【摘要】：在土壤中添加不同用量(0、1%、2%和4%)豬糞進(jìn)行土壤培養(yǎng)和荔枝盆栽試驗(yàn),研究來自豬糞的抗生素(金霉素、強(qiáng)力霉素)在土壤360 d內(nèi)的降解動(dòng)態(tài)和土壤酶活性的變化,并探討不同時(shí)間(153 d和210 d)收獲的荔枝植株吸收兩種抗生素能力變化。結(jié)果表明:施用豬糞顯著提高土壤兩種抗生素含量(P0.05),金霉素和強(qiáng)力霉素在土壤中的半衰期分別為26.84 d和58.89 d;施入豬糞可提高土壤過氧化氫酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性。當(dāng)豬糞施用量為1%和2%時(shí),土壤3種酶活性與金霉素和強(qiáng)力霉素含量為顯著正相關(guān)(P0.05)。隨荔枝生長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),植株金霉素含量顯著提高,但與豬糞用量關(guān)系不大;植株強(qiáng)力霉素含量隨豬糞用量增加而顯著提高,但隨荔枝生長(zhǎng)被生物量稀釋而下降。金霉素在植株體內(nèi)向上轉(zhuǎn)移能力較強(qiáng)(轉(zhuǎn)移系數(shù)0.595~0.789),強(qiáng)力霉素則很弱(轉(zhuǎn)移系數(shù)0.01)。收獲荔枝植株后,根際土壤兩種抗生素的累積也與豬糞用量正相關(guān)。荔枝為多年生果樹,如長(zhǎng)期連續(xù)大量施用此類禽畜糞肥,可能造成抗生素在果園土壤的累積,荔枝果實(shí)存在吸收抗生素、尤其是金霉素的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:Soil culture and litchi pot experiment were carried out by adding different amounts of pig manure (0 1% and 4%) to the soil to study the degradation dynamics and soil enzyme activity of antibiotics (chlortetracycline doxycycline) from pig manure within 360 days. The ability of litchi plants harvested at different time (153 d and 210 d) to absorb two kinds of antibiotics was studied. The results showed that the application of pig manure significantly increased the content of two antibiotics (P0.05), the half-life of chlortetracycline and doxycycline in soil was 26.84 days and 58.89 days, respectively, and the activities of catalase, urease and acid phosphatase were increased by applying pig manure. When the dosage of pig manure was 1% and 2%, the activities of three enzymes were positively correlated with the contents of chlortetracycline and doxycycline (P0.05). The content of chlortetracycline increased significantly with the increase of litchi growth time, but had little relationship with the amount of pig manure, while the content of doxycycline increased significantly with the increase of pig manure, but decreased with the dilution of litchi growth by biomass. The ability of chlortetracycline to transfer in vivo was stronger (transfer coefficient was 0.5950.789), but doxycycline was weak (transfer coefficient 0.01). After harvest of litchi plant, the accumulation of two antibiotics in rhizosphere soil was also positively correlated with the amount of pig manure. Litchi is a perennial fruit tree, if the livestock manure is applied continuously for a long time, it may cause the accumulation of antibiotics in the orchard soil, and the litchi fruit has the risk of absorbing antibiotics, especially chlortetracycline.
【作者單位】： 華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(CARS 33-08) 廣東省省級(jí)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014A020208095)~~
【分類號(hào)】：X713

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