發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 05:43

  本文選題：粉煤灰 + 降雨特征　； 參考：《水土保持學(xué)報(bào)》2016年01期

【摘要】：利用徑流小區(qū)觀測(cè)法,對(duì)裸露、覆表土撒播草灌、撒播草灌3種處理的粉煤灰在自然降雨條件下的產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣進(jìn)行定量分析,研究不同降雨條件下產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣的特征,并對(duì)不同措施進(jìn)行效益評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明:(1)觀測(cè)期內(nèi)總降雨量為1 635.3mm,總降雨歷時(shí)為791.09h,降雨集中在4—9月,降雨量為1 160mm,累積降雨侵蝕力達(dá)到7 216.22(MJ·mm)/(hm~2·h),占全年的92.41%。7月降雨量最大,達(dá)到409.60mm,平均雨強(qiáng)為4.61mm/h,I30最大到67.2mm/h;降雨以大雨、暴雨為主,降雨量達(dá)828.9mm,占50.69%。(2)產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣集中在4—9月,3種措施產(chǎn)流量分別為1.67,2.27,1.49m~3,產(chǎn)渣量分別為0.39,1.39,0.33kg,7月產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣最多,分別為0.72,1.06,0.67m~3和0.30,0.90,0.21kg;3種措施暴雨的產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣量最多,分別為0.82,1.16,0.80m~3和0.19,0.62,0.17kg;(3)降雨量與產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣的相關(guān)性最大,其次為I30、再次為降雨侵蝕力,與降雨歷時(shí)相關(guān)性最小。產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)渣與降雨量、I30呈多項(xiàng)式函數(shù)關(guān)系,與降雨侵蝕力呈線性關(guān)系,與降雨歷時(shí)線性關(guān)系不明顯,產(chǎn)渣與產(chǎn)流呈多項(xiàng)式函數(shù)關(guān)系。(4)覆表土撒播草灌小區(qū)產(chǎn)流量、產(chǎn)渣量、侵蝕總量均最大,分別為2.98m~3,1.59kg,31.81t/hm~2,裸露小區(qū)次之,分別為2.24m~3,0.54kg,18.23t/hm~2,撒播草灌小區(qū)最小,分別為2.98m~3,1.59kg,31.81t/hm~2。與裸露相比,撒播草灌后產(chǎn)流量減少14.73%,產(chǎn)渣量減少5.56%,侵蝕總量減少40.65%,撒播草灌對(duì)粉煤灰減流減渣效果明顯。
[Abstract]:The runoff plot observation method was used to quantitatively analyze the yield of abortion residue of fly ash treated by naked, overlying soil and seeding grass under natural rainfall, and the characteristics of abortion slag under different rainfall conditions were studied. The benefits of different measures are evaluated. The results showed that the total rainfall during the observation period was 1 635.3 mm, the total rainfall duration was 791.09 h, the rainfall was concentrated in April-September, the rainfall was 1 160 mm, and the cumulative rainfall erosion was 7 216.22(MJ mm)/(hm~2 hu, accounting for 92.41 7 months of rainfall in the whole year. The average rainfall intensity was 4.61 mm / h to 67.2 mm / h, and the rainfall was mainly heavy rain (828.9 mm), accounting for 50.69 mm (50.69 mm). The yield of abortive slag was 1.672.271.49m3 in April-September. The amount of slags produced was 0.39 ~ 1.39 ~ 0.33 kg, respectively, and that of abortion was the most in July. The yield of abortive residue was the highest in the three measures of rainstorm (0.72 ~ 1.06m ~ (3) and 0.30 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.21 kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ 0.19 ~ (1. 16) 0.80 ~ (3) and 0.190.62 ~ 0.17 kg / m ~ (3) respectively), followed by I _ (30), I _ (30) and rainfall erosion again, and the least correlation with rainfall duration. The relationship between abortion slag and rainfall I _ (30) was polynomial function, linear relationship was with rainfall erosivity, and there was no obvious linear relationship with rainfall duration. The relationship between runoff and runoff was polynomial function. The total amount of erosion was the highest, which was 2.98 m ~ (3) ~ (3.59) kg ~ (31) ~ (-1) t 路hm ~ (-2), followed by bare plot (2.24 m ~ (3) 0.54 kg ~ (18. 23) t ~ (-1) 路hm ~ (2), and sown grass irrigation plot was the smallest (2.98 m ~ (-1) ~ 31.59 kg ~ 31.81 t 路h ~ (-1) 路hm ~ (2) respectively. Compared with bare grass irrigation, the yield of grass decreased 14.73%, the amount of slag production decreased 5.56 and the total amount of erosion decreased 40.65%. The effect of sowing grass irrigation on fly ash flow and slag reduction was obvious.
【作者單位】： 江西省水土保持科學(xué)研究院;江西省土壤侵蝕與防治重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：江西省水利廳科技支撐項(xiàng)目(200305) 江西省科技支撐項(xiàng)目(20111BBF60059)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X705;S157.1

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