黃河三角洲典型區(qū)地下水動(dòng)態(tài)及其與土壤鹽漬化的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-17 09:41
【摘要】：近年來(lái),黃河三角洲土地鹽堿化日趨嚴(yán)重。黃河三角洲發(fā)生土地鹽堿化的地方,淺層地下水分布各異。淺層地下水中分布廣泛的主要是咸水、鹵水。目前土地鹽堿化地區(qū)的淺層地下水還不具有作為水資源進(jìn)行開(kāi)發(fā)和利用的價(jià)值,至今還沒(méi)有人對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)化的研究。研究區(qū)域淺層地下水動(dòng)態(tài)模擬對(duì)鹽堿地治理和農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有很重要的理論和經(jīng)濟(jì)指導(dǎo)意義,在有效預(yù)測(cè)、調(diào)控地下水、控制土壤鹽堿化等方面有非常重要的作用。在對(duì)黃河三角洲區(qū)域野外觀測(cè)及調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,本文首先結(jié)合研究區(qū)域的降水、蒸發(fā)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)地下水時(shí)空動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)行了分析,并利用ARIMA模型,對(duì)地下水進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè);其次,結(jié)合水文地質(zhì)學(xué)等眾多領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)知識(shí),對(duì)黃河三角洲的地層構(gòu)造、邊界區(qū)域及地下水的補(bǔ)給排泄等進(jìn)行了全面系統(tǒng)的分析,從而利用Visual Modflow對(duì)研究區(qū)進(jìn)行地下水?dāng)?shù)值模擬,并對(duì)模型進(jìn)一步求解、識(shí)別和驗(yàn)證;再次,利用Arc GIS中的協(xié)同卡里克插值法,分別對(duì)研究區(qū)域2003、2011年30-40cm土壤深度下的土壤含鹽量進(jìn)行了插值,獲得了鹽漬土的空間分布圖,并對(duì)土壤鹽漬化的動(dòng)態(tài)特征進(jìn)行分析。最后,通過(guò)點(diǎn)位與面狀分析相結(jié)合,根據(jù)地下水模擬下的水位分布,明確地下水與土壤鹽漬化之間必定存在的關(guān)系,并借助SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件中的相關(guān)性分析模塊,深入分析地下水動(dòng)態(tài)與土壤鹽漬化之間的相關(guān)性關(guān)系。通過(guò)回歸分析模塊,將地下水位與土壤鹽漬化之間的關(guān)系定量化,從而得到二者之間的線性回歸方程。基于二者之間的關(guān)系,對(duì)研究區(qū)域地下水提出一些管理措施,預(yù)防并減少土地鹽漬化的發(fā)生。本論文的主要研究成果如下:(1)地下水位年際變化較大,年內(nèi)水位變化主要表現(xiàn)為降-升-降的周期性變化,地下水位的升降趨勢(shì)基本上與降水量分配及蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)度變化一致。(2)地下水模型水均衡項(xiàng)輸出結(jié)果顯示,降水是模擬區(qū)含水層最主要的補(bǔ)給項(xiàng),占總補(bǔ)給量的85.26%;海水側(cè)滲位居其次,僅占總量的11.09%。河流補(bǔ)給最少,占3.65%。在模擬區(qū)內(nèi)的排泄項(xiàng)中,潛水蒸發(fā)是主要的一項(xiàng),蒸發(fā)量較大,約為7.92×108m3,占總排泄項(xiàng)的97.43%。(3)黃河三角洲區(qū)域,鹽漬化比較嚴(yán)重的土地主要位于低平地,低平地海拔般低于3.5m。鹽漬化比較嚴(yán)重的地方,存在的主要植物有檉柳、翅堿蓬等耐鹽性植物。河成高地、洼地與崗階地之間的緩平地等,鹽分表聚性較強(qiáng),鹽漬化程度較輕。(4)土壤30cm電導(dǎo)率與地下水之間極具相關(guān)性。根據(jù)地下水模擬及相關(guān)性分析,將研究區(qū)域劃分為三個(gè)部分。對(duì)每一個(gè)分區(qū)進(jìn)行時(shí)序數(shù)列的相關(guān)性分析,并通過(guò)線性擬合分析,得到每個(gè)分區(qū)的土壤30cm電導(dǎo)率與地下水位的線性擬合回歸方程。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the salinization of land in the Yellow River Delta is becoming more and more serious. The distribution of shallow groundwater is different in the places where land salinization occurs in the Yellow River Delta. Salt water and brine are widely distributed in shallow groundwater. At present, the shallow groundwater in the salinized area of land is not valuable for the development and utilization of water resources, and no systematic research has been carried out on it up to now. The study of regional shallow groundwater dynamic simulation has very important theoretical and economic guiding significance for saline-alkali land treatment and sustainable development of agriculture, and plays a very important role in effective prediction, regulation of groundwater, control of soil salinization and so on. Based on the field observation and investigation of the Yellow River Delta region, this paper first analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamics of groundwater based on the precipitation and evaporation data of the study area, and forecasts the groundwater by using ARIMA model. Secondly, combined with the professional knowledge of hydrogeology and many other fields, the strata structure, boundary area and groundwater recharge and discharge in the Yellow River Delta are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, so that the groundwater numerical simulation is carried out by using Visual Modflow, and the model is further solved, identified and verified. Thirdly, the cooperative Carrick interpolation method in Arc GIS was used to interpolation the soil salt content under the depth of 30-40cm soil in 2003 and 2011 respectively, and the spatial distribution map of saline soil was obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of soil salinization were analyzed. Finally, through the combination of point and surface analysis, according to the water level distribution under groundwater simulation, the relationship between groundwater and soil salinization is clarified, and the correlation relationship between groundwater dynamics and soil salinization is deeply analyzed with the help of the correlation analysis module in SPSS statistical software. Through the regression analysis module, the relationship between groundwater level and soil salinization is quantified, and the linear regression equation between them is obtained. Based on the relationship between the two, some management measures for groundwater in the study area are put forward to prevent and reduce the occurrence of land salinization. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the interannual variation of groundwater level is large, and the variation of groundwater level is mainly periodic variation of decline, rise and fall, and the rising and falling trend of groundwater level is basically consistent with the distribution of precipitation and the change of evaporation intensity. (2) the output results of groundwater model water balance show that precipitation is the most important recharge item of aquifer in simulated area, accounting for 85.26% of the total recharge; Seawater side infiltration was the second, accounting for only 11.09% of the total. The river recharge is the least, accounting for 3.65%. Among the excretion items in the simulation area, submersible evaporation is the main one, the evaporation is about 7.92 脳 108m3, accounting for 97.43% of the total excretion. (3) in the Yellow River Delta region, the land with serious salinization is mainly located in the low flat land, and the altitude of the low plain land is lower than 3.5 m. In areas where salinization is serious, the main plants are Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa and other salt-tolerant plants. The surface accumulation of salt is strong and the degree of salinization is light. (4) there is a great correlation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater. According to groundwater simulation and correlation analysis, the study area is divided into three parts. The correlation analysis of time series of each partition is carried out, and the linear fitting regression equation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater level in each partition is obtained by linear fitting analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641;S156.4
本文編號(hào)：2500895
[Abstract]:In recent years, the salinization of land in the Yellow River Delta is becoming more and more serious. The distribution of shallow groundwater is different in the places where land salinization occurs in the Yellow River Delta. Salt water and brine are widely distributed in shallow groundwater. At present, the shallow groundwater in the salinized area of land is not valuable for the development and utilization of water resources, and no systematic research has been carried out on it up to now. The study of regional shallow groundwater dynamic simulation has very important theoretical and economic guiding significance for saline-alkali land treatment and sustainable development of agriculture, and plays a very important role in effective prediction, regulation of groundwater, control of soil salinization and so on. Based on the field observation and investigation of the Yellow River Delta region, this paper first analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamics of groundwater based on the precipitation and evaporation data of the study area, and forecasts the groundwater by using ARIMA model. Secondly, combined with the professional knowledge of hydrogeology and many other fields, the strata structure, boundary area and groundwater recharge and discharge in the Yellow River Delta are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, so that the groundwater numerical simulation is carried out by using Visual Modflow, and the model is further solved, identified and verified. Thirdly, the cooperative Carrick interpolation method in Arc GIS was used to interpolation the soil salt content under the depth of 30-40cm soil in 2003 and 2011 respectively, and the spatial distribution map of saline soil was obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of soil salinization were analyzed. Finally, through the combination of point and surface analysis, according to the water level distribution under groundwater simulation, the relationship between groundwater and soil salinization is clarified, and the correlation relationship between groundwater dynamics and soil salinization is deeply analyzed with the help of the correlation analysis module in SPSS statistical software. Through the regression analysis module, the relationship between groundwater level and soil salinization is quantified, and the linear regression equation between them is obtained. Based on the relationship between the two, some management measures for groundwater in the study area are put forward to prevent and reduce the occurrence of land salinization. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the interannual variation of groundwater level is large, and the variation of groundwater level is mainly periodic variation of decline, rise and fall, and the rising and falling trend of groundwater level is basically consistent with the distribution of precipitation and the change of evaporation intensity. (2) the output results of groundwater model water balance show that precipitation is the most important recharge item of aquifer in simulated area, accounting for 85.26% of the total recharge; Seawater side infiltration was the second, accounting for only 11.09% of the total. The river recharge is the least, accounting for 3.65%. Among the excretion items in the simulation area, submersible evaporation is the main one, the evaporation is about 7.92 脳 108m3, accounting for 97.43% of the total excretion. (3) in the Yellow River Delta region, the land with serious salinization is mainly located in the low flat land, and the altitude of the low plain land is lower than 3.5 m. In areas where salinization is serious, the main plants are Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa and other salt-tolerant plants. The surface accumulation of salt is strong and the degree of salinization is light. (4) there is a great correlation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater. According to groundwater simulation and correlation analysis, the study area is divided into three parts. The correlation analysis of time series of each partition is carried out, and the linear fitting regression equation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater level in each partition is obtained by linear fitting analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641;S156.4
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 馬馳;石輝;盧玉東;;MODFLOW在西北地區(qū)地下水資源評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用——以甘肅西華水源地地下水?dāng)?shù)值模擬計(jì)算為例[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2006年02期
，本文編號(hào)：2500895
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