【摘要】：為了了解亞高山森林凋落物在不同分解階段的化學(xué)計(jì)量特征,采用空間代替時(shí)間的方法,以自然狀態(tài)下凋落物的3個(gè)層次——新鮮凋落物層(L)、發(fā)酵層(F)、腐殖質(zhì)層(H))模擬凋落物分解的不同階段,對川西亞高山不同林分類型(岷江冷杉天然林、粗枝云杉人工林、白樺天然林、杜鵑矮曲林)凋落物的碳氮磷(C、N、P)及可溶性碳氮磷(DOC、SN、SP)含量進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明:林分類型及分解階段將顯著影響凋落物分解過程中的碳氮磷含量及其化學(xué)計(jì)量比。亞高山森林凋落物可溶性有機(jī)碳、水溶性磷含量均隨著分解過程的不斷進(jìn)行而降低,分解初期快速淋溶,而分解中后期釋放變緩。4種林分比較而言,水溶性碳氮磷含量表現(xiàn)為:白樺杜鵑冷杉云杉,闊葉樹種凋落物的可溶性碳氮磷普遍高于針葉樹種,尤其在分解初期。針葉樹種凋落物SN在分解過程中呈現(xiàn)釋放模式,而闊葉樹種SN呈現(xiàn)先富集后釋放模式。凋落物C含量隨著分解的不斷進(jìn)行而降低,冷杉、白樺及杜鵑N含量呈現(xiàn)先富集后釋放的趨勢,分解階段對云杉與白樺各層P含量影響不顯著,但冷杉卻呈現(xiàn)先降低后升高的現(xiàn)象,而杜鵑則是在分解后期P含量顯著降低。從總體來看,亞高山森林凋落物C/P和N/P均顯著小于全球平均水平,凋落物C/N、C/P、N/P、DOC/C、SN/N、SP/P均隨著分解的不斷進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)降低的趨勢。分解初期白樺和杜鵑DOC/C顯著降低,而冷杉則在分解后期顯著降低。冷杉N/P先升高后降低,杜鵑N/P隨著分解的不斷進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)升高趨勢。這些研究結(jié)果為深入理解亞高山森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的凋落物分解進(jìn)程和養(yǎng)分循環(huán)提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the stoichiometric characteristics of subalpine forest litter in different decomposition stages, three layers of litter in natural state, (L), fermentation layer (F), were used to replace time in space. Humus layer (H) simulates the different stages of litter decomposition, and studies the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (C _ (N) of litter in different forest types (natural forest of Abies fir, plantation of Picea crassifolia, natural forest of Bai Hua, forest of rhododendron dwarf) in western mountains of Sichuan. P) and soluble carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (DOC,SN,SP) contents were studied. The results showed that the type of stand and decomposition stage significantly affected the content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and their stoichiometric ratios during litter decomposition. The content of soluble organic carbon and water soluble phosphorus in the litter of subalpine forest decreased with the process of decomposition. The water-soluble carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were: the soluble carbon and nitrogen and phosphorus in litters of broad-leaved tree species were generally higher than those of coniferous species, especially in the early stage of decomposition of Bai Hua Rhododendron spruce. The release pattern of SN was observed in the decomposition process of coniferous species, while that of SN in broad-leaved species was first enriched and then released. The C content of litter decreased with the continuous decomposition. The N content of fir, Bai Hua and Rhododendron showed a tendency of enrichment and then release, but the decomposition stage had no significant effect on P content in each layer of Picea spruce and Bai Hua. However, fir decreased first and then increased, while the P content of Rhododendron decreased significantly at the later stage of decomposition. In general, C / P and N / P of subalpine forest litter were significantly lower than the global average, and the litter C / N / P / PDOC / CSN / NSPP all showed a decreasing trend with the process of decomposition. Bai Hua and Rhododendron DOC/C decreased significantly at the early stage of decomposition, while fir decreased significantly at the later stage of decomposition. The N / P of fir increased first and then decreased, and the N / P of Rhododendron increased with the continuous decomposition. These results provide a basis for further understanding the litter decomposition process and nutrient cycling in subalpine forest ecosystems.
【作者單位】： 高山森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)定位研究站;長江上游林業(yè)生態(tài)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31570605,31200345) 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(1510626069)~~
【分類號】：S714

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