發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-12-16 03:44

　　了解土壤中不同形態(tài)的碳,有機(jī)碳的分子特征以及對(duì)農(nóng)作物系統(tǒng)中水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體的貢獻(xiàn),對(duì)于維持農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的土壤質(zhì)量和環(huán)境可持續(xù)性至關(guān)重要。秸稈還田,施肥和免耕等保護(hù)管理措施可顯著改變土壤中有機(jī)碳（SOC）的含量、活性以及土壤中的水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體,但這些耕作措施對(duì)稻-油輪作系統(tǒng)中土壤有機(jī)碳的含量以及質(zhì)量的綜合影響研究相對(duì)較少。本文選取了湖北省武穴市、荊州市、以及武漢市3個(gè)稻-油輪作長(zhǎng)期定位試驗(yàn)點(diǎn),每個(gè)試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)各有4種處理。其中武穴試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）、傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）、免耕（NT）以及免耕+秸稈還田（NTS）。荊州試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+鉀肥（CTK）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+鉀肥+秸稈還田（CTKS）。武漢試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）、傳統(tǒng)耕作+NPK肥（CTNPK）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田+NPK肥（CTSNPK）。每個(gè)試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)探討了秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳（SOC）、顆粒有機(jī)碳（POC）、微生物有機(jī)碳（MBC）、易氧化有機(jī)碳（EOC）、溶解有機(jī)碳（DOC）、土壤碳管理指數(shù)（SCMI）以及水穩(wěn)性... 

【文章來(lái)源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：125 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
1 Introduction
    1.1 Background and rationale
    1.2 Soil organic carbon and crop rotation system
    1.3 Effects of straw returning on SOC and soil properties
    1.4 Effect of straw returning on SOC characteristics and chemical composition
    1.5 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on water stable aggregates
    1.6 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on SOC of soil aggregates
    1.7 Purposes of the study
2 Materials and methods
    2.1 Description of experimental sites and design
        2.1.1 Wuxue site
        2.1.2 Jingzhou site
        2.1.3 Whan site
    2.2 Crop management
    2.3 Soil sampling
    2.4 Water-stable aggregate separation and determination
    2.5 Analytical methods and calculations
        2.5.1 Initial soil characterization
        2.5.2 Soil organic carbon and labile C fractions
13C NMR Spectra analysis">        2.5.3 CPMAS ¹³C NMR Spectra analysis
        2.5.4 Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy analysis
        2.5.5 Carbon content analysis by SEM/EDX
        2.5.6 SOC stocks quantification
        2.5.7 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    2.6 Statistical analysis
3 Results
    3.1 Effects of straw returning on SOC and labile C fractions
        3.1.1 Soil organic carbon （SOC）
        3.1.2 Microbial biomass carbon （MBC）
        3.1.3 Dissolved organic carbon （DOC）
        3.1.4 Particulate organic carbon （POC）
        3.1.5 Easily oxidizable carbon （EOC）
    3.2 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    3.3 Effects of straw returning on soil organic carbon stocks
    3.4 Effects of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
    3.5 Water stable aggregates and their stability indices
    3.6 Effects of straw returning on SOC contents in aggregates
    3.7 Effect of straw returning on the structure of soil aggregates
    3.8 C content analysis by SEM/EDX
    3.9 Correlations of SOC with C fractions, aggregates and chemical composition
        3.9.1 Correlations among SOC, C fractions and SCMI
        3.9.2 Relationships of SOC with different soil aggregates
        3.9.3 Relationships among C fractions and chemical composition
        3.9.4 Relationships of aggregates with chemical composition of SOC
4 Discussion
    4.1 Effect of straw returning on SOC contents and stocks
    4.2 Effect of straw returning on SOC organic C fractions
    4.3 Effect of straw returning on soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    4.4 Effect of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
    4.5 Relationship among SOC, C fractions and chemical composition
    4.6 Effects of straw returning on soil water stable aggregates
    4.7 Relationship between soil organic carbon and soil aggregates
5 Conclusion and novelty of study
    5.1 Conclusion
    5.2 Novelty of study
6 Future perspectives
7 Publications
    7.1 Papers and Abstracts relating to this work
    7.2 Other papers
References
Acknowledgements



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