【摘要】：松軟破碎巖體具有松、散、軟、弱等力學特性，在爆破振動作用下?lián)p傷破壞較為嚴重，因此對爆破荷載下軟巖的損傷及爆破振動對軟巖巷道的穩(wěn)定性影響進行研究具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 論文通過對金山店鐵礦東區(qū)軟巖區(qū)域進行調查取樣，掌握了軟巖區(qū)域分布情況及巖石特征。對巖樣進行巖石力學實驗并進行巖體質量分級，，結果表明東區(qū)的高嶺土、高嶺土化花崗巖、矽卡化大理巖、粉狀磁鐵礦等大部分礦巖處于松軟、破碎等級。 通過東區(qū)中深孔爆破振動監(jiān)測，得到東區(qū)中深孔爆破下地震波衰減規(guī)律。在此基礎上，采用爆破振動動態(tài)應力比評價方法建立爆破地震波安全評價判據(jù)，并對軟巖巷道進行穩(wěn)定性評價，研究表明鄰近巷道受爆破振動的危害較大。 采用裂紋擴展理論建立軟巖區(qū)域爆破累積損傷計算模型。結合實測數(shù)據(jù)對爆破作用下東區(qū)軟巖累積損傷計算分析，結果表明軟巖地段的矽卡化大理巖、高嶺土化花崗巖等巖體受爆破振動的影響最大，受爆破振動作用產(chǎn)生的損傷度增長最快，需要加強支護。 通過三維數(shù)值計算和分析，研究了對軟巖巷道在爆破地震波作用下的動態(tài)響應情況，結果顯示爆破振動對巷道圍巖產(chǎn)生了一定的損傷，損傷程度會隨著爆破次數(shù)的增加而增大。 根據(jù)軟巖巷道失穩(wěn)變化規(guī)律及支護機理，確定了中深孔爆破最大單次起爆藥量為154Kg，設計了當總裝藥量大于850Kg時的起爆方式，并提出了改善原有軟巖巷道支護系統(tǒng)的U型鋼棚壁后充填注漿支護方式。 通過上述研究及采取的技術方案，綜合分析了金山店鐵礦松軟破碎礦巖在爆破動荷載作用下的穩(wěn)定性，為該礦軟巖區(qū)域的支護提供了依據(jù)，對同類礦山也有一定借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:The soft broken rock mass has the mechanical properties of loose, scattered, soft, weak and so on, and the damage and failure are more serious under the action of blasting vibration. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the damage of soft rock and the influence of blasting vibration on the stability of soft rock roadway under blasting load. Through the investigation and sampling of the soft rock area in the eastern part of Jinshandian Iron Mine, the regional distribution and rock characteristics of the soft rock are grasped in this paper. The rock mechanics experiments and rock mass quality classification of rock samples are carried out. The results show that most of the minerals such as kaolin, kaolinized granite, skarn marble, powdery magnetite and so on are in soft and broken grade. Through the vibration monitoring of medium and deep hole blasting in the east area, the attenuation law of seismic wave under medium and deep hole blasting in the east area is obtained. On this basis, the dynamic stress ratio evaluation method of blasting vibration is used to establish the safety evaluation criterion of blasting seismic wave, and the stability of soft rock roadway is evaluated. The results show that the blasting vibration of adjacent roadway is harmful. Based on the crack propagation theory, the cumulative damage calculation model of blasting in soft rock area is established. Combined with the measured data, the cumulative damage of soft rock in eastern area under blasting is calculated and analyzed. the results show that the rock mass such as skarded marble and kaolinized granite in soft rock area is most affected by blasting vibration. The damage caused by blasting vibration increases the fastest and needs to be strengthened. Through three-dimensional numerical calculation and analysis, the dynamic response of soft rock roadway under blasting seismic wave is studied. The results show that blasting vibration has caused some damage to the surrounding rock of roadway, and the damage degree will increase with the increase of blasting times. According to the instability change law and support mechanism of soft rock roadway, the maximum single initiation charge quantity of medium and deep hole blasting is determined to be 154kg, and the initiation mode is designed when the total charge quantity is larger than 850Kg. The backfilling grouting support mode of U-shaped steel shed wall is put forward to improve the original support system of soft rock roadway. Through the above research and the technical scheme adopted, the stability of soft broken rock in Jinshandian Iron Mine under blasting dynamic load is comprehensively analyzed, which provides the basis for the support of soft rock area of Jinshandian Iron Mine and has certain reference function for the same kind of mine.
【學位授予單位】：武漢科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD235

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