本文關鍵詞： 高原森林 森林昆蟲 物種多樣性 垂直分布　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：為研究森林昆蟲多樣性的垂直分布及其與森林健康的關系,本研究以四川西部高原森林為研究對象,對不同海拔高度的森林昆蟲群落結(jié)構(gòu)進行研究。取得主要結(jié)果如下:1、對川西高原不同海拔森林中的植物種類、昆蟲種類及其與海拔的相關性進行了分析,結(jié)果表明隨著海拔升高植物種類豐富度下降,其中草本植物種類豐富度下降與海拔升高存在顯著的相關性(r=0.97),木本植物種類豐富度下降與海拔升高存在較高的相關性(r=0.93)。而隨著海拔升高,昆蟲種類數(shù)量下降,二者之間存在高度相關性。特別是燈誘昆蟲數(shù)量隨海拔升高而顯著下降,相關性系數(shù)r=0.96。其中鱗翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目三目昆蟲種類豐富度隨著海拔升高明顯下降,其中鱗翅目昆蟲種類豐富度下降與海拔升高之間存在顯著相關性(r=0.95)。2、對川西高原不同海拔水平原始林和人工林的植物種類、昆蟲種類數(shù)量進行了分析,結(jié)果表明:人工林植被相對單一,人工林在不同海拔高度,其植物種類數(shù)量無論木本還是草本均低于原始林;特別是人工林木本植物的種類數(shù)量,在不同海拔均極顯著低于原始林。人工林中昆蟲種類數(shù)量總體較原始林少。在海拔2900米以上林區(qū),人工林昆蟲種類數(shù)量顯著低于原始林。其中鱗翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目三類昆蟲,人工林中種類數(shù)量總體較原始林少。其中,鱗翅目種類數(shù)量在不同海拔層人工林均顯著低于原始林,海拔3500米以上,鱗翅目種類數(shù)量極為顯著低于原始林。鞘翅目種類在不同海拔,人工林種類數(shù)量均顯著低于原始林。但膜翅目昆蟲種類,在不同海拔人工林與原始林無顯著差異。3、對不同海拔的植物種類豐富度、昆蟲種類豐富度與森林健康水平之間的關系進行了分析,結(jié)果表明:原始林森林健康水平與森林的海拔梯度無直接關系,二者之間無明顯相關性。人工林森林健康水平與森林的海拔梯度存在中度的相關性(r=0.73),但未達到顯著性水平。在人工林中,不同海拔的森林健康水平與植物種類數(shù)量存在中度相關性(r=0.79),同時,與昆蟲種類數(shù)量也存在中度相關性(r=0.62);但在原始林中不存在明顯的相關性。
[Abstract]:In order to study the vertical distribution of forest insect diversity and its relationship with forest health, the forest in western Sichuan Plateau was studied. The structure of forest insect community at different elevations was studied. The main results were as follows: 1. The plant species, insect species and their correlation with altitude in the forests at different elevations in western Sichuan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the richness of plant species decreased with the increase of altitude. There was a significant correlation between the decrease of species richness of herbaceous plants and the increase of altitude. There was a high correlation between the decline of species richness of woody plants and the increase of altitude. However, with the increase of altitude, the number of insect species decreased. There was a high correlation between them, especially the number of insects decreased significantly with the increase of altitude, and the correlation coefficient was 0.96. The species richness of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera decreased significantly with the increase of altitude, and the species richness of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera decreased with the increase of altitude. There was a significant correlation between the decrease of Lepidoptera species richness and elevation. The plant species and insect species of primitive forest and artificial forest at different elevation levels in western Sichuan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation of artificial forest was relatively single, and the number of plant species of plantation was lower than that of primitive forest at different altitude, especially the number of woody plant in artificial forest. The number of insect species in artificial forest is lower than that in primitive forest, and in the forest area above 2900 meters above sea level, the number of insect species in artificial forest is significantly lower than that in primitive forest, including Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. The number of species in the artificial forest was less than that in the primitive forest, and the number of Lepidoptera species was significantly lower than that in the primitive forest at different altitudes, and the altitude was more than 3500 meters. The number of Lepidoptera species was significantly lower than that of primitive forest. The species of Coleoptera was significantly lower than that of primitive forest at different elevations, but the species of Hymenoptera insects was significantly lower than that of primitive forest. There was no significant difference between plantations and primitive forests at different elevations. The relationship between plant species richness, insect species richness and forest health level at different elevations was analyzed. The results showed that there was no direct relationship between forest health level and forest elevation gradient. There was no significant correlation between them. There was a moderate correlation between the forest health level and the elevation gradient of the forest, but it did not reach the significant level. There was a moderate correlation between forest health level at different elevations and the number of plant species, and there was also a moderate correlation with the number of insect species, but there was no obvious correlation in the original forest.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S718.7

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