本文選題：鋼梁　切入點：翼緣　出處：《東北大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋼結構與其他結構相比,具有許多優(yōu)點,是建筑工程中廣泛應用的一種重要結構形式。但鋼結構在具體應用中,也會產生一些質量問題,會發(fā)生一些工程事故,所以應采取一些積極措施加以預防。隨著電子技術、傳感技術、新材料、新工藝等多領域的發(fā)展,測試技術也有了很大的發(fā)展,內容也逐漸豐富,涉及到了物理學、電子學、材料學等多種學科的內容。綜合利用測試技術基礎知識和技能可以提高分析、解決工程實際問題的能力。這使得測試技術既有較深的理論性,又有較強的實踐性。以往的多數研究,都是根據受彎構件的應力與應變來研究構件的性能,而且在實際工程中存在很多限制,難以應用于實際工程。而現有的對在役鋼結構的無損檢測技術并不十分完整,不僅效果有限而且存在著很多問題。本題目的理論意義就是,希望通過對電動勢譜線與應力的聯(lián)系,在不依賴形變的基礎上得出受彎構件的性能。本文采用電磁檢測方法為對鋼梁翼緣加以磁場,本實驗采用了精密度較高的自制傳感器使鋼梁產生感應電動勢,并通過旋轉傳感器的加載方向在不同角度產生的感應電動勢與外加應力相應的變化進行分析,得出應力、應變、角度和感應電動勢的關系,并繪制曲線圖形,通過分析,總結相應的規(guī)律。本實驗針對H型鋼梁在純彎曲實驗中,下翼緣中點處的撓度過大引起傳感器難以緊密接觸到磁場加載區(qū),無法正常加載穩(wěn)定磁場的問題,本實驗采取了把測點移動到鋼梁相同彎矩范圍內偏移中心25cm的撓度較小處的方法。最后得出以下結論：1.變換測點位置之后,傳感器不僅能夠加載穩(wěn)定的磁場,也能起到對傳感器的保護作用。2.鋼梁下翼緣受拉區(qū)當磁場為順力方向時,感應電動勢變化量小,垂直力方向下的變化量大。3.把傳感器露在外邊的兩個加載端使用優(yōu)質絕緣膠帶進行絕緣能有效改善傳感器的加載效果。4.將試驗室取得的感應電動勢之和與應力的關系曲線為應力已知標準曲線,為實測的感應電動勢數據提供依據,進而確定被測應力值。5.實驗數據表明外加應力對磁矩變化的影響與感應電動勢隨角度變化的理論一致。
[Abstract]:Compared with other structures, steel structure has many advantages and is an important structural form widely used in building engineering. However, some quality problems and engineering accidents will occur in concrete application of steel structure. So we should take some positive measures to prevent it. With the development of electronic technology, sensing technology, new materials, new technology and so on, the testing technology has also made great progress, and the content has been gradually enriched, involving physics, electronics, etc. The comprehensive use of basic knowledge and skills of test technology can improve the ability of analysis and solving practical engineering problems. Most previous studies have studied the performance of members according to the stress and strain of bending members, and there are many limitations in practical engineering. It is difficult to be applied to practical engineering. However, the existing nondestructive testing technology for existing steel structures is not very complete, not only has limited effect, but also has many problems. The theoretical significance of this topic is:. It is hoped that the properties of bending members can be obtained on the basis of the relationship between the electromotive force spectrum line and the stress and on the basis of independent deformation. In this paper, the electromagnetic detection method is used to apply magnetic field to the flange of the steel beam. In this experiment, a self-made sensor with high precision is used to make the steel beam produce induction electromotive force, and the stress and strain are obtained by analyzing the corresponding changes of the induction electromotive force and the applied stress produced by the loading direction of the rotating sensor at different angles. The relationship between angle and inductive electromotive force, drawing curve figure, summarizing the corresponding law through analysis. This experiment is aimed at the pure bending experiment of H-shaped steel beam. The deflection at the midpoint of the lower flange makes it difficult for the sensor to be in close contact with the magnetic field loading area and can not normally load a stable magnetic field. This experiment adopts the method of moving the measuring point to the smaller deflection of the center of 25 cm deviation within the same bending moment of the steel beam. Finally, the following conclusion is drawn: 1. After changing the position of the measuring point, the sensor can not only load a stable magnetic field, It can also protect the sensor. 2. When the magnetic field is in the direction of forward force, the change of induction electromotive force is small. The two loading ends exposed to the sensor can effectively improve the loading effect of the sensor by using high quality insulating tape for insulation. 4. The sum of the induced EMF and the stress obtained in the laboratory can be improved. The relation curve is the standard curve of known stress. The experimental data show that the effect of the applied stress on the magnetic moment is consistent with the theory that the induced EMF varies with the angle.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU391

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