本文選題：稻麥輪作 + 控釋肥摻混比例�。� 參考：《植物營養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào)》2017年01期

【摘要】：【目的】研究控釋肥與尿素?fù)交毂壤龑ν寥赖考暗钧湲a(chǎn)量和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的影響,旨在篩選綜合效果最佳摻混比例,為稻麥輪作區(qū)控釋氮肥推廣應(yīng)用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)�！痉椒ā坎捎玫钧溳喿鲀杉咀魑锎筇镌囼�(yàn),以常規(guī)尿素施肥為對照,在稻、麥季施氮量均為150 kg/hm~2的水平下,設(shè)定添加控釋氮肥比例0、10%、20%、40%、80%、100%6個(gè)處理,分別記為T1、T2、T3、T4、T5和T6。除T1(100%尿素)分基施和追施,其他處理氮肥均一次性基施。分析了土壤銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮含量,調(diào)查了稻麥株高與生物量、產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成以及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益�！窘Y(jié)果】1)添加20%以上控釋氮肥時(shí)稻麥生育中后期土壤無機(jī)氮含量有顯著提升,以添加40%控釋氮肥(T4)處理效果最明顯。2)與T1相比,添加20%比例以上控釋氮肥,稻麥生育中后期的生物量與成熟期產(chǎn)量均顯著增加,以T4處理產(chǎn)量最高,稻、麥季分別比常規(guī)尿素處理增產(chǎn)11%和14%,顯著提高小麥季穗長19.19%,顯著提高水稻季穗粒數(shù)與千粒重13.79%和8.43%。3)隨添加控釋氮肥比例增加,稻麥季經(jīng)濟(jì)效益均先增加后下降,T4處理經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最佳,較常規(guī)尿素處理,小麥季增收1108.12 yuan/hm~2,提高23.24%,水稻季增收2497.80 yuan/hm~2,提高14.87%�！窘Y(jié)論】以40%控釋氮肥與60%尿素?fù)交煲淮涡曰?可有效增加作物中后期土壤氮素供應(yīng)能力,促進(jìn)稻麥生長并獲得顯著的增產(chǎn)效果,還可減少人工投入或材料成本,有效提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effect of the proportion of controlled release fertilizer and urea on soil nitrogen content, yield and economic benefit of rice and wheat. [methods] the field experiment of rice and wheat rotation was carried out in two crops. Conventional urea fertilization was used as control, and the amount of nitrogen applied in rice and wheat season was 150 kg/hm~2. Set the rate of 0 10%, 20% 20%, 40%, 80% and 100% of the amount of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer added, which are recorded as T1, T2, T3, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively. With the exception of 100% urea (T _ (1) N) and topdressing, all other nitrogen treatments were treated by one-time basal application. The contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil were analyzed. The plant height, biomass, yield composition and economic benefit of rice and wheat were investigated. [results] 1) the content of inorganic nitrogen in rice and wheat increased significantly in the middle and late stage of growth with more than 20% controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. Compared with T1, the biomass and yield of rice and wheat increased significantly in the middle and late growing period of rice and wheat, and the yield of rice and rice was the highest in T4 treatment. Compared with conventional urea treatment, wheat season increased yield by 11% and 14%, significantly increased ear length (19.19%), grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight (1000-grain weight 13.79%) and grain weight (8.43.3%) increased with the addition of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. The economic benefit of rice and wheat increased first and then decreased. Compared with conventional urea treatment, rice and wheat increased 1108.12 yuan / hm ~ (-2), 23.24m ~ (-2), 2497.80 yuan / hm ~ (2) and 14.87% respectively. [conclusion] 40% controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and 60% urea were mixed with one-off basal fertilizer, and the economic benefit of rice and wheat increased by 2497.80 yuan / hm ~ (-2) and 14.87% respectively. [conclusion] 40% controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and 60% urea were mixed with one-off basal application. It can effectively increase the soil nitrogen supply capacity, promote the growth of rice and wheat and obtain a remarkable increase in yield. It can also reduce the cost of labor input or material, and effectively improve the economic benefit.
【作者單位】： 四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源學(xué)院;中國科學(xué)院南京土壤研究所;
【基金】：國家科技支撐計(jì)劃(2013BAD07B13) 四川省科技支撐計(jì)劃(2012JZ0003)資助
【分類號】：S143.1;S511

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