發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-23 15:00

【摘要】：【目的】本研究評(píng)價(jià)了在被捕食者波動(dòng)條件下,在花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch和蘿卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)上六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)Menochilus sexmaculatus(Fabricius)4齡幼蟲(chóng)的功能反應(yīng)。蘿卜蚜是一種含烯丙基異硫氰酸酯的防御性被捕食者。我們推測(cè),在試驗(yàn)的被捕食者條件下,在最適量被捕食者或豐富的被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的幼蟲(chóng)比在缺乏被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的幼蟲(chóng)表現(xiàn)出更好的功能反應(yīng)。而在蘿卜蚜上六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)的功能反應(yīng)曲線的斜率比在花生蚜上要低。【方法】將六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)4齡幼蟲(chóng)從飼養(yǎng)條件(缺乏被捕食者/最適乏被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者)突然轉(zhuǎn)移到不同的試驗(yàn)條件(極為缺乏被捕食者/缺乏被捕食者/次適量被捕食者/最適量被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者)下,外推出其功能曲線�！窘Y(jié)果】盡管被捕食資源發(fā)生了改變,但是六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)4齡幼蟲(chóng)在花生蚜上表現(xiàn)出Ⅱ型反應(yīng),而在蘿卜蚜上表現(xiàn)出改變的Ⅱ型反應(yīng)。此外,在5個(gè)試驗(yàn)條件下,不管是哪種被捕食者,在最適量被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的4齡幼蟲(chóng)均表現(xiàn)出正常的捕食率。但是在缺乏被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的4齡幼蟲(chóng)突然轉(zhuǎn)變到最適量/豐富的被捕食者實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下時(shí),它們通過(guò)取食比平時(shí)更多的被捕食者的生物量來(lái)補(bǔ)償食物的短缺。不過(guò),它們?cè)谪S富的被捕食者條件下的取食量最高,在極為缺乏被捕食者的試驗(yàn)條件下的取食量最低。而且,在花生蚜上記錄到較高的攻擊率和較低的獵物處理時(shí)間。【結(jié)論】結(jié)果說(shuō)明,蘿卜蚜可利用量的波動(dòng)可改變六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)的功能反應(yīng)。然而,對(duì)于六斑月瓢蟲(chóng)而言,花生蚜比蘿卜蚜是更為合適的被捕食者。
[Abstract]:[objective] to evaluate the functional responses of the 4th instar larvae of ladybird Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) on Aphis craccivora Koch and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) of peanut aphid and radish aphid under the condition of prey fluctuation. Radish aphid is a defensive predator containing allyl isothiocyanates. We conjecture that the larvae fed on the most suitable prey or abundant prey have better functional response than those fed in the absence of the prey under the experimental predatory condition. However, the slope of the functional response curve of the ladybug on the radish aphid was lower than that on the peanut aphid. [methods] the 4th instar larvae of ladybird were collected from the feeding conditions (lack of prey / optimal lack of prey / abundant arrest). A sudden shift to different test conditions (a severe lack of prey / secondary moderate prey / most moderate prey / rich predator), [results] although the predatory resources changed, the 4th instar larvae of ladybug showed type 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2289590