文首先闡述了綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究背景、意義,從綠道構(gòu)成要素、綠道構(gòu)建方法、基于景觀指數(shù)分析的綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建方法以及綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)實踐四個方面分析和總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,得出在現(xiàn)階段研究中,景觀指數(shù)分析方法是研究景觀格局比較科學準確的方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對景觀指數(shù)分析方法以及其在綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建中的應用進行了重點介紹,通過對比分析城市的現(xiàn)狀綠地和規(guī)劃綠地的六種景觀指數(shù)(斑塊個數(shù)、斑塊密度、最大斑塊指數(shù)、平均斑塊面積、斑塊聚集度指數(shù)和周長面積比),判斷出規(guī)劃后的綠地系統(tǒng)在景觀格局方面的變化,尤其是在景觀破碎度和連接性方面的變化,得出規(guī)劃綠地在景觀系統(tǒng)層面應改進的內(nèi)容。最后,通過四種不同的廊道與節(jié)點連接方式構(gòu)建四種綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行廊道結(jié)構(gòu)和廊道網(wǎng)絡(luò)的對比分析,評選出最理想方案,再耦合城市的現(xiàn)狀和特色進行調(diào)整和完善,最終得出最優(yōu)化的綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)方案,為城市的景觀格局優(yōu)化提供指導和參考。 本文選取典型的中部丘陵城市——長沙為例,運用景觀指數(shù)分析的綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建方法,進行實例驗證。首先根據(jù)長沙市中心城區(qū)現(xiàn)狀綠地圖和長沙市中心城區(qū)綠地系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃圖(2012—2020)(下簡稱長沙市中心城區(qū)綠地規(guī)劃圖)提取三種景觀類型：綠地斑塊、道路綠道、河流綠道的資料,轉(zhuǎn)化為GIS可編輯計算的格式,計算出其斑塊周長、斑塊個數(shù)、斑塊面積,根據(jù)GIS分析數(shù)據(jù)得出斑塊個數(shù)、斑塊密度、最大斑塊指數(shù)、平均斑塊面積、斑塊聚集度指數(shù)和周長面積比六種景觀指數(shù)值。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),長沙市綠地系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃雖然增加了綠地的個數(shù)和面積,但導致景觀系統(tǒng)破碎度增加和連接度下降,主要原因為城市物質(zhì)空間發(fā)展對綠地網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的隔斷,應對此問題,本文通過構(gòu)建綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)來降低景觀破碎化和提高連接度。根據(jù)長沙市綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點和廊道的分布,在充分分析和了解每個節(jié)點和廊道的主要功能和周邊用地情況下,對其進行分級劃定,通過四種不同的廊道與節(jié)點連接方式構(gòu)建四種綠道方案,利用廊道結(jié)構(gòu)指數(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)指數(shù)對四種方案進行綜合對比分析,分析結(jié)果表明綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)方案四是較理想的綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò),再結(jié)合城市現(xiàn)狀和特色對方案四進行相關(guān)調(diào)整和修改,最終得到既考慮城市建設(shè)又對生態(tài)景觀有利的綠道規(guī)劃方案,使城市的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和城市系統(tǒng)二者達到和諧共生。
[Abstract]:This paper first describes the research background and significance of the Green Road Network, from the elements of the Green Road, the construction method of the Green Road, The green road network construction method based on landscape index analysis and the green road network practice are analyzed and summarized in four aspects. Landscape index analysis method is a scientific and accurate method to study landscape pattern. On the basis of this, the landscape index analysis method and its application in the construction of green road network are introduced emphatically. Six landscape indices (patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, average patch area) of urban green space and planning greenbelt were compared and analyzed. The index of patch aggregation and the ratio of perimeter to area were used to judge the changes in landscape pattern, especially in landscape fragmentation and connectivity. Finally, through four different corridor and node connection way to construct four kinds of green way network to carry on corridor structure and corridor network contrast analysis, select the most ideal scheme, Recoupling the current situation and characteristics of the city to adjust and improve, and finally get the optimal green road network scheme, to provide guidance and reference for the optimization of the urban landscape pattern. This paper takes Changsha, a typical central hilly city, as an example, and applies the method of green road network construction based on landscape index analysis. First of all, according to the green map of Changsha central urban area and the planning map of green space system of Changsha city center, three landscape types are extracted: green patch, road green road, and so on. The data of river green channel are transformed into GIS's editable format to calculate the patch perimeter, patch number, patch area. According to the GIS analysis data, the patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, average patch area are obtained. The patch aggregation index and perimeter area ratio of six landscape indices were analyzed. It was found that although the number and area of green space were increased in Changsha, the fragmentation of landscape system increased and the connectivity decreased. The main reason is the partition of the urban material space development to the green space network system. In this paper, the green road network is constructed to reduce the landscape fragmentation and improve the connectivity. According to the distribution of the nodes and corridors of the green road network in Changsha, Based on the analysis and understanding of the main functions of each node and corridor and the surrounding land use, the paper classifies each node and corridor, and constructs four green road schemes through four different ways of corridor and node connection. By using corridor structure index and network structure index, the four schemes are compared and analyzed. The results show that green road network scheme 4 is an ideal green road network, and then combined with the current situation and characteristics of the city, the fourth scheme is adjusted and modified. Finally, the green road planning scheme, which not only considers the urban construction but also benefits the ecological landscape, makes the urban ecosystem and urban system harmonious and symbiotic.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU985

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