山西省褐腐病菌種群結(jié)構(gòu)及致病性研究
[Abstract]:Brown rot is one of the important diseases on fruit, which can cause many kinds of fruit decay, affect fruit production and bring economic loss. The disease was mainly caused by three species of Sclerotinia (Monilinia), Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena and Monilinia laxa, which are closely related to Sclerotinia sclerotinia Sclerotinia and Sclerotinia pyrenoides Monilinia laxa. In this study, the population structure and pathogenicity of brown rot pathogens in Shanxi Province were studied. From 2011 to 2014, the fruit of brown rot was collected. In the process of sampling, it was found that brown rot mainly occurred in orchards with extensive management, rarely occurred in orchards with fine management, and rarely occurred on bagged fruits. A total of 93 strains of brown rot bacteria were isolated and purified, and their morphology and molecular identification were carried out, and the pathogenicity of 81 of them was determined. The results of morphological identification showed that there were 69 strains of M. fructigena, 15 strains of M. laxa and 3 strains of M. fructicola, 6 of which could not be accurately judged by morphology. Three pairs of specific primers ITS1 Mfcl/ITS4Mfcl,ITS1Mfgn/ITS4Mfgn and ITS1Mlx/ITS4Mlx were used to amplify the tested strains of brown rot bacteria by PCR. Among the 93 tested strains, 79 strains amplified specific single bands and 7 strains amplified two bands. 7 strains could not be amplified effectively. Seven strains which could not be specifically amplified by species were amplified and sequenced by using universal primers of fungal ITS. BLAST comparison and homology analysis were carried out in GeneBank nucleic acid database. The results of morphological identification and molecular biological identification showed that 75 strains of, M. fructigena, 15 strains of, M. fructicola and 3 strains of, M. fructicola accounted for 80.7% and 16.1% of the tested strains, respectively. 3.2%. 3.81 strains of brown rot bacteria could cause the disease after inoculating apple and pear fruit, but the size of disease spot was significantly different. According to the variance analysis of the diameter of the disease spot, the strains of brown rot bacteria were divided into three pathogenic types: weak, medium and strong. When inoculated with apple, the three types accounted for 29.6%, 46.9% and 23.5% respectively, and the three types accounted for 18.5%, 50.6% and 30.9%, respectively. Generally speaking, there was differentiation of pathogenicity among strains from different regions, and the proportion of pathogenicity groups was different from that of consistent pathogenicity groups in different regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:S432.4
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