【摘要】：圖像物體檢測與分類既是計(jì)算機(jī)視覺領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)也是視覺領(lǐng)域的核心內(nèi)容。圖像物體檢測與分類與人們生活密切相關(guān)。近年來,由于深度學(xué)習(xí)方法在ImageNet ILSVRC競賽輝煌的成果,圖像物體檢測和分類的研究越來越活躍。大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代的到來給人工智能的發(fā)展提供前所未有的機(jī)遇,在這個(gè)時(shí)代背景下,深度學(xué)習(xí)在包括圖像物體檢測等方面取得的突破性進(jìn)展并非偶然。R-CNN首次提出了被廣泛采用的基于深度學(xué)習(xí)的物體檢測流程,并首先采用選擇性搜索提出候選區(qū)域,利用深度卷積網(wǎng)絡(luò)從候選區(qū)域提取特征,然后利用支持向量機(jī)等線性分類器基于特征將區(qū)域分為物體和背景。本文通過對R-CNN模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)基于深度學(xué)習(xí)的圖像物體檢測與分類系統(tǒng)。首先,對于區(qū)域檢測模塊進(jìn)行改進(jìn),在檢測窗生成模塊使用檢測速率更高的Edge Boxes算法代替選擇性搜索。其次,我們對R-CNN進(jìn)行改進(jìn),打破傳統(tǒng)的分級訓(xùn)練思想,修改了 R-CNN的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),通過端對端的訓(xùn)練方式,提高了目標(biāo)檢測和分類算法在PASCAL VOC數(shù)據(jù)集的平均準(zhǔn)確率(mAP)。此外,我們基于R-CNN改進(jìn)的目標(biāo)檢測與分類算法減少了訓(xùn)練階段的緩存空間,提高了空間利用率。最終我們的目標(biāo)檢測與分類算法在PASCAL VOC數(shù)據(jù)集獲得了 56.8的mAP,相比DPM v5模型提升70%,相比R-CNN提升了 10%。此外,以往的研究注重于檢測效果和分類效果的提升,側(cè)重于在數(shù)據(jù)方面的研究。然而,基于卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可視化工作也是十分有必要的。因此,本文在CNN特征提取可視化也做了很多工作�？梢园l(fā)現(xiàn),隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)層數(shù)的增加,學(xué)習(xí)到的特征語義越來越抽象,越能從語義上概括圖像的特征。
[Abstract]:Image object detection and classification is not only the foundation of computer vision field, but also the core content of vision field. Image object detection and classification are closely related to people's life. In recent years, the research of image object detection and classification has become more and more active due to the brilliant achievements of deep learning methods in ImageNet ILSVRC. The arrival of the big data era provides an unprecedented opportunity for the development of artificial intelligence. The breakthrough in depth learning, including image object detection, is not accidental. R-CNN proposes a widely used object detection process based on depth learning for the first time. The feature is extracted from candidate region by deep convolution network, and then the region is divided into object and background based on feature by linear classifier such as support vector machine (SVM). In this paper, an image object detection and classification system based on depth learning is implemented by improving R-CNN model. Firstly, the region detection module is improved, and the Edge boxes algorithm with higher detection rate is used to replace the selective search in the window generation module. Secondly, we improve R-CNN, break the traditional hierarchical training idea, modify the network structure of R-CNN, and improve the average accuracy (mAP) of target detection and classification algorithm in Pascal VOC dataset through end-to-end training. In addition, our improved target detection and classification algorithm based on R-CNN reduces the buffer space in the training phase and improves the space utilization ratio. Finally, our target detection and classification algorithm obtains 56.8 mAPs in Pascal VOC dataset, 70 steps higher than DPM v5 model and 10 parts higher than R-CNN model. In addition, previous studies have focused on the improvement of detection and classification effects, as well as on data. However, visualization based on convolutional neural networks is also necessary. Therefore, this paper has done a lot of work in CNN feature extraction visualization. It can be found that with the increase of the number of network layers, the feature semantics learned becomes more and more abstract, and the feature of the image can be summarized more semantically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP391.41

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