本文選題：秸稈焚燒 + 火點提取�。� 參考：《電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：每年夏秋收獲時期,中國農業(yè)大省的有關政府部門都會采取多種措施監(jiān)測并嚴懲秸稈焚燒行為。利用衛(wèi)星遙感技術監(jiān)測秸稈焚燒可以彌補傳統(tǒng)人工方法的不足,提高監(jiān)測效率并降低成本。本文在總結國內外遙感探火的理論方法及實例應用的基礎上,綜合利用多源衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)和其他輔助數(shù)據(jù)展開河南省2015年秋收時期的秸稈焚燒監(jiān)測研究。本文研究內容如下:(1)秸稈焚燒火點提取方法研究。首先結合風云三號MERSI(Medium Resolution Spectral Imager)影像和美國陸地衛(wèi)星八號星OLI(Operational Land Imager)影像等,采用監(jiān)督分類方法得到河南省的耕地分布信息;其次提出了一種改進的基于風云三號VIRR(Visible and Infrared Radiometer)影像的秸稈焚燒火點提取方法流程;最后以2015年10月1日為例,將提取的秸稈焚燒火點分別與VIRR影像火點目視解譯特征、已知焚燒市縣資料、環(huán)境小衛(wèi)星B星CCD(Charge Coupled Device)影像焚燒跡地目視解譯特征、環(huán)保部秸稈焚燒監(jiān)測日報數(shù)據(jù)進行對比分析,以驗證本文方法的有效性。結果表明,提取的秸稈焚燒火點與驗證數(shù)據(jù)在空間分布上具有很好的一致性:當日秸稈焚燒主要集中在周口市、駐馬店市和開封市,三市秸稈焚燒火點總數(shù)占全省的64.63%,其中周口市秸稈焚燒最嚴重,秸稈焚燒火點個數(shù)占全省總數(shù)的30.49%。(2)秸稈焚燒動態(tài)監(jiān)測研究。首先基于本文秸稈焚燒火點提取方法,利用風云三號VIRR影像提取河南省2015年秋收時期的多日秸稈焚燒火點,與利用同期的MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)熱異常數(shù)據(jù)得到的火點進行對比分析,并利用OLI、CCD等影像的焚燒跡地目視解譯特征驗證火點提取結果。其次,針對秸稈焚燒現(xiàn)象最嚴重的周口地區(qū),綜合利用提取的多日秸稈焚燒火點和空氣質量指數(shù)AQI(Air Quality Index)數(shù)據(jù),采用緩沖區(qū)分析的方法研究局地秸稈焚燒對空氣質量的影響,并分析可能的影響因子。結果表明,提取火點與對比數(shù)據(jù)在時空分布上具有很好的一致性:時間上,秸稈焚燒現(xiàn)象主要集中于9月28日至10月2日,10月9日至10月14日;空間上主要集中于行政區(qū)劃交界的監(jiān)管薄弱地帶,周口、駐馬店、開封、南陽地區(qū)的秸稈焚燒火點占全省火點總數(shù)的72.18%。周口地區(qū)秸稈焚燒火點時空分布與AQI具有中等程度的相關性,受空氣擴散及降雨、風等氣象因子的影響,該市空氣污染存在1至2天的滯后現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:During the summer and autumn harvest period, the relevant government departments in China's major agricultural provinces will take various measures to monitor and severely punish the burning of straw. Using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor straw burning can make up for the shortcomings of traditional artificial methods, improve the efficiency of monitoring and reduce the cost. On the basis of summing up the theory and application of remote sensing fire exploration at home and abroad, this paper makes comprehensive use of multi-source satellite data and other auxiliary data to study the monitoring of straw burning during the 2015 autumn harvest in Henan Province. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) extraction of burning point from straw incineration. Firstly, combining the MERSI(Medium Resolution Spectral Imager image of Fengyun No. 3 and OLI(Operational Land Imager image of American Landsat No. 8, the information of cultivated land distribution in Henan Province is obtained by the method of supervised classification. Secondly, an improved method for extracting the burning point of straw burning based on Fengyun 3 VIRR(Visible and Infrared Radiometer) image is proposed. Finally, taking October 1, 2015 as an example, the extracted burning point of straw is visually interpreted from the fire point of VIRR image. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, the known data of burning cities and counties, the visual interpretation characteristics of CCD(Charge Coupled device images and the monitoring daily data of straw incineration in the Ministry of Environmental Protection were compared and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the method in this paper. The results show that the extracted burning point of straw has good consistency with the verification data in spatial distribution: the burning of straw is mainly concentrated in Zhoukou city, Zhumadian city and Kaifeng city. The total number of burning points of straw in three cities accounted for 64.63 of the whole province, among which the burning of straw in Zhoukou was the most serious, and the number of burning points of straw accounted for 30.49. 2 of the total number of burning points in the whole province. Firstly, based on the method of extracting the burning point of straw in this paper, we use Fengyun 3 VIRR image to extract the multi-day burning point of straw burning in Henan province during the 2015 autumn harvest period, and compare it with the fire point obtained by using the thermal anomaly data of MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) in the same period. The results of fire point extraction were verified by visual interpretation features of OLI CCD images. Secondly, in Zhoukou area, where the phenomenon of straw burning is the most serious, the effects of local straw incineration on air quality are studied by the buffer analysis method using the extracted data of burning point of straw burning and air quality index (AQI(Air Quality Index). The possible influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that there was good consistency between the extraction of fire point and the distribution of contrast data. In time, the phenomenon of straw burning was mainly from September 28 to October 2, October 9 to October 14; The space is mainly concentrated in the weak area of supervision at the junction of administrative divisions, Zhoukou, Zhumadian, Kaifeng, Nanyang area, and the straw burning fire point accounts for 72.18% of the total number of fire spots in the whole province. The temporal and spatial distribution of the burning site of straw in Zhoukou area has a moderate correlation with AQI, and the air pollution in Zhoukou has a lag of 1 to 2 days due to the influence of air diffusion, rainfall, wind and other meteorological factors.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X712

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