【摘要】：【目的】大草蛉Chrysopa pallens(Rambur)是自然界重要的天敵昆蟲(chóng),以預(yù)蛹兼性滯育越冬。本研究旨在明確光周期和溫度對(duì)大草蛉滯育解除及滯育后發(fā)育和繁殖的影響。【方法】在室內(nèi)觀測(cè)了不同溫度(22℃和25℃)和光周期(15L∶9D及9L∶15D)條件下大草蛉預(yù)蛹的滯育解除及滯育解除后的蛹期、蛹存活率、成蟲(chóng)鮮重、成蟲(chóng)壽命、產(chǎn)卵前期和單雌產(chǎn)卵量等生物學(xué)特性,以及5℃低溫處理對(duì)預(yù)蛹滯育解除的作用,并分析了滯育持續(xù)時(shí)間對(duì)大草蛉滯育解除后發(fā)育和繁殖的影響。【結(jié)果】在光周期15L∶9D和9L∶15D下,25℃下大草蛉預(yù)蛹期(分別為50.09和49.47 d)顯著短于22℃下(分別為80.80和82.20 d)。5℃低溫處理極顯著延長(zhǎng)了大草蛉預(yù)蛹期(P0.01),且縮小了預(yù)蛹期的個(gè)體差異。22℃下,與非滯育預(yù)蛹相比,滯育后預(yù)蛹的存活率顯著降低,蛹期和產(chǎn)卵前期顯著延長(zhǎng),雌成蟲(chóng)壽命顯著縮短,成蟲(chóng)鮮重和單雌產(chǎn)卵量顯著下降。22℃,光周期15L∶9D下大草蛉的滯育持續(xù)時(shí)間為50~170 d,且能影響滯育后發(fā)育:隨著滯育持續(xù)時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),蛹期逐漸延長(zhǎng),雌、雄成蟲(chóng)的鮮重逐漸降低,雄成蟲(chóng)壽命呈先延長(zhǎng)后縮短的趨勢(shì),蛹存活率、雌成蟲(chóng)壽命、產(chǎn)卵前期和單雌產(chǎn)卵量沒(méi)有顯著性差異�！窘Y(jié)論】試驗(yàn)條件下,兩種光周期對(duì)大草蛉滯育解除、滯育后發(fā)育和繁殖沒(méi)有明顯的影響,而溫度是調(diào)節(jié)大草蛉滯育發(fā)育和繁殖的重要因子。較高溫度能促進(jìn)滯育的解除,低溫處理能夠同步種群的滯育發(fā)育。大草蛉的滯育存在生殖代價(jià),滯育持續(xù)時(shí)間影響滯育解除后的部分生物學(xué)特性。
[Abstract]:[objective] Chrysopa pallens (Rambur) is an important natural enemy insect in nature, which overwinters with facultative diapause of pupae. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause release and post-diapause development and reproduction of lacewings. [methods] the biological characteristics of diapause release and diapause release, pupal survival rate, adult fresh weight, adult life span, prespawning period and single female spawning capacity of lacewings at different temperatures (22 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2512210