【摘要】：淤地壩是黃土高原重要的水土保持工程措施。隨著淤地壩庫容內(nèi)淤積的泥沙逐年增加,在攔蓄等量洪水時,水位就會隨著淤積的增加而增加,進(jìn)而使淤地壩內(nèi)滲流浸潤線抬升,滲透坡降增大。當(dāng)滲透坡降大于淤地壩筑壩土料的臨界滲透坡降時,就會發(fā)生滲透形變,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致淤地壩的滲透破壞,滲透破壞是黃土高原淤地壩常見的破壞形式之一。開展淤地壩滲透分析研究,對于探索和解釋淤地壩內(nèi)滲流場分布、滲流場影響因素,防止淤地壩滲透破壞,進(jìn)行水土保持和指導(dǎo)淤地壩工程設(shè)計具有重要意義和實用價值。本文采用公式法、有限元法和ANSYS CFX軟件,研究了不同方法、不同淤積年限和狹窄溝道地形對淤地壩內(nèi)滲流浸潤線、滲透坡降和滲流出逸點的影響等問題,并得出了以下結(jié)論:1、基于ANSYS Workbench平臺的CFX流體數(shù)值仿真分析技術(shù)效果最佳。分析對比公式法、理正有限元法、ANSYS CFX法:公式法在分析過程中,最為傳統(tǒng),也是目前認(rèn)知力度最好的方法,但是該方法采用的是傳統(tǒng)的解方程的方法,難以應(yīng)對各向異性土層,對多種類型土層兼容性較差。理正有限元法方法新穎,操作簡便,但是仍然沒有三維分析功能,更沒有全地形淤地壩滲流場建模能力。只有ANSYS CFX中存在全地形淤地壩滲流場分析能力,且對應(yīng)的精度較高。2、在洪水總量不變的情況下,隨著淤地壩內(nèi)的淤積量增加,淤地壩滲流出逸點,滲透坡降都會增大,且增大的幅度較大。這對于淤地壩的滲透穩(wěn)定有不利影響,因此在對淤地壩進(jìn)行設(shè)計時,必須進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的計算與校核,在必要的情況下,設(shè)計相應(yīng)的排水措施和反濾體,以降低壩體內(nèi)的浸潤線。3、溝道形狀對淤地壩有一定的影響(本例中為17.78%)。這種影響主要表現(xiàn)為3個方面,(1)抬升作用,溝道兩側(cè)的岸坡提升了底部高程,從而使淤地壩內(nèi)滲流場高度提升;(2)阻擋作用,溝道兩側(cè)岸坡如果存在凹陷,在水位低的時候作用相當(dāng)于水池,可以阻擋水流通過,在水位高的時候作用相當(dāng)于寬頂堰,降低浸潤線高度;(3)匯聚作用,使水流沿岸坡下降的方向,向溝道中心線方向匯聚,增大中心線方向上的滲流出逸點高程。
[Abstract]:Silt dam is an important engineering measure of soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau. With the increase of silt in silt dam, the water level will increase with the increase of siltation, and then the seepage line will rise and the seepage slope will increase. When the seepage slope is larger than the critical seepage slope of soil material for dam construction, seepage deformation will occur, which will lead to seepage failure of silt dam, which is one of the common failure forms of silt dam in the Loess Plateau. The research on seepage analysis of silt dam is of great significance and practical value in exploring and explaining the distribution of seepage field in silt dam, influencing factors of seepage field, preventing seepage damage of silt dam, carrying out soil and water conservation and guiding silt dam engineering design. By using formula method, finite element method and ANSYS CFX software, the influence of different methods, different siltation years and narrow channel topography on seepage line, seepage gradient and seepage escape point in silt dam are studied. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: 1. The CFX fluid numerical simulation based on ANSYS Workbench is the best. In the process of analysis, the formula method is the most traditional and the best method of cognition at present, but the traditional method of solving equations is adopted in this method, so it is difficult to deal with anisotropic soil layer. Poor compatibility for many types of soil layers. The straightening finite element method is novel and easy to operate, but it still does not have the function of three-dimensional analysis and the ability of modeling the seepage field of a full-terrain silt dam. Only ANSYS CFX has the ability to analyze the seepage field of the whole terrain silt dam, and the corresponding accuracy is higher. When the total flood amount is constant, the seepage escape point of the silt dam will increase, and the seepage slope will increase with the increase of the siltation quantity in the silt dam. And the amplitude of the increase is larger. This has an adverse effect on the seepage stability of silt dams. Therefore, when designing silt dams, they must be calculated and checked accordingly, and, if necessary, the corresponding drainage measures and filters should be designed. In order to reduce the infiltration line. 3 in the dam body, the channel shape has certain influence on the silt dam (in this case, 17.78%). This effect is mainly manifested in three aspects: (1) uplifting, raising the bottom elevation of the bank slope on both sides of the channel, thus elevating the height of seepage field in the silt dam; (2) blocking effect, if there is a depression on the bank slope on both sides of the channel, When the water level is low, it acts as a pool, which can block the passage of water, and when the water level is high, it acts as a wide top Weir and reduces the height of the infiltrating line; (3) the converging effect causes the direction of the slope along the river to fall, and converges to the direction of the central line of the channel. Increase the height of the escape point in the direction of the center line.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S157.31

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張志勇;;山西省扎實開展淤地壩工程前期工作[J];中國水土保持;2007年07期

2 ;毫不動搖地抓好淤地壩工程建設(shè)質(zhì)量[J];山西水土保持科技;2007年03期

3 趙利清;阿木古楞;;認(rèn)識淤地壩 支持淤地壩建設(shè)[J];內(nèi)蒙古水利;2007年04期

4 ;落實責(zé)任 強(qiáng)化措施 確保淤地壩工程安全度汛[J];中國水土保持;2008年06期

5 ;確保淤地壩工程安全度汛[J];山西水土保持科技;2008年02期

6 ;張健副廳長在運城市檢查督導(dǎo)淤地壩防汛[J];山西水土保持科技;2008年02期

7 朱煊?xùn)|;李自振;王權(quán);;黃河水土保持生態(tài)工程淤地壩監(jiān)理的總結(jié)與討論[J];科技信息;2008年26期

8 ;采取有效措施確保淤地壩工程安全運行[J];山西水土保持科技;2009年01期

9 張健;;抓好關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié) 確保淤地壩安全運行[J];中國水土保持;2010年07期

10 李曉堅;;山西省淤地壩運行管理現(xiàn)狀分析[J];中國水土保持;2011年06期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 潘建平;;淤地壩相對穩(wěn)定探討[A];中國水土保持探索與實踐——小流域可持續(xù)發(fā)展研討會論文集[C];2005年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條

1 記者 秦延安;陜西1年建成淤地壩1100座[N];中國水利報;2007年

2 記者 秦延安;陜西 為病險淤地壩“把脈開方”[N];中國水利報;2009年

3 記者 汪棟;甘肅 切實加強(qiáng)淤地壩安全管理[N];中國水利報;2009年

4 蘇明;淤地壩激活山區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)[N];中國水利報;2003年

5 青海省水土保持局;青海：全面落實水保淤地壩防汛工作[N];中國水利報;2008年

6 記者 汪棟 通訊員 張金芳;甘肅狠抓淤地壩安全度汛[N];中國水利報;2011年

7 秦鴻儒;黃河防總強(qiáng)調(diào)做好淤地壩防汛工作[N];黃河報;2012年

8 黨維勤;夯實防汛基礎(chǔ) 打贏淤地壩度汛硬仗[N];黃河報;2012年

9 記者 王洪斌;山西“十一五”將建萬座淤地壩 前期工作扎實推進(jìn)[N];中國水利報;2007年

10 本報記者 孫太e，

本文編號：2128360