本文選題：精準農業(yè)　切入點：土壤墑情　出處：《東北農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在中國農作物生育期內,因為降水量較少,河流和其它水資源缺乏,使得土壤的含水量降比較低,農作物在某一生長時期的所需水量小于所提供的水量,破壞了作物正常的生長,影響到了人們的生產和生活。精準農業(yè)是我國農業(yè)的發(fā)展方向,如果想建立一個符合中國國情的精準農業(yè)系統(tǒng),必須要建一個適用于精準農業(yè)的信息管理模式。為了使農業(yè)抗旱水平增加,動態(tài)的了解土地旱情變化,縮小旱災帶來的損失,建立廣泛覆蓋的土壤墑情監(jiān)測體系已經成為相應農業(yè)部門的重要任務之一。本課題研究的就是關于精準農業(yè)的一種形式:土壤商情數據無線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。墑情一般是指土壤水分條件。墑情是作物種子出苗、生長和產量形成的重要條件之一。經常關注農田墑情及其改變,可為實時農業(yè)采取灌溉或排水形式提供有科學的依據。本文所設計的土壤墑情監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),主要完成了墑情監(jiān)測站的硬件設計部分和軟件設計部分,硬件部分主要是對所選用的單片機,傳感器,以及GPRS模塊進行了詳細的分析和介紹以及對監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的整體電路圖進行分析。軟件部分主要是進行了墑情采集的一系列程序的編寫。該系統(tǒng)主要是完成長期連續(xù)監(jiān)測,遠程采集設備自動收集土壤墑情即時數據,并通過GPRS來實現無線網絡遠程的數據傳送;監(jiān)測中心可自動接受數據、自動存儲到監(jiān)測點所在的數據庫中。可以根據監(jiān)測需要,靈巧安插土壤水分傳感器;傳感器可以安插在不同的深度部分測量土壤水分情況。土壤墑情監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)可以很全面、科學的、比較真實地反應被監(jiān)測土壤的變化,可及時、較準確的給出監(jiān)測點的土壤墑情狀況,為減少災難和抗旱性提供重要的信息。本文要點是墑情信號收集、處理、數據無線輸送和實時遠距離監(jiān)測土壤墑情,設計了一套完整的墑情信號采集處理,基于GPRS的墑情數據輸送和遠程監(jiān)測中心對墑情數據分類顯示、圖形分析以及自動存儲的系統(tǒng)。設計了基于GPRS的數據輸送技術的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的客戶端。本文給出了系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件結構,墑情信號的采集處理和墑情數據輸送的方法和過程,對系統(tǒng)軟件的通信方法、程序的構造和詳細的功能進行分析。本文聯系實驗和具體應用對系統(tǒng)特性進行了研究和分析。作為一個現實應用的系統(tǒng),基于GPRS的墑情數據無線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)全面考慮了現實運行的需要。
[Abstract]:During the growth period of crops in China, because of the low precipitation, the lack of rivers and other water resources, the water content of the soil is relatively low, and the water demand of crops for a long period of life is less than the amount of water provided.Damaged the normal growth of crops, affected the production and life of people.Precision agriculture is the development direction of agriculture in China. If we want to establish a precision agriculture system that is suitable for China, we must build an information management model suitable for precision agriculture.In order to increase the level of agricultural drought resistance, dynamic understanding of land drought changes, reduce the losses caused by drought, the establishment of a wide coverage of soil moisture monitoring system has become an important agricultural sector Ren Wuzhi.This paper studies a form of precision agriculture: soil commercial data wireless monitoring system.Soil moisture generally refers to soil moisture conditions.Soil moisture is one of the important conditions for seed emergence, growth and yield formation.Paying close attention to farmland moisture and its change can provide scientific basis for real-time agriculture to adopt irrigation or drainage.The soil moisture monitoring system designed in this paper mainly completes the hardware design and software design of the soil moisture monitoring station.And the GPRS module is analyzed and introduced in detail, and the whole circuit diagram of the monitoring system is analyzed.The main part of the software is the compilation of a series of programs for moisture collection.The system is mainly to complete long-term continuous monitoring, remote acquisition equipment automatically collect soil moisture real-time data, and through GPRS to achieve remote wireless network data transmission, monitoring center can automatically accept data,Automatically store in the database where the monitoring point is located.According to the monitoring needs, the soil moisture sensor can be inserted dexterously, and the sensor can be used to measure the soil moisture in different depth.The soil moisture monitoring system can completely, scientifically and truthfully reflect the change of the monitored soil, and can give the soil moisture condition of the monitoring point in time and accurately, which can provide important information for reducing disaster and drought resistance.The main points of this paper are soil moisture signal collection, data processing, wireless data transmission and real-time and remote monitoring of soil moisture. A complete set of soil moisture signal collection and processing is designed.The system of soil moisture data transmission and remote monitoring center based on GPRS is used to classify and display moisture data, graph analysis and automatic storage.The client of the monitoring system based on GPRS technology is designed.In this paper, the hardware and software structure of the system, the method and process of collecting and processing the moisture signal and the conveying of moisture data are given. The communication method of the system software, the construction of the program and the detailed function are analyzed.In this paper, the characteristics of the system are studied and analyzed in combination with experiments and specific applications.As a practical application system, the wireless monitoring system of soil moisture data based on GPRS takes into account the need of practical operation.
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S152.7;TP274

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本文編號：1706118