【摘要】：為研究免耕條件下輪胎壓實(shí)對(duì)土壤物理特性及作物根系的影響,于2013—2016年在河北涿州免耕試驗(yàn)田設(shè)置免耕(NT)、免耕深松(STNT)、免耕壓實(shí)(CNT)和免耕壓實(shí)深松(CSNT)4種處理,分析4種處理對(duì)土壤水穩(wěn)團(tuán)聚體、土壤容重、土壤緊實(shí)度、作物根系生長的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在3年的試驗(yàn)周期內(nèi),CNT處理對(duì)大團(tuán)聚體含量的影響具有累積效應(yīng),隨著耕作時(shí)間的增加,CNT處理各土層土壤大團(tuán)聚體含量逐漸減小,在深度上CNT處理對(duì)大團(tuán)聚體含量的影響深度逐漸增加,且CNT處理能夠顯著減小土壤團(tuán)聚體平均質(zhì)量直徑(MWD);10~40 cm土層,CNT處理土壤容重明顯高于NT、STNT、CSNT處理;0~30 cm土壤緊實(shí)度由大到小表現(xiàn)為:CNT、NT、CSNT、STNT,CNT處理平均土壤緊實(shí)度分別比NT、CSNT、STNT處理大38.2%、58.9%、59.4%;0~20 cm土層CNT處理玉米平均根系質(zhì)量百分比分別比NT、STNT、CSNT處理大24.0%、24.9%、19.3%(P0.05),CNT處理20~40 cm土層平均根系質(zhì)量百分比僅有11.6%;CNT、NT、STNT、CSNT處理小麥平均最大根長密度分別為0.63、0.83、0.84、0.83 cm/cm3。免耕條件下輪胎壓實(shí)對(duì)土壤物理特性及作物根系生長影響顯著,深松技術(shù)能夠顯著緩解壓實(shí),未受輪胎壓實(shí)的免耕區(qū)域雖然能夠增加土壤容重、緊實(shí)度,但影響不顯著,短期內(nèi)不需采取疏松措施。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of tire compaction on soil physical characteristics and crop root system under no-tillage condition, four treatments were set up in Hebei Zhuozhou No-tillage experiment Field from 2013-2016 to include no-tillage (NT), deep no-tillage, (STNT), no-tillage compaction, (CNT), and no-tillage compaction, (CSNT). The effects of four treatments on soil water stable aggregates, soil bulk density, soil compactness and crop root growth were analyzed. The results showed that the effect of CNT treatment on the content of large aggregates was cumulative in three years, and decreased with the increase of tillage time. In depth, the effect of CNT treatment on the content of large aggregates increased gradually, The soil bulk density of CNT treatment was significantly higher than that of NT,STNT,CSNT treatment (0 ~ 30 cm), showing that the average soil compactness of CNT treatment was higher than that of NT,CSNT,STNT treatment respectively, and the average soil mass diameter of CNT treatment was significantly lower than that of NT,STNT,CSNT treatment (10 ~ (10) ~ (40) cm). The average soil compactness of CNT treatment was higher than that of NT,CSNT,STNT treatment, respectively. The average root mass percentage of corn treated with CNT was 19.3% higher than that of NT,STNT,CSNT treatment (P0.05). The average root mass percentage of 2040 cm treated with CNT was only 11.6CNT NTT and 0.83 cm/cm3., respectively. The effect of tire compaction on soil physical characteristics and crop root growth was significant under no-tillage condition. Deep loosening technology could significantly alleviate compaction. Although no-tillage area without tire compaction could increase soil bulk density and compaction degree, the effect was not significant. There is no need for loose measures in the short term.
【作者單位】： 中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0700301) 江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備與技術(shù)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心項(xiàng)目(NZXT02201601)
【分類號(hào)】：S152;S311

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