本文關鍵詞： 耕地質量評價 BP神經網(wǎng)絡 更新 時空格局 空間自相關　出處：《華中農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會經濟的飛速發(fā)展,城市擴張和建設用地的增加不可避免的要占用周邊稀缺的耕地資源。這些耕地大部分都是生產力較高的優(yōu)質耕地,使得耕地資源供需矛盾,總產能減少,影響著我國糧食安全�？茖W的評價耕地質量是落實耕地質量數(shù)量雙重管理的必要前提,而掌握耕地質量時空格局變化同樣是政府科學決策的重點考慮依據(jù)之一,具有重要的研究意義。本文以湖北省十堰市鄖縣為研究對象,從土地肥力、適宜性評價和農業(yè)區(qū)位等理論研究出發(fā),探討了耕地質量評價和耕地質量年度更新的模型和方法,分析了耕地質量時空格局變化特征,以期為政府規(guī)劃決策提供參考依據(jù)。主要研究進展和結果總結如下:1、基于BP神經網(wǎng)絡方法,探究土壤肥力、自然地貌、基礎設置等條件對鄖縣耕地質量的影響,建立一種科學的耕地質量評價模型,評價出鄖縣2003和2010年耕地質量狀況。將鄖縣耕地質量評價結果從高向低依次分為五個等級,結果表明:鄖縣耕地質量整體不高;三等地和四等地占耕地總面積的一半以上,分布在全縣大部分地區(qū);一等地和二等地僅集中分布在縣域中部和東北部。2、以鄖縣2010年耕地質量評價結果為基礎,分析引起耕地質量年度變更的原因,探究年度更新方法,更新鄖縣2010-2013年之間變更耕地質量,得到鄖縣2013年耕地自然質量評價結果。結果表明:鄖縣年度內因補充開發(fā)使得耕地新增427.28公頃,大部分新增耕地為質量較低的五等地;因建設用地占用等原因造成耕地滅失414.91公頃,滅失耕地主要為三等地;因土地整治、農業(yè)結構調整等原因使1267.65公頃耕地質量提升,主要由四等地向三等地提升;因土壤污染、耕作不合理等原因造成701.80公頃耕地質量下降,質量下降耕地主要為五等地。3、對鄖縣2003-2013耕地質量評價結果進行時空格局變化分析。結果表明:鄖縣從2003年到2013年耕地總量增長15%,耕地質量整體有所提高;一些中低質量的三等地、四等地和五等地分別提升為較高質量的一等地和二等地,一等地和二等地面積總和增加3倍左右。鄖縣耕地質量在全局和局部均存在空間自相關,表現(xiàn)為耕地質量高的地方和耕地質量低的地方有較顯著空間聚集性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the expansion of cities and the increase of construction land will inevitably occupy the scarce cultivated land resources in the surrounding areas. Most of these cultivated land are high-quality cultivated land with high productivity, which makes the supply and demand of cultivated land resources contradictory. The reduction of total productivity affects the food security in China. Scientific evaluation of cultivated land quality is the necessary prerequisite for carrying out the dual management of cultivated land quality quantity, and mastering the change of temporal and spatial pattern of cultivated land quality is also one of the key considerations in the scientific decision-making of the government. This paper takes Yun County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province as the research object, discusses the models and methods of cultivated land quality evaluation and annual renewal of cultivated land quality from the theoretical research of land fertility, suitability evaluation and agricultural location. The change characteristics of temporal and spatial pattern of cultivated land quality are analyzed in order to provide reference basis for government planning and decision making. The main research progress and results are summarized as follows: 1. Based on BP neural network method, soil fertility and natural landforms are explored. This paper establishes a scientific evaluation model of cultivated land quality, evaluates the cultivated land quality of Yunxian County in 2003 and 2010, and divides the evaluation results of cultivated land quality from high to low into five grades. The results show that the quality of cultivated land in Yunxian County is not high, and the third and fourth grade plots account for more than half of the total cultivated land area and are distributed in most areas of the county. The first and second grade plots are distributed only in the middle and northeast of county. Based on the evaluation results of cultivated land quality in Yunxian County in 2010, the reasons for the annual change of cultivated land quality are analyzed, and the method of annual renewal is explored. To update the change of cultivated land quality between 2010 and 2013 in Yunxian County and obtain the evaluation results of natural quality of cultivated land in Yunxian County in 2013. The results show that the annual increase of cultivated land in Yunxian County is 427.28 hectares due to supplementary development, and most of the new cultivated land is of lower quality. Because of the occupation of construction land, 414.91 hectares of cultivated land have been lost, and the lost farmland is mainly third-class land; the quality of 1,267.65 hectares of cultivated land has been improved due to land renovation and agricultural structure adjustment, mainly from the fourth class to the third class; and because of soil pollution, The quality of 701.80 hectares of cultivated land declined due to unreasonable cultivation. The analysis of temporal and spatial pattern of the evaluation results of cultivated land quality in Yunxian County from 2003 to 2013 showed that the total cultivated land increased by 15% from 2003 to 2013, and the quality of cultivated land was improved as a whole. Some middle and low quality third, fourth and fifth grade land were upgraded to higher quality first and second class land respectively, the total area of first and second class land increased by about three times. There is a spatial autocorrelation between the overall and local cultivated land quality in Yunxian County. The results showed that the high quality of cultivated land and the low quality of cultivated land had significant spatial aggregation.
【學位授予單位】：華中農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.211

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本文編號：1499550