本文關(guān)鍵詞： 重載 貨車(chē) 轉(zhuǎn)向架 動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真 輪軌動(dòng)作用力　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,鐵路貨運(yùn)量隨之增加。發(fā)展重載運(yùn)輸能充分發(fā)揮鐵路貨運(yùn)的優(yōu)勢(shì),提高線(xiàn)路運(yùn)能與運(yùn)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)多運(yùn)快運(yùn)。重載鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)闹髁魇翘岣咻S重,增加列車(chē)每延米有效載重,充分利用現(xiàn)有站線(xiàn)長(zhǎng)度。 然而貨車(chē)軸重的增加,勢(shì)必會(huì)給輪軌之間的相互作用帶來(lái)更不利的影響。輪軌相互作用,尤其是輪軌的垂向動(dòng)作用力會(huì)不斷增加,惡化車(chē)輛的運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)與安全性能,破壞軌道結(jié)構(gòu),加劇線(xiàn)路變形等。由于重載列車(chē)編組長(zhǎng)度長(zhǎng)、軸重大,因此運(yùn)行過(guò)程中需要的牽引與制動(dòng)力很大,傳播距離遠(yuǎn)、時(shí)間長(zhǎng),從而造成列車(chē)受力復(fù)雜,易引起列車(chē)沖動(dòng)、脫軌、車(chē)輛設(shè)備受損等問(wèn)題。因此,研究與分析車(chē)輛軌道參數(shù)對(duì)重載貨車(chē)輪軌之間相互作用力的影響很有必要,對(duì)我國(guó)重載運(yùn)輸?shù)陌l(fā)展也具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文綜述了國(guó)內(nèi)外鐵路重載運(yùn)輸?shù)陌l(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,簡(jiǎn)要闡述了輪軌相互作用的研究進(jìn)展。以車(chē)輛系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)鐵路重載貨車(chē)中各個(gè)部件進(jìn)行受力分析,并建立相應(yīng)的力學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)方程。根據(jù)大秦線(xiàn)上裝用轉(zhuǎn)K6型轉(zhuǎn)向架的C80重載貨車(chē)的結(jié)構(gòu)和懸掛特點(diǎn),通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化其非線(xiàn)性因素,建立了重載貨車(chē)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真模型。 通過(guò)以上動(dòng)力學(xué)建模和仿真計(jì)算,分析了重載貨車(chē)車(chē)輛及其軌道相關(guān)參數(shù)對(duì)輪軌之間相互作用力的影響。文中主要從運(yùn)行速度、軸重、簧下質(zhì)量、承載鞍彈性橡膠墊垂向剛度、搖枕每側(cè)彈簧垂向剛度、車(chē)輪踏面外形、車(chē)輪質(zhì)量偏心以及車(chē)輪多邊形化等車(chē)輛參數(shù)分析計(jì)算,探討相關(guān)參數(shù)對(duì)輪軌垂向動(dòng)力作用的影響。然后分析軌道參數(shù)如輪軌摩擦系數(shù)、軌道軌下膠墊剛度、軌道諧波激擾以及軌底坡等對(duì)輪軌垂向動(dòng)力作用的影響。此外,還比較分析了考慮輪對(duì)剛性模型與考慮輪對(duì)彈性模型的各動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)。 論文計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,重載貨車(chē)運(yùn)行速度、軸重、簧下質(zhì)量、搖枕彈簧垂向剛度、承載鞍彈性橡膠墊垂向剛度、車(chē)輪質(zhì)量偏心、車(chē)輪多邊形化以及軌道諧波激擾對(duì)輪軌之間動(dòng)作用力的影響較大,車(chē)輪踏面外形、軌底坡對(duì)輪軌接觸應(yīng)力影響較大。因此,合理地設(shè)計(jì)車(chē)輛與軌道各參數(shù)有利于降低輪軌間相互動(dòng)力作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in our country, the quantity of railway freight is increasing. The development of heavy-haul transportation can give full play to the advantages of railway freight, improve the capacity and volume of railway transportation, and realize multi-speed transportation. The mainstream of heavy-haul railway transportation is to increase axle load. Increase the effective load per meter of the train and make full use of the existing line length. However, the increase of truck axle load will inevitably bring more adverse effects to the wheel-rail interaction. The wheel-rail interaction, especially the vertical force of wheel-rail action, will increase continuously, which will worsen the smooth operation and safety performance of the vehicle. Destroy track structure, aggravate line deformation and so on. Because of the long formation length and the heavy axle of heavy haul train, the traction and braking force needed in the course of operation is very large, the distance of transmission is long, and the time is long, resulting in the complicated force of train. It is easy to cause problems such as train impulse, derailment, damage of vehicle equipment, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to study and analyze the influence of vehicle track parameters on the interaction force between wheel and rail of heavy truck. It is also of practical significance to the development of heavy haul transportation in China. In this paper, the development status of heavy haul railway transportation at home and abroad is summarized, and the research progress of wheel / rail interaction is briefly described. Based on the theory of vehicle system dynamics, the mechanical analysis of each component in railway heavy haul truck is carried out. According to the structure and suspension characteristics of C80 heavy truck with Zhuan K6 type bogie used in Daqin Line, the dynamic simulation model of heavy truck is established by simplifying its nonlinear factors. Based on the above dynamic modeling and simulation, the influence of the parameters of heavy truck vehicle and its track on the interaction between wheel and rail is analyzed. The vertical stiffness of the bearing saddle elastic rubber cushion, the vertical stiffness of the spring on each side of the pillow, the profile of the wheel tread, the eccentricity of the wheel mass and the polygonization of the wheel are analyzed and calculated. The influence of relevant parameters on the vertical dynamic action of wheel / rail is discussed. The influence of track parameters such as wheel / rail friction coefficient, rubber pad stiffness under rail track, track harmonic excitation and rail bottom slope on the vertical dynamic action of wheel / rail is analyzed. The dynamic indexes of the rigid model with wheelset and elastic model with wheelset are compared and analyzed. The results show that the running speed, axle load, underspring mass, vertical stiffness of pillow spring, vertical stiffness of bearing saddle elastic rubber pad, eccentric weight of wheel are calculated. The polygonal wheel and track harmonic disturbance have a great influence on the wheel / rail force, the profile of the wheel tread and the rail bottom slope have great influence on the wheel / rail contact stress. Reasonably designing the parameters of vehicle and track is helpful to reduce the dynamic interaction between wheel and rail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U211.5

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