廢棄紙尿褲中水肥的生物可利用性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-16 11:37
【摘要】：本文以小麥、大豆和白菜等作物為研究對象,研究紙尿褲中所吸附水肥對植物種子萌發(fā)及植株生長的影響,從紙尿褲土地利用前后土壤結(jié)構(gòu)及其理化性質(zhì)變化的角度闡釋其所含水肥的利用情況;以此為基礎(chǔ),研究了土壤酶活性以及土壤微生物數(shù)量對紙尿褲施用的響應(yīng),探討了廢棄紙尿褲中水肥的生物利用可行性。小麥種子的吸水力實驗表明紙尿褲能否給種子萌發(fā)供水由外界環(huán)境條件決定。紙尿褲中肥料濃度高時,很容易造成燒苗,若稀釋10倍,小麥的發(fā)芽率沒有提高,但發(fā)芽指數(shù)以及活力指數(shù)顯著提高,因此,吸肥紙尿褲對種子發(fā)芽率沒有影響,但是對發(fā)芽指數(shù)以及活力指數(shù)具有積極作用,為后期小麥的移栽存活率提供保障。紙尿褲土地施用方式對植株的生長具有顯著影響,其中以與土壤混合方式最佳,掩埋次之,然后是表面覆蓋。紙尿褲投加量達到0.6%,與空白對照組相比,小麥地上部分干物質(zhì)變化最顯著,增加達4.2g。紙尿褲投加模式對小麥根長變化顯著:掩埋模式下根長變短;混合模式下根長出現(xiàn)倍數(shù)變長。對小麥干根重為:混合外鋪掩埋,且隨水肥含量增加而增加。綜合表明:混合模式為最佳模式,0.6%-0.8%為紙尿褲的最佳投加量,隨水肥含量增加小麥各項生長指標增加,說明在水肥含量沒有達到燒苗程度,紙尿褲中水肥的增加對小麥的生長有利。施用紙尿褲能改善土壤的水分蒸發(fā)性能、膨脹性能和保溫作用;紙尿褲投加量超過0.8%時,對土壤pH值無顯著影響;隨紙尿褲中水肥含量增加,土壤中水解性氮含量顯著增加,因此,紙尿褲中的肥料對土壤肥力產(chǎn)生積極效應(yīng)。WSAP(含肥紙尿褲)和FSAP(含肥紙尿褲)處理的3大類微生物種群數(shù)量均有不同程度的提高,FSAP處理微生物的數(shù)量達到最大。WSAP和FSAP處理情況下,土壤脲酶、過氧化氫酶、酸性磷酸酶和轉(zhuǎn)化酶的活性都有不同程度提高,且脲酶提高幅度最大。各種紙尿褲處理的微生物量碳、微生物量氮和微生物量碳/微生物量氮的值與CK相比均未達到顯著性差異。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of water and fertilizer adsorbed in diapers on seed germination and plant growth of wheat, soybean and cabbage were studied. From the point of view of the changes of soil structure and physical and chemical properties before and after land use of diapers, the utilization of soil water and fertilizer was explained, and the response of soil enzyme activity and soil microbial quantity to the application of diapers was studied. The feasibility of biological utilization of water and fertilizer in waste diapers was discussed. The water absorption experiments of wheat seeds showed that the water supply of diapers to seed germination was determined by the external environment. When the concentration of fertilizer in diapers is high, it is easy to burn seedlings. If diluted by 10 times, the germination rate of wheat did not increase, but the germination index and vigor index increased significantly. Therefore, the germination rate of seeds was not affected by diapers. But it has a positive effect on germination index and vigor index, which can guarantee the survival rate of late wheat transplanting. The soil application of diapers had a significant effect on the growth of the plants, among which the best way was mixed with soil, followed by burying, then surface covering. Compared with the blank control group, the dry matter of the aboveground part of wheat increased by 4.2 g. The root length of wheat was significantly changed by diaper adding mode: the root length became shorter in buried mode and the multiple in root length became longer in mixed mode. The dry root weight of wheat was mixed and buried, and increased with the increase of water and fertilizer content. The results showed that the mixed model was the best model and 0.6-0.8% was the best dosage of diapers. The growth indexes of wheat increased with the increase of water and fertilizer content, which indicated that the content of water and fertilizer did not reach the level of burning seedling. The increase of water and fertilizer in diapers is beneficial to the growth of wheat. The application of diapers can improve the soil moisture evaporation performance, swelling performance and heat preservation; when the diaper dosage exceeds 0.8, the soil pH value is not significantly affected; with the increase of water and fertilizer content in the diaper, the hydrolytic nitrogen content in the soil increases significantly. therefore Positive effects of Fertilizer on soil Fertility in diapers (. WSAP () and FSAP (diaper containing Fertilizer) treatments increased the number of three major microbes in varying degrees, and the number of microbes treated with FSAP reached the maximum. Under the conditions of WSAP and FSAP treatments, the number of microbes increased in different degrees. The activities of urease, catalase, acid phosphatase and invertase in soil were all increased to some extent, and urease activity was the largest. The values of microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon / microbial biomass nitrogen of various diapers were not significantly different from those of CK.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S14;X705
本文編號：2274238
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of water and fertilizer adsorbed in diapers on seed germination and plant growth of wheat, soybean and cabbage were studied. From the point of view of the changes of soil structure and physical and chemical properties before and after land use of diapers, the utilization of soil water and fertilizer was explained, and the response of soil enzyme activity and soil microbial quantity to the application of diapers was studied. The feasibility of biological utilization of water and fertilizer in waste diapers was discussed. The water absorption experiments of wheat seeds showed that the water supply of diapers to seed germination was determined by the external environment. When the concentration of fertilizer in diapers is high, it is easy to burn seedlings. If diluted by 10 times, the germination rate of wheat did not increase, but the germination index and vigor index increased significantly. Therefore, the germination rate of seeds was not affected by diapers. But it has a positive effect on germination index and vigor index, which can guarantee the survival rate of late wheat transplanting. The soil application of diapers had a significant effect on the growth of the plants, among which the best way was mixed with soil, followed by burying, then surface covering. Compared with the blank control group, the dry matter of the aboveground part of wheat increased by 4.2 g. The root length of wheat was significantly changed by diaper adding mode: the root length became shorter in buried mode and the multiple in root length became longer in mixed mode. The dry root weight of wheat was mixed and buried, and increased with the increase of water and fertilizer content. The results showed that the mixed model was the best model and 0.6-0.8% was the best dosage of diapers. The growth indexes of wheat increased with the increase of water and fertilizer content, which indicated that the content of water and fertilizer did not reach the level of burning seedling. The increase of water and fertilizer in diapers is beneficial to the growth of wheat. The application of diapers can improve the soil moisture evaporation performance, swelling performance and heat preservation; when the diaper dosage exceeds 0.8, the soil pH value is not significantly affected; with the increase of water and fertilizer content in the diaper, the hydrolytic nitrogen content in the soil increases significantly. therefore Positive effects of Fertilizer on soil Fertility in diapers (. WSAP () and FSAP (diaper containing Fertilizer) treatments increased the number of three major microbes in varying degrees, and the number of microbes treated with FSAP reached the maximum. Under the conditions of WSAP and FSAP treatments, the number of microbes increased in different degrees. The activities of urease, catalase, acid phosphatase and invertase in soil were all increased to some extent, and urease activity was the largest. The values of microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon / microbial biomass nitrogen of various diapers were not significantly different from those of CK.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S14;X705
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