天堂国产午夜亚洲专区-少妇人妻综合久久蜜臀-国产成人户外露出视频在线-国产91传媒一区二区三区

微生物菌肥改良渭北地區(qū)鹽堿化土壤作用及效果研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-03-07 03:27

  本文選題:鹽堿地 切入點(diǎn):微生物菌肥 出處:《西北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文


【摘要】:土壤是農(nóng)林業(yè)發(fā)展的最基本生產(chǎn)資料,土壤質(zhì)地優(yōu)劣與農(nóng)林業(yè)健康發(fā)展有著緊密聯(lián)系。影響土壤質(zhì)地原因之一是土壤出現(xiàn)鹽堿化,鹽堿化是指土壤中富含大量鹽分。土壤集聚大量鹽分會(huì)破壞土壤水鹽運(yùn)動(dòng)平衡、改變土壤結(jié)構(gòu),致使土壤容重增加,土壤顆粒間隙變小,土壤通透性減弱,土壤滲透率變大,導(dǎo)致土壤板結(jié)、膠黏,土壤肥力下降,土壤中的植物生長(zhǎng)受阻,危害農(nóng)林業(yè)發(fā)展,影響著生態(tài)平衡。鹽堿化土壤也是一類重要的土地資源,如何解決鹽堿化問題是一項(xiàng)科技難題,各國(guó)科學(xué)家們都在致力研究有效治理鹽堿化土壤辦法。本研究通過采用微生物菌肥修復(fù)技術(shù)對(duì)鹽堿土進(jìn)行改良,首先從鹽堿土壤中分離耐鹽微生物菌株,通過富集培養(yǎng)和耐鹽篩選得到了能夠在含鹽量為20g/L的培養(yǎng)基中生長(zhǎng)的菌株4株,分別為:NY5、NY16、NY35、NY41.通過對(duì)這4株菌進(jìn)行形態(tài)學(xué)、生理生化鑒定以及16S rDNA或ITS系列分析,對(duì)比NCBI系列,確定了這4株菌分別為:巨大芽孢桿菌屬(Bacillus megaterium) NY5、枯草芽孢桿菌屬(Bacillus subtilist)NY16、假單胞菌屬(Pseudomona sp.)NY35、酵母菌屬(Saccharomyces)NY41,采用He-Ne激光誘變技術(shù)對(duì)這4種菌誘變育種,獲得遺傳穩(wěn)定性好,耐鹽性強(qiáng)的突變菌株NY5-HN、 NY16-HN、NY35-HN、NY41-HN。將突變株與乳酸桿菌LAB按照不同比例復(fù)配發(fā)酵微生物菌肥,確定混合菌劑最佳比例:2:2:1:1:1,以最佳比例發(fā)酵微生物菌肥,通過單因素試驗(yàn)和正交分析,得出菌肥發(fā)酵最優(yōu)工藝條件:培養(yǎng)物料含水率50%,混合菌劑接入量2%,翻堆通氧3天/次,發(fā)酵時(shí)間20天。將該試驗(yàn)菌肥應(yīng)用于大田試驗(yàn),探究菌肥對(duì)鹽堿地改良效果和土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響,還有其對(duì)玉米和紫花苜蓿發(fā)育的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,經(jīng)過施用微生物菌肥后,試驗(yàn)組土壤各項(xiàng)理化性質(zhì)均有不同程度的良性變化,種植玉米和紫花苜蓿在萌發(fā)率、株高和總產(chǎn)量照對(duì)照組提高24%、29.9%;23.1%、33%;40.6%、60.2%。說明微生物菌肥對(duì)鹽堿地有明顯改良修復(fù)效果。
[Abstract]:Soil is the most basic means of production for the development of agriculture and forestry. The quality of soil is closely related to the healthy development of agriculture and forestry. Salinization refers to the accumulation of a large amount of salt in the soil, which destroys the balance of soil water and salt movement, changes the soil structure, increases the bulk density of the soil, reduces the gap between soil particles, weakens the permeability of the soil, and increases the permeability of the soil. As a result of soil agglutination, soil fertility decline, plant growth in soil is blocked, agricultural and forestry development is jeopardized and ecological balance is affected. Salinized soil is also an important kind of land resource. How to solve the problem of salinization is a scientific and technological problem, and scientists all over the world are working on the effective treatment of salinized soil. First of all, salt tolerant microorganism strains were isolated from saline-alkali soil. Through enrichment culture and salt tolerance screening, four strains which could grow in the medium containing 20 g / L salt were obtained, which were respectively: 1. NY5NY 16NY35NNY41.Through the morphology of these four strains, Physiological and biochemical identification, 16s rDNA or ITS series analysis, comparison of NCBI series, The four strains were identified as Bacillus megaterium NY5, Bacillus subtilistNY16, Pseudomonas sp. NY35 and Saccharomyces sp. NY41, respectively. The four strains were induced by He-Ne laser mutagenesis to obtain good genetic stability. The mutant strains NY5-HN, NY16-HNN, NY35-HNN, NY41-HN.The optimum proportion of mixed bacteria was determined to be 2: 2: 1: 1: 1: 1 by mixing the mutant strain with Lactobacillus LAB in different proportion, and the optimum proportion of fermentation microbial fertilizer was obtained by single factor experiment and orthogonal analysis. The optimum technological conditions of fermentation were obtained as follows: moisture content of culture material 50%, mixed fungicides 2%, oxygen transfer 3 days / time, fermentation time 20 days. The experiment was applied to the field experiment. The effects of microbial fertilizer on soil improvement and soil physical and chemical properties, as well as on the development of maize and alfalfa were investigated. The soil physicochemical properties of the test group were changed in varying degrees. The germination rate, plant height and total yield of maize and alfalfa in the control group were increased by 240.29. 9% and 23. 1% and 20. 6% and 60. 2% respectively. The results showed that microbial microbial fertilizer had obvious effect on improving and repairing saline soil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:S144;S156.4

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 谷體永;馬守泉;;淺談微生物菌肥的正確施用和推廣[J];科技致富向?qū)?2013年20期

2 謝達(dá)平,雷鉺,彭道林,黃祖民,劉麗萍;微生物菌肥的作用機(jī)理研究[J];常德師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2002年01期

3 李宗珍;;微生物菌肥在大棚蔬菜種植中的應(yīng)用優(yōu)勢(shì)[J];生物技術(shù)世界;2014年03期

4 陳法明;;微生物菌肥——根施好[J];科技致富向?qū)?2012年10期

5 王婧;逄煥成;李玉義;趙永敢;張建麗;;微生物菌肥對(duì)鹽漬土壤微生物區(qū)系和食葵產(chǎn)量的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2012年11期

6 宋家清;鄭秀社;張慶國(guó);張澎;徐麗;吳秀玲;;活性微生物菌肥對(duì)濱海鹽堿土改良的影響[J];北方園藝;2010年18期

7 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 范潔群;褚長(zhǎng)彬;吳淑杭;周德平;姜震方;;不同微生物菌肥對(duì)桃品質(zhì)及土壤微生物的影響[A];面向未來的土壤科學(xué)(中冊(cè))——中國(guó)土壤學(xué)會(huì)第十二次全國(guó)會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨第九屆海峽兩岸土壤肥料學(xué)術(shù)交流研討會(huì)論文集[C];2012年

2 褚義紅;崔世茂;付崇毅;于成海;劉微;高興穎;孫潛;;不同微生物菌肥對(duì)生菜生長(zhǎng)及品質(zhì)的影響[A];2013中國(guó)園藝學(xué)會(huì)設(shè)施園藝分會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)·蔬菜優(yōu)質(zhì)安全生產(chǎn)技術(shù)研討會(huì)暨現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2013年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 記者 侯忠江;我微生物菌肥生產(chǎn)工藝研究取得重大進(jìn)展[N];科技日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

2 本報(bào)記者;專家提示:大棚冬季應(yīng)特別注重使用微生物菌肥[N];山東科技報(bào);2012年

3 海大;“雙動(dòng)力”海藻生物菌肥在海大生物研制成功[N];農(nóng)資導(dǎo)報(bào);2007年

4 海大生物 張澍;“海狀元”雙動(dòng)力海藻生物菌肥研制成功[N];河北科技報(bào);2007年

5 記者 牛志強(qiáng);“保綠豐”牌微生物菌肥通過農(nóng)業(yè)部認(rèn)證[N];內(nèi)蒙古日?qǐng)?bào)(漢);2000年

6 本報(bào)記者 趙偉 劉菌;微生物菌肥讓黑土地更肥沃[N];長(zhǎng)春日?qǐng)?bào);2005年

7 樂風(fēng);餐廚垃圾變成農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)好肥料[N];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科技報(bào);2010年

8 周一林;果樹如何施肥才能高產(chǎn)[N];山西科技報(bào);2005年

9 ;農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中常用的肥料簡(jiǎn)介[N];山西科技報(bào);2005年

10 本報(bào)記者 魏盼生;神奇菌肥力推“白色農(nóng)業(yè)”[N];汕頭日?qǐng)?bào);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 司麗娜;微生物菌肥菌種分離、鑒定及混合發(fā)酵[D];山東大學(xué);2012年

2 王洋娟;微生物菌肥對(duì)蘋果樹體生長(zhǎng)及病害防控的研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2014年

3 吳曉衛(wèi);微生物菌肥改良渭北地區(qū)鹽堿化土壤作用及效果研究[D];西北大學(xué);2015年

4 褚義紅;不同微生物菌肥對(duì)溫室生菜生長(zhǎng)、品質(zhì)、產(chǎn)量及氮素積累的影響[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年



本文編號(hào):1577758

資料下載
論文發(fā)表

本文鏈接:http://www.sikaile.net/kejilunwen/nykj/1577758.html


Copyright(c)文論論文網(wǎng)All Rights Reserved | 網(wǎng)站地圖 |

版權(quán)申明:資料由用戶cf495***提供,本站僅收錄摘要或目錄,作者需要?jiǎng)h除請(qǐng)E-mail郵箱bigeng88@qq.com