【摘要】：機動車保有量激增,導致城市交通擁堵問題日益嚴重,交通安全與環(huán)境污染問題日益突出。作為城市路網交通流主要集散點,交叉口的信號控制策略、車輛排隊是造成交通擁堵的關鍵原因之一。以交叉口群作為管控對象用于緩解城市交通擁堵問題已經成為研究共識,隨著車聯(lián)網技術的快速發(fā)展,基于該技術實現(xiàn)交叉口群車輛的速度引導,將為緩解城市交通擁堵問題提供一種有效的解決策略。本文針對城市主干道路線性交叉口群設計了速度引導算法,形成“動態(tài)綠波帶”實現(xiàn)車聯(lián)網環(huán)境下的交叉口群車速引導,緩解城市交通擁堵。首先,從動態(tài)速度控制、動態(tài)速度引導、車聯(lián)網環(huán)境特征測試、交叉口群速度引導和技術應用等方面,對國內外的速度引導研究現(xiàn)狀進行了總結,給出了本文的研究內容和技術路線。在介紹車聯(lián)網的系統(tǒng)構建、技術體系和作用機理基礎上,對比分析了傳統(tǒng)行駛環(huán)境與車聯(lián)網行駛環(huán)境下速度引導方法的差異,并對車聯(lián)網環(huán)境下速度引導機理與基本方法進行了論述。然后,介紹了交叉口群的基本概念、特性和界定方法,基于上述兩種環(huán)境下速度引導差異性分析,分別提出了基于單點、協(xié)同兩種場景的線性交叉口群速度引導算法,包括引導策略、算法設計與流程等。為驗證算法有效性,考慮車聯(lián)網速度引導影響因子,基于EstiNet仿真軟件構建了兩種場景下速度引導算法測試環(huán)境。針對EstiNet軟件提供的車載、信號、路側等三種智能體二次編程開發(fā),實現(xiàn)了論文提出的交叉口群單點、協(xié)同速度引導算法。最后,利用設計的車聯(lián)網環(huán)境速度引導評價指標體系,從運行效率、污染排放和行駛安全等方面對速度引導算法的效果進行了定量分析,對比分析兩種速度引導算法的效果,并結合車聯(lián)網環(huán)境速度引導影響因子對算法敏感性進行研究。同時,利用行車速度、車頭時距分析了車聯(lián)網環(huán)境下的交通流特征。仿真結果顯示,實施交叉口群協(xié)同速度引導策略后,平均速度、行程時間可靠性分別改善了 13.36%、76.61%,停車時間、延誤時間、可達性阻隔系數(shù)、污染排放和速度連續(xù)性分別下降了 51.02%、65.79%、86.32%、7.07%、23.89%。相對于交叉口群單點速度引導,協(xié)同速度引導減少了 19.64%的不必要速度引導信息推送,對評價指標也具有更好的改善效果。對影響因子敏感性分析表明,設備裝載率和引導遵從率的上升以及通信距離的降低,會使得評價指標的改善程度更為明顯。此外,交通流特征分析方面,兩種環(huán)境下車輛的行車速度和車頭時距都可以分別采用正態(tài)分布和移位負指數(shù)分布進行擬合,且引導車輛通過交叉口停車線處的行車速度提升了 51.81%,車頭時距減小了 24.67%,表明提出的算法提高了通行效率,緩解了城市交叉口群的擁堵。
[Abstract]:The proliferation of motor vehicle ownership leads to the increasingly serious problem of urban traffic congestion, and the problems of traffic safety and environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent. As the main distribution point of traffic flow in urban road network, the signal control strategy of intersection, vehicle queuing is one of the key reasons for traffic congestion. It has become a research consensus that cross-port group is used as the control object to alleviate the problem of urban traffic jams. With the rapid development of vehicle networking technology, the speed guidance of cross-port group vehicles is realized based on this technology. It will provide an effective solution to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, a speed guidance algorithm is designed for the linear crossing group of urban main roads, and a "dynamic green wave belt" is formed to guide the speed of the intersection group in the environment of vehicle networking, so as to alleviate the traffic congestion in the city. First of all, from the aspects of dynamic speed control, dynamic speed guidance, vehicle network environmental characteristics test, intersection group speed guidance and technical application, the research status of speed guidance at home and abroad is summarized. The research content and technical route of this paper are given. On the basis of introducing the system construction, technical system and action mechanism of vehicle networking, this paper compares and analyzes the differences of speed guidance methods between traditional driving environment and vehicle networking driving environment. The mechanism and basic method of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment are discussed. Then, the basic concept, characteristics and definition method of the intersection group are introduced. based on the analysis of the difference of velocity guidance in the above two environments, the speed guidance algorithm of linear intersection group based on single point and cooperative scene is proposed respectively. Including guidance strategy, algorithm design and process, and so on. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, considering the influence factors of vehicle network speed guidance, the test environment of speed guidance algorithm in two scenarios is constructed based on EstiNet simulation software. Aiming at the secondary programming of vehicle, signal and road side provided by EstiNet software, the single point and cooperative speed guidance algorithm of intersection group proposed in this paper is realized. Finally, the effect of the speed guidance algorithm is quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of running efficiency, pollution discharge and driving safety, and the effects of the two speed guidance algorithms are compared and analyzed by using the designed speed guidance evaluation index system of the vehicle network environment. The sensitivity of the algorithm is studied by combining the influencing factors of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment. At the same time, the traffic flow characteristics in the vehicle network environment are analyzed by using the driving speed and the front time distance. The simulation results show that the average speed and travel time reliability are improved by 13.36%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61% and 76.61%, respectively. Pollution emissions and speed continuity decreased by 51.02%, 65.79%, 86.32%, 7.07% and 23.89%, respectively. Compared with the single point speed guidance of intersection group, the cooperative speed guidance reduces the unnecessary speed guide information push by 19.64%, and also has a better effect on the evaluation index. The sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors shows that the increase of equipment loading rate and guide compliance rate and the decrease of communication distance will make the improvement of evaluation index more obvious. In addition, in the analysis of traffic flow characteristics, the driving speed and headway time distance of vehicles in the two environments can be fitted by normal distribution and displacement negative exponential distribution, respectively. The driving speed of the guided vehicle through the intersection parking line is increased by 51.81%, and the headway time distance is reduced by 24.67%, which indicates that the proposed algorithm improves the traffic efficiency and alleviates the congestion of the urban intersection group.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U495

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 傅喜泉,喻松,郭弘;超冷原子氣體中激光脈沖群速度降低到17m/s[J];激光與光電子學進展;2000年08期

2 程亞,徐至展,沈百飛,張文琦,陳建文;超短光脈沖在均勻等離子體中群速度的理論分析[J];中國激光;1997年02期

3 童元偉;張冶文;赫麗;李宏強;陳鴻;;同軸光子晶體中異常群速度現(xiàn)象[J];科學通報;2006年07期

4 梅璐璐;林京;;信號群延遲估計方法研究[J];儀器儀表學報;2009年01期

5 張維加;;波導管的群速度與工作狀態(tài)的規(guī)律研究[J];化學工程與裝備;2010年11期

6 薛辰;朱鵬飛;王驍俊;戴肇煜;趙明旺;張朝民;孫曉慧;;平板波導TM模的群速度研究[J];大學物理;2013年03期

7 徐林苗;光波測距中的群速度彌散效應[J];兵器激光;1984年02期

8 梁卿昌;楊冬;王海華;蔣占魁;;Pr~(3+)∶Y_2SiO_5晶體中電磁感應光透明及群速度減慢[J];吉林大學學報(理學版);2007年01期

9 邱森友;波包在介質中運動時的群速度及相速度[J];安徽建筑工業(yè)學院學報(自然科學版);1997年01期

10 喻松,傅喜泉,郭弘;激光脈沖在熱原子氣體中的群速度大幅度降低[J];激光與光電子學進展;2000年08期

相關會議論文 前1條

1 尹兵祥;王尚旭;;一個關于群速度概念的疑問[A];中國地球物理學會第二十屆年會論文集[C];2004年

相關重要報紙文章 前1條

1 記者 王艷紅;使光脈沖群速度超過光速300多倍[N];新華每日電訊;2000年

相關博士學位論文 前3條

1 姜其暢;基于原子相干的多脈沖光束群速度操控[D];山西大學;2015年

2 楊義勝;寬帶三倍頻不等速群速匹配規(guī)律研究[D];國防科學技術大學;2011年

3 李俊;基于鐵電晶體電光效應的群速度調控以及電光器件研究[D];上海交通大學;2014年

，

本文編號：2484252