本文選題：土壤剖面構(gòu)型 + 改良方法��； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：全國(guó)耕地質(zhì)量等別評(píng)定成果顯示,我國(guó)耕地質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀總體偏低。土壤剖面構(gòu)型作為耕地質(zhì)量重要影響因素,卻在土地整治工作中被忽視。土壤剖面構(gòu)型不僅反映土壤形成內(nèi)部條件與外部環(huán)境,還體現(xiàn)耕作土壤肥力狀況和生產(chǎn)性能。研究不同類型剖面構(gòu)型改良方法對(duì)耕地質(zhì)量提升具有重要意義。論文采用文獻(xiàn)分析法總結(jié)得出應(yīng)統(tǒng)一使用剖面構(gòu)型,總結(jié)出其概念為土壤發(fā)生層排列次序不同質(zhì)地土層排列情況。采用土壤發(fā)生層排列次序表示方法可以將剖面構(gòu)型類型可分為簡(jiǎn)單剖面和復(fù)雜剖面;運(yùn)用不同質(zhì)地土層排列次序表示方法剖面構(gòu)型類型劃分結(jié)果為均質(zhì)型、夾層型和墊底型。論文從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)方面研究了土壤剖面構(gòu)型與耕地質(zhì)量關(guān)系:宏觀上分析了土壤剖面構(gòu)型與土壤肥力、植物生長(zhǎng)以及與耕地等級(jí)評(píng)價(jià)因素關(guān)系;微觀方面研究了均質(zhì)型和夾層型剖面構(gòu)型土壤水分布特征和運(yùn)動(dòng)特性。在土壤剖面構(gòu)型類型研究基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出剖面構(gòu)型改良內(nèi)涵和原則。并歸納總結(jié)剖面構(gòu)型改良方法有:客土改良法、引洪漫淤法、有機(jī)物料回填法、機(jī)械改土法以及土壤剖面重構(gòu)法。詳細(xì)闡釋每種剖面構(gòu)型改良方法原理、流程及適用改良剖面構(gòu)型類型。論文借鑒農(nóng)用地分等理論,介紹了土壤剖面構(gòu)型改良前后耕地自然質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法。本文選擇吉林省農(nóng)安縣為情景分析,以農(nóng)安縣農(nóng)用地分等補(bǔ)充完善成果為基礎(chǔ),分析農(nóng)安縣土壤剖面構(gòu)型類型及其相應(yīng)耕地質(zhì)量,提出不良剖面構(gòu)型改良方法,構(gòu)建農(nóng)安縣耕地自然質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系并確定評(píng)價(jià)相關(guān)參數(shù)。農(nóng)安縣砂質(zhì)類剖面構(gòu)型改良方法為客土改良法、機(jī)械改土法和有機(jī)物料回填法;粘質(zhì)類剖面構(gòu)型改良方法為客土改良法、引洪漫淤法、有機(jī)物料回填法、機(jī)械改土法和土壤剖面重構(gòu)法。農(nóng)安縣剖面構(gòu)型改良后耕地自然質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果為:耕地自然質(zhì)量提升1個(gè)等別:11等地提升到10等,10等地提升到9等。論文主要研究結(jié)論為剖面構(gòu)型對(duì)耕地質(zhì)量有重要影響,與耕地質(zhì)量等級(jí)因素顯著相關(guān)。對(duì)不良剖面構(gòu)型實(shí)施改良措施確實(shí)能達(dá)到提升耕地質(zhì)量目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The national cultivated land quality evaluation results show that the status quo of cultivated land quality in China is on the low side.As an important factor affecting cultivated land quality, soil profile configuration has been neglected in land regulation.The configuration of soil profile not only reflects the internal conditions and external environment of soil formation, but also reflects the fertility and productive performance of cultivated soil.It is of great significance to study the methods of improving the profile configuration of different types of sections for improving the quality of cultivated land.The paper concludes that the profile configuration should be used uniformly by literature analysis, and concludes that the concept is the arrangement of soil layers with different textures.The profile configuration types can be divided into simple section and complex section by using the method of the sequence representation of the occurrence layer of the soil, and the results of the section configuration type are homogeneous type, intercalation type and bottom type by using the different texture soil layer arrangement sequence representation method.The relationship between soil profile configuration and cultivated land quality was studied from macro and micro aspects: the relationship between soil profile configuration and soil fertility plant growth and cultivated land grade evaluation was analyzed macroscopically.The soil moisture distribution and movement characteristics of homogeneous and intercalated profile configurations were studied in microscopic aspect.Based on the study of soil profile type, this paper puts forward the connotation and principle of profile configuration improvement.The improvement methods of profile configuration are summarized as follows: soil improvement method, flood diversion method, organic material backfill method, mechanical soil modification method and soil profile reconstruction method.Explain in detail the principle of each section configuration improvement method, flow chart and suitable profile configuration type.Based on the theory of agricultural land classification, this paper introduces the evaluation methods of cultivated land quality before and after soil profile configuration improvement.In this paper, Nong'an County of Jilin Province is selected as scene analysis. Based on the results of agricultural land classification and improvement in Nong'an County, the soil profile configuration types and the corresponding cultivated land quality in Nong'an County are analyzed, and the improvement methods of bad profile configuration are put forward.The evaluation index system of farmland natural quality in Nong'an County was constructed and the evaluation parameters were determined.In Nong'an County, the methods of improving the profile of sand type are soil improvement, mechanical soil modification and organic material backfilling, while the clay profile is improved by Hakka soil, flood diversion and silting, organic material backfilling, etc.Mechanical modification method and soil profile reconstruction method.The results of evaluation of cultivated land natural quality after profile modification in Nong'an County were as follows: the natural quality of cultivated land was promoted from 1 equal to 10 and 10 to 9 and so on.The main conclusion of this paper is that the profile configuration has an important influence on cultivated land quality, and is significantly related to cultivated land quality grade factors.The improvement measures of bad profile configuration can really achieve the goal of improving cultivated land quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S156

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