本文選題：采氣污泥 + 風(fēng)險評估　； 參考：《中國環(huán)境科學(xué)研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)變化,天然氣開采量逐年遞增,開采天然氣過程中產(chǎn)生大量泥漿、巖屑及壓裂返排液污泥等固體廢棄物,目前處理技術(shù)方法為露天堆放,缺乏有效處理技術(shù)方法。為解決中石化內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)天然氣開采壓裂返排液污泥(簡稱:采氣污泥)難處理的困境,參考城市污泥等固體廢棄物處理處置方法,資源化利用是普遍認可度高的處理方式,其中污泥還田還林、園林土地利用是資源化主要方式之一。大量研究證實城市污泥能提高土壤養(yǎng)分含量,改良土壤結(jié)構(gòu),促進植物生長,但是對于采氣污泥成分、改良土壤效果及對植物影響方面的研究鮮有報道。因此,本文以毛烏素沙地土壤、中石化內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)天然氣開采壓裂返排液污泥、鄂爾多斯市東勝區(qū)北郊水質(zhì)凈化廠生活污泥和3種植物(沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、黑麥草(LoliumperenneL.)和苜蓿(Medicago falcata L.)]為研究對象,利用盆栽試驗,分別設(shè)置不同劑量采氣污泥,C0作為對照,采氣污泥施用量分別為2.5%、5%、10%、15%、20%,生活污泥施用量為固定值(10%)。研究采氣污泥物質(zhì)特性;采氣污泥施入后沙地土壤物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì)變化;采氣污泥對植物生長影響;采氣污泥+生活污泥對植物生長影響。試驗結(jié)果如下:①采氣污泥中重金屬含量低,m(Cr)、m(Cd)和m(Pb)分別為35.19、0.18、5.5mg/kg,多環(huán)芳烴類(PAHs)未檢出,有機質(zhì)和總氮(TN)、總磷(TP)、總鉀(TK)營養(yǎng)元素含量不高,分別為1.46%、0.32%、0.09%、0.15%,鹽分含量為0.12%;重金屬風(fēng)險評估結(jié)果顯示,Cr、Cd、Pb的Igeo值分別為-0.76、-8.69、-2.20,無污染風(fēng)險,Se和Ba的Igeo值分別為0.02和0.91,有輕度環(huán)境污染風(fēng)險。②采氣污泥可以提高沙土最大持水量、增強土壤保水能力和增加沙土孔隙度,降低沙土容重。采氣污泥施入量為5%時,土壤最大持水量、土壤保水能力和孔隙度分別相應(yīng)提高了 74.41%、14.29%和 4.35%。③ 低濃度采氣污泥(2.5%)處理能使沙蒿、黑麥草和苜蓿種子萌發(fā)率分別提高7.38%、3.61%和8.20%,高濃度污泥(2.5%)則表現(xiàn)為抑制作用。④從采氣污泥對沙蒿、黑麥草和苜蓿株高、根長和生物量的影響,確定沙蒿、黑麥草和苜蓿相應(yīng)污泥適宜施用量分別為≤5%、≤5%和2.5%;從采氣污泥和生活污泥混合基質(zhì)對沙蒿、黑麥草和苜蓿株高和生物量的影響,確定沙蒿、黑麥草和苜蓿相應(yīng)污泥適宜施用量分別為≤10%、≤10%和5%。研究顯示,荒漠區(qū)植物耐受采氣污泥濃度較低,可采取去污染物和篩選耐性植物等技術(shù)來提高用量。
[Abstract]:With the change of energy structure in China, the amount of natural gas exploitation is increasing year by year. During the process of exploiting natural gas, a large number of solid wastes, such as mud, cuttings and fracturing fluid sludge, are produced. At present, the treatment technology is open-air stacking. Lack of effective processing techniques. In order to solve the difficult problem of refractory treatment of natural gas fracturing fluid sludge in Inner Mongolia region of Sinopec, referring to the disposal method of solid waste such as municipal sludge, resource utilization is a generally accepted treatment method. Among them, sludge returning to field and forest, garden land use is one of the main ways of resource utilization. A large number of studies have proved that urban sludge can improve soil nutrient content, improve soil structure and promote plant growth. However, there are few reports on the composition of gas recovery sludge, the effect of improving soil and the effect on plants. Therefore, in this paper, the soil of Maowusu sandy land, natural gas of Sinopec Inner Mongolia region, sewage sludge from fracturing fluid, sewage sludge from water quality purification plant in the northern suburb of Dongsheng District, Ordos City, and three kinds of plants (Artemisia desertorum), ryegrass (Loliumperenne L.) And Medicago falcata L.] In order to study object, pot experiment was used to set up different dosage of aerated sludge (C _ 0) as control. The amount of gas _ producing sludge was 2.5% and 10 ~ 10 ~ (15) ~ 20% respectively, and the amount of domestic sludge was fixed value (10%). The physical and chemical properties of soil in sandy land after aeration sludge application were studied. The effects of gas production sludge on plant growth and life sludge on plant growth were studied. The results were as follows: the contents of heavy metals were 35.19 ~ 0.185.5 mg 路kg ~ (-1), and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) were not high in the aerated sludge, the contents of heavy metals were 35.19 ~ 0.185.5mg / kg, respectively, and the contents of PAHs were not high, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) were not high. The results of heavy metal risk assessment showed that the Igeo values of Cr-Cr-CdPh were -0.76- 8.69 ~ 2.20, the Igeo values of non-polluting se and Ba were 0.02 and 0.91, respectively, and the maximum water holding capacity of sandy soil was increased by using gas sludge with mild environmental pollution risk. Enhance soil water retention capacity and increase sand porosity, reduce sand bulk density. The maximum soil water holding capacity, soil water retention capacity and porosity were increased by 74.41% and 4.35.3% (2.5%), respectively. The germination rate of ryegrass and alfalfa seeds increased by 7.38% and 8.20%, respectively, and the high concentration sludge (2.5%) showed inhibitory effect on Artemisia annua, ryegrass and alfalfa plant height, root length and biomass. The appropriate amount of sludge applied in ryegrass and alfalfa was 鈮，

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