極淺型潛流人工濕地改良風沙土時水力負荷的優(yōu)化
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-08 15:30
【摘要】：對極淺型潛流人工濕地在同步處理城市污水和改良風沙土的關(guān)鍵運行參數(shù)即濕地水力負荷進行了研究,同時探討了濕地填料風沙土中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的富集特性。試驗系統(tǒng)位于西安市某污水處理廠內(nèi),極淺型潛流人工濕地填料床深0.1 m,種植植物分別為高羊茅、黑麥草、狗牙根、蘆葦和香蒲;對照組分別為1組填料床深0.1 m,填料同為風沙土、無栽培植物的慢速滲濾土地處理系統(tǒng)和2組填料床深0.6m濕地。0.6 m濕地的種植植物為狗牙根、高羊茅、黑麥草混種和蘆葦、香蒲混種。試驗系統(tǒng)進水為污水廠初沉池出水。主要研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)極淺型潛流濕地夏季和冬季水力負荷的優(yōu)化;(2)各濕地長期運行出水水質(zhì)和風沙土中有機質(zhì)、全氮和全磷的變化特征;(3)系統(tǒng)碳、氮和磷的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律。主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)夏季,極淺型潛流濕地正常運行、不出現(xiàn)局部漫流現(xiàn)象的最優(yōu)水力負荷的上限為15 mm/d,其能維持正常運行水位的下限為7.5 mm/d。冬季,可滿足濕地出水達標排放的上限為7.5 mm/d(其中COD和TN達到一級B、TP達到二級排放標準)。(2)0.1 m各濕地出水COD、TN和TP濃度均極顯著低于原水(P=0.0000.01),其平均去除率分別在74.39%、68.60%和64.78%之上;0.1 m土地處理系統(tǒng)出水水質(zhì)差,在運行2個月后即出現(xiàn)堵塞現(xiàn)象,需定期進行人工疏通;0.6 m濕地在運行8個月后出現(xiàn)堵塞,導致濕地運行方式由潛流轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸砻媪鳌?3)各濕地風沙土中有機質(zhì)、全氮和全磷含量與原土相比有極顯著性差異(P=0.0000.01),表明各濕地有機質(zhì)、全氮和全磷均有顯著性增長,說明濕地可快速富集營養(yǎng)物質(zhì),有利于風沙土的快速改良。(4)0.1 m各濕地對COD、TN和TP處理效果好,長期運行穩(wěn)定,且對風沙土中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的富集速率較高,能夠同步實現(xiàn)風沙土快速改良和污水凈化的效果。(5)以黑麥草、高羊茅作為濕地栽培作物,具有較強的適應性,冬季仍能表現(xiàn)出旺盛的生長能力,且能夠在風沙土表面形成一層致密的根系網(wǎng),利于風沙土的固定,因此,可作為風沙土改良的優(yōu)選植物。(6)通過對極淺型潛流濕地系統(tǒng)碳、氮和磷的物料平衡分析可知:微生物的降解作用是濕地除碳的主要途徑。微生物的硝化和反硝化作用是濕地脫氮的最主要途徑,其次是填料的富集作用,植物吸收作用只占2.05%~11.35%。填料富集作用是人工濕地系統(tǒng)除磷的主要途徑,此外,植物吸收以及微生物同化作用也可去除少量的磷。
[Abstract]:The key operating parameters of the extremely shallow subsurface flow constructed wetland in simultaneous treatment of municipal sewage and improved wind-sand soil, I. e., the hydraulic load of the wetland, were studied. The enrichment characteristics of nutrients in the wind-sand soil filled with the wetland were also discussed. The test system is located in a sewage treatment plant in Xi'an. The filling bed depth of very shallow subsurface flow constructed wetland is 0.1 m. The planting plants are tall fescue, ryegrass, dogtooth, Reed and cattail respectively. In the control group, the filling bed depth was 0.1 m, the filling was wind sand soil, the slow infiltration land treatment system without cultivated plants, and the planting plants of the 0.6 m wetland with 0.6 m bed depth in the two groups were dogtooth, tall fescue, ryegrass mixed species and Reed. A mixture of cattails. The influent of the test system is the effluent of the primary settling tank of the wastewater treatment plant. The main research contents are as follows: (1) optimization of hydraulic load in summer and winter of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland; (2) variation characteristics of effluent water quality and organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in aeolian sandy soil in long-term operation of each wetland; (3) migration and transformation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the system. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in summer, the upper limit of optimal hydraulic load of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland is 15 mm/d, and the lower limit of maintaining normal operating water level is 7.5 mm/d.. Winter, The upper limit to meet the discharge standard of wetland effluent was 7.5 mm/d (where COD and TN reached the second class). (2 discharge standard). The effluent COD,TN and TP concentrations of each wetland were significantly lower than that of raw water (P0. 0000. 01), and the average removal rates were above 74.39% and 64.78%, respectively. The effluent quality of 0.1 m land treatment system is poor. After 2 months of operation, the phenomenon of blockage occurs, and it is necessary to conduct manual dredging of 0.6 m wetland regularly after 8 months of operation, which results in the change of wetland operation mode from subsurface flow to surface flow. (3) Organic matter in the sandy soil of each wetland is changed from subsurface flow to surface flow. The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were significantly different from those of the original soil (P0. 0000.01), which indicated that the organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the wetland increased significantly, indicating that the wetland could rapidly enrich nutrients. It is beneficial to the rapid improvement of wind-sand soil. (4) 0.1 m wetland has good effect on COD,TN and TP treatment, stable operation for a long time, and high enrichment rate of nutrients in wind-sand soil. The effects of rapid improvement of wind-sand soil and purification of sewage can be achieved simultaneously. (5) using ryegrass and tall fescue as cultivation crops in wetland has strong adaptability, and still shows strong growth ability in winter. And it can form a dense root net on the surface of wind-sand soil, which is beneficial to the fixation of wind-sand soil. Therefore, it can be used as an excellent plant for improving wind-sand soil. (6) the carbon of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland system, The material balance analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus shows that the degradation of microorganisms is the main way to remove carbon from wetland. Nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms were the main way of denitrification in wetland, followed by enrichment of fillers, and plant absorption accounted for only 2.05% 11.35%. The enrichment of fillers is the main way to remove phosphorus in constructed wetland system. In addition, plant absorption and microbial assimilation can also remove a small amount of phosphorus.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S156
本文編號：2230933
[Abstract]:The key operating parameters of the extremely shallow subsurface flow constructed wetland in simultaneous treatment of municipal sewage and improved wind-sand soil, I. e., the hydraulic load of the wetland, were studied. The enrichment characteristics of nutrients in the wind-sand soil filled with the wetland were also discussed. The test system is located in a sewage treatment plant in Xi'an. The filling bed depth of very shallow subsurface flow constructed wetland is 0.1 m. The planting plants are tall fescue, ryegrass, dogtooth, Reed and cattail respectively. In the control group, the filling bed depth was 0.1 m, the filling was wind sand soil, the slow infiltration land treatment system without cultivated plants, and the planting plants of the 0.6 m wetland with 0.6 m bed depth in the two groups were dogtooth, tall fescue, ryegrass mixed species and Reed. A mixture of cattails. The influent of the test system is the effluent of the primary settling tank of the wastewater treatment plant. The main research contents are as follows: (1) optimization of hydraulic load in summer and winter of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland; (2) variation characteristics of effluent water quality and organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in aeolian sandy soil in long-term operation of each wetland; (3) migration and transformation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the system. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in summer, the upper limit of optimal hydraulic load of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland is 15 mm/d, and the lower limit of maintaining normal operating water level is 7.5 mm/d.. Winter, The upper limit to meet the discharge standard of wetland effluent was 7.5 mm/d (where COD and TN reached the second class). (2 discharge standard). The effluent COD,TN and TP concentrations of each wetland were significantly lower than that of raw water (P0. 0000. 01), and the average removal rates were above 74.39% and 64.78%, respectively. The effluent quality of 0.1 m land treatment system is poor. After 2 months of operation, the phenomenon of blockage occurs, and it is necessary to conduct manual dredging of 0.6 m wetland regularly after 8 months of operation, which results in the change of wetland operation mode from subsurface flow to surface flow. (3) Organic matter in the sandy soil of each wetland is changed from subsurface flow to surface flow. The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were significantly different from those of the original soil (P0. 0000.01), which indicated that the organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the wetland increased significantly, indicating that the wetland could rapidly enrich nutrients. It is beneficial to the rapid improvement of wind-sand soil. (4) 0.1 m wetland has good effect on COD,TN and TP treatment, stable operation for a long time, and high enrichment rate of nutrients in wind-sand soil. The effects of rapid improvement of wind-sand soil and purification of sewage can be achieved simultaneously. (5) using ryegrass and tall fescue as cultivation crops in wetland has strong adaptability, and still shows strong growth ability in winter. And it can form a dense root net on the surface of wind-sand soil, which is beneficial to the fixation of wind-sand soil. Therefore, it can be used as an excellent plant for improving wind-sand soil. (6) the carbon of extremely shallow subsurface flow wetland system, The material balance analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus shows that the degradation of microorganisms is the main way to remove carbon from wetland. Nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms were the main way of denitrification in wetland, followed by enrichment of fillers, and plant absorption accounted for only 2.05% 11.35%. The enrichment of fillers is the main way to remove phosphorus in constructed wetland system. In addition, plant absorption and microbial assimilation can also remove a small amount of phosphorus.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S156
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