本文選題：刀具檢測 + 自動(dòng)對焦��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)和社會生產(chǎn)的不斷發(fā)展,對工件的質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)率提出了越來越高的要求。在加工過程中,刀具的狀態(tài)直接決定了工件的質(zhì)量,對刀具磨損進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,及時(shí)把刀具的磨損信息反饋給機(jī)床的控制系統(tǒng),可以避免造成工件報(bào)廢和機(jī)床的損害;通過對刀具幾何形狀的檢測,可以調(diào)整機(jī)床加工參數(shù),補(bǔ)償加工軌跡,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)精密加工。針對刀具在機(jī)監(jiān)測和檢測需求,搭建了圖像采集系統(tǒng),并利用該平臺進(jìn)行了自動(dòng)對焦算法、刀具磨損監(jiān)測和刀具幾何形狀檢測等方面的研究。1.根據(jù)刀具在機(jī)檢測系統(tǒng)的需求,選擇合適類型和參數(shù)的相機(jī)、鏡頭、光源等設(shè)計(jì)并搭建圖像采集系統(tǒng)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,為了確保刀具位于相機(jī)的焦平面處,通過對比幾種對焦評價(jià)函數(shù)的對焦靈敏性并進(jìn)行性能優(yōu)化,最后采用Brenner梯度函數(shù)結(jié)合超精密機(jī)床各軸的移動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)對焦,通過先粗調(diào)后微調(diào)的調(diào)焦方式,加快了對焦過程,實(shí)現(xiàn)了高質(zhì)量圖像的采集。2.對基于灰度值的模板匹配方法和基于形狀的模板匹配方法進(jìn)行了研究,從匹配原理、系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和運(yùn)算效率三個(gè)方面對兩種匹配方法的適用性進(jìn)行分析,并將金字塔算法應(yīng)用于模板匹配過程中,實(shí)現(xiàn)了刀具磨損的快速、穩(wěn)定監(jiān)測。3.自主設(shè)計(jì)圓弧刃刀具幾何形狀檢測算法,并從算法效率、穩(wěn)定性和精度方面與輪廓分割圓弧擬合算法進(jìn)行對比。結(jié)果表明,自主設(shè)計(jì)算法檢測穩(wěn)定性更佳,并且刀具形狀較差或者刀具磨損出現(xiàn)豁口時(shí)都能實(shí)現(xiàn)精確檢測。4.針對超出視野范圍的圓弧刃刀具,為了保證檢測精度,提出了基于刀具輪廓的拼接算法。采用輪廓識別、仿射變換、邊緣融合等技術(shù)保證了刀具輪廓的準(zhǔn)確拼接,最后驗(yàn)證了該拼接算法的檢測精度。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and social production, the quality and productivity of workpiece are demanded more and more. In the process of machining, the state of the tool directly determines the quality of the workpiece. Monitoring the tool wear and feeding back the tool wear information to the control system of the machine tool in time can avoid the scrap of the workpiece and the damage of the machine tool. By measuring the geometric shape of the tool, the machining parameters can be adjusted and the machining track can be compensated, thus the precision machining can be realized. In order to meet the needs of tool monitoring and inspection, an image acquisition system is built, and the automatic focusing algorithm, tool wear monitoring and tool geometric shape detection are studied by using the platform. According to the requirements of the tool in machine detection system, the image acquisition system is designed and built by selecting the appropriate type and parameters of camera, lens, light source and so on. On this basis, in order to ensure that the tool is located at the focal plane of the camera, the focus sensitivity of several focusing evaluation functions is compared and the performance is optimized. Finally, Brenner gradient function combined with the movement of each axis of the ultra-precision machine tool is used to realize the automatic focusing. The focusing process is accelerated and the high quality image acquisition is realized by the focusing mode of coarse tuning and fine tuning. The template matching method based on gray value and the template matching method based on shape are studied. The applicability of the two matching methods is analyzed from three aspects: matching principle, system stability and operation efficiency. The pyramid algorithm is applied to the template matching process, and the tool wear is monitored quickly and stably. 3. The geometric shape detection algorithm of arc cutting tool is designed and compared with the contour segmentation arc fitting algorithm in terms of efficiency, stability and precision. The results show that the self-designed algorithm is more stable and can detect accurately when the tool shape is poor or the tool wear is gaping. In order to ensure the detection accuracy, an algorithm based on cutter contour is proposed for the arc edge cutter which is out of sight. The contour recognition, affine transformation and edge fusion techniques are used to ensure the accurate stitching of the tool contour. Finally, the detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG71;TP391.41

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 余峰浩;刀具磨損、破損的聲發(fā)射監(jiān)控法的研究[J];機(jī)電工程技術(shù);2005年09期

2 杜月麗;馬憲圖;;刀具幾何參數(shù)的合理選用[J];科技創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)報(bào);2012年09期

3 董麗華,趙彥玲,李振加;;切削０Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４Ｍｏ材料刀具的合理幾何參數(shù)[J];哈爾濱科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1996年04期

4 關(guān)玉琴;中職《刀具》課教改的嘗試[J];內(nèi)蒙古科技與經(jīng)濟(jì);2004年01期

5 梁磊;;刀具幾何參數(shù)對切削過程的影響[J];工具技術(shù);2009年09期

6 侯紅玲;;刀具強(qiáng)度及切削過程數(shù)值模擬研究[J];煤礦機(jī)械;2011年02期

7 黃民;劉秀麗;謝厚正;;高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床刀具磨損故障監(jiān)測方法及實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)[J];北京信息科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年01期

8 高士珊;;新型微型刀具[J];機(jī)械工藝師;1987年02期

9 Richard A.saletri,劉志峰;刀具幾何參數(shù)及切削條件對產(chǎn)品成本的影響[J];工具技術(shù);1994年08期

10 范亞炯,畢超賢;對車床類刀具幾何參數(shù)可調(diào)的探討[J];工具技術(shù);1997年07期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 張憲;我國對PCD刀具的需求不斷增加[N];中國工業(yè)報(bào);2004年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 畢慶貞;面向五軸高效銑削加工的刀具可行空間GPU計(jì)算與刀具方向整體優(yōu)化[D];上海交通大學(xué);2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 徐露艷;基于計(jì)算機(jī)視覺的刀具在機(jī)檢測[D];天津大學(xué);2016年

2 劉曉龍;面向低碳的車削加工刀具幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2015年

3 吳劉興;非接觸式刀具測量儀機(jī)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[D];西安工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

4 赫野;非接觸式刀具幾何參數(shù)測量儀系統(tǒng)標(biāo)定[D];大連工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

5 戈娟;DJCLY12A刀具幾何參數(shù)測量系統(tǒng)的誤差分析及補(bǔ)償[D];大連工業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

6 辛元超;刀具磨損參數(shù)檢測技術(shù)研究[D];西安工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

7 田建平;多自由度刀具測量平臺運(yùn)動(dòng)控制技術(shù)研究[D];西安工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

8 王峰;專用機(jī)床刀具幾何參數(shù)選用專家系統(tǒng)[D];西華大學(xué);2008年

9 高峰;計(jì)算機(jī)視覺式刀具測量儀的研究[D];沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

10 侯學(xué)智;數(shù)字圖像刀具測量機(jī)[D];電子科技大學(xué);2004年

，

本文編號：1787915