本文關鍵詞： 基礎設施系統(tǒng) 復雜網(wǎng)絡 網(wǎng)絡模型 脆弱性分析 接口設計策略 關鍵組件 基礎設施保護　出處：《華中科技大學》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：基礎設施是一類為社會生產(chǎn)和居民生活提供服務的物質(zhì)工程設施，它們是社會賴以生存和發(fā)展的一般性物質(zhì)條件，也是典型的復雜系統(tǒng)。當今社會越來越依賴于基礎設施系統(tǒng)提供的各種服務以維持其正常運行。然而近年來以北美大停電、08年中國南方雪災為代表的各類災害頻繁爆發(fā)，給基礎設施系統(tǒng)的安全敲響了警鐘。鑒于基礎設施系統(tǒng)對社會生產(chǎn)和人民生活的重要性，研究基礎設施系統(tǒng)在不同擾動下的響應情形，分析、理解、識別基礎設施系統(tǒng)的脆弱性，進而提出相應的抗干擾措施和改進策略，提高基礎設施系統(tǒng)的可靠性，成為了當前研究的一個熱點課題。 圍繞基礎設施系統(tǒng)的脆弱性研究及其應用，國內(nèi)外眾多研究機構和學者分別采用投入產(chǎn)出模型、系統(tǒng)動力學模型、Agent仿真模型，探討了災害對基礎設施系統(tǒng)中的經(jīng)濟體、功能器件、業(yè)務流程等的影響并取得了若干初步成果，但是就總體而言，基礎設施系統(tǒng)脆弱性的研究尚處于起步階段，特別地，對于關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)脆弱性研究目前仍然是一個較新的研究領域。 復雜網(wǎng)絡作為大量真實復雜系統(tǒng)的高度抽象，其理論與應用研究已滲透到數(shù)理、生命和工程學科等眾多不同的領域。利用復雜網(wǎng)絡的理論和方法能夠很好的描述基礎設施系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部結構和彼此間的關聯(lián)關系，，為基礎設施系統(tǒng)脆弱性的研究提供一個全新的視角和研究方法，有助于從整體上把握系統(tǒng)的復雜性和系統(tǒng)響應的動力學特性。基于此，本文運用復雜網(wǎng)絡的理論和方法，從單一基礎設施系統(tǒng)入手，以關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)為研究重點分析基礎設施系統(tǒng)的脆弱性。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 首先，利用復雜網(wǎng)絡的理論和方法對基礎設施系統(tǒng)進行了拓撲描述和功能刻畫，介紹并總結了描述基礎設施系統(tǒng)的聚類系數(shù)、度相關性、介數(shù)等參量，以便更深刻的理解基礎設施系統(tǒng)結構與功能特性，給出了基礎設施系統(tǒng)的脆弱性分析理論框架。 針對以往單一基礎設施系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡脆弱性研究中對邊的級聯(lián)故障和社團脆弱性很少提及這一情形，本文在一般脆弱性分析的基礎上，建立了節(jié)點和邊的級聯(lián)故障模型，分析了基礎設施系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡在節(jié)點故障和邊故障下的脆弱性。同時利用模塊度優(yōu)化算法給出了社團結構劃分方法，并結合基礎設施系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡的結構特性和功能特點分別提出了結構和功能脆弱性指標，用以尋找網(wǎng)絡最脆弱和魯棒的社團。 對于關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)，本文分別從關聯(lián)類型、運行狀態(tài)、基礎設施特性、故障類型、耦合和響應行為、基礎設施環(huán)境等不同方面分析了其關聯(lián)性，結合基礎設施系統(tǒng)脆弱性分析框架，對關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)進行了脆弱性分析。在研究中對每一個具體系統(tǒng)進行了拓撲結構抽象，結合其運行機制建立了功能模型，考慮了不同系統(tǒng)間的關聯(lián)關系，并給出了關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)接口設計策略。利用網(wǎng)絡效率、雪崩規(guī)模等性能指標分析了系統(tǒng)在不同接口、不同擾動策略下的脆弱性，得出了關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)的故障容忍性和最優(yōu)的接口設計標準。 脆弱性分析的目的是為了更好的保護基礎設施系統(tǒng)。在單一和關聯(lián)基礎設施系統(tǒng)脆弱性分析基礎上，探討了基礎設施系統(tǒng)的關鍵組件辨識方法，以便對這些關鍵組件進行重點保護。通過納入緩沖、增加冗余、故障修復等手段討論了基礎設施系統(tǒng)的改進策略，為控制基礎設施系統(tǒng)的級聯(lián)故障、增強系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力提供決策支持。
[Abstract]:Infrastructure is a kind of material engineering services for social production and living, they are general material conditions for the survival and development of the society, is a typical complex system. Nowadays more and more rely on the service infrastructure system to maintain its normal operation. However, in recent years the North American blackout 08 years, China snow in the South as the representative of all kinds of disasters broke out frequently, to the system infrastructure security sounded the alarm. In view of the importance of infrastructure system of social production and people's life, the research infrastructure department to respond to the situation in the system under different disturbance analysis, understanding, vulnerability identification infrastructure system, and then put forward the corresponding anti-jamming measures and improvement strategy, improve the reliability of the system infrastructure, has become a hot topic of current research.
The infrastructure system vulnerability research and application, many domestic and foreign research institutions and scholars using input-output model, system dynamics model, Agent model, discussed the disaster on economy, infrastructure in the system of functional devices, influence business process and achieved some preliminary results, but on the whole. Study on the vulnerability of the infrastructure system is still in its infancy, in particular, for the associated infrastructure system vulnerability research is still a relatively new field of study.
Abstract a large number of real complex network as a highly complex system, its theory and application has penetrated into the mathematical and engineering disciplines, the field of life and so on. Using the theory and method of complex network can describe the internal structure of the infrastructure system is good and the relationship between each other, provide a new vulnerability research the perspective and research methods for the infrastructure system, helps to grasp the dynamic response characteristics of the system complexity and system on the whole. Based on this, this paper applies the theory and method of complex network, starting from a single infrastructure system, the associated infrastructure system for vulnerability analysis of infrastructure system focuses on the main research. The contents are as follows:
First of all, the infrastructure of the system of the topological description and function characterized by complex network theory and methods, the correlation describes and summarizes and describes the clustering coefficient, the infrastructure system degree, betweenness and other parameters, so that a deeper understanding of the infrastructure of system structure and function characteristics, vulnerability gives the infrastructure system analysis theory frame.
In the past a single infrastructure network system vulnerability of edge cascading failures and community vulnerability rarely mentioned in this situation, in this paper based on the analysis of general vulnerability, a cascading failure model of nodes and edges, analyzes the vulnerability of the network infrastructure system in the node and edge fault fault. At the same time, the use of modularity optimization algorithm community structure partition method, combining the structure characteristics and function characteristics of the network infrastructure system were put forward. The structure and function of the vulnerability index, to find the most fragile and robust network community.
瀵逛簬鍏寵仈鍩虹璁炬柦緋葷粺,鏈枃鍒嗗埆浠庡叧鑱旂被鍨

本文編號：1504370