【摘要】：激發(fā)極化法作為一種有效的地球物理勘探方法,在金屬礦尋找、油氣勘探、煤田勘探以及地質(zhì)普查等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應用。基于雙模式并行電法采集系統(tǒng)在采集方法、裝置形式、采集效率等方面的獨特優(yōu)勢,結(jié)合電子電路模擬、物理模擬和實際應用進行了激發(fā)極化法的實驗研究。(1)試驗研究激發(fā)極化的充、放電過程,在用銅棒模擬高極化體介質(zhì)條件下,發(fā)現(xiàn)供電后的0.1s內(nèi)激發(fā)極化過程已完成50%,0.5s內(nèi)激發(fā)極化過程完成90%;因此,采用激發(fā)極化法的視幅頻率計算時,可以選用供電0.5s的視電阻率作為低頻視電阻率,高頻視電阻率按照背景噪聲水平選擇,從而可顯著提高有高極化體時的IP勘探效率;(2)搭建電路模型,模擬了激發(fā)極化現(xiàn)象中出現(xiàn)的負極化現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)Cole-Cole模型,把大地看作有多個極化單元構(gòu)成的復雜的分壓網(wǎng)絡(luò)。通過模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),當存在高極化體時,極化占主導作用;當沒有高極化體時,分壓占主導作用,某一低極化體在極化完成之后可將其作為一個有固定阻值的電阻,而其他未完成極化的極化體仍在充電其電阻值不斷升高,分得的電壓也不斷增加,導致已完成極化的低極化體分得的電壓變低,從而出現(xiàn)負極化現(xiàn)象;(3)雙模式并行電法采集系統(tǒng),采集一次AM數(shù)據(jù)可以從中提取出兩個單邊三極裝置(AMNMNB)以及四極裝置(溫納α裝置、溫納β裝置以及溫納γ裝置),在增加采集裝置的多樣性同時采集效率也顯著提高。將由AM數(shù)據(jù)合成的四極數(shù)據(jù)與單獨用四極裝置采取數(shù)據(jù)進行對比,視電阻率變化的均方根誤差α裝置為0.01、β裝置為0.02、γ裝置為0.24;視幅頻率變化的均方根誤差α裝置為3.4、β裝置為13.8、γ裝置8.7;通過視電阻率與視幅頻率聯(lián)合反演之后均可以較為準確的反應異常體位置;(4)視電阻率連續(xù)監(jiān)測法作為隨掘底板監(jiān)測的一種有效手段,可將雙模式并行電法采集系統(tǒng)應用于隨掘煤巷底板的監(jiān)測,利用其在極化數(shù)據(jù)采集上的優(yōu)勢,將視幅頻率作為視電阻率數(shù)據(jù)解釋的一種輔助手段,可以對視電阻率法不敏感區(qū)域進行補充解釋。
[Abstract]:As an effective geophysical exploration method, the induced polarization method has been widely used in metal ore prospecting, oil and gas exploration, coalfield exploration and geological survey. Based on the unique advantages of the dual mode parallel electrical acquisition system in the aspects of acquisition method, device form and collection efficiency, combined with electronic circuit simulation, The physical simulation and practical application are studied experimentally. (1) the charge and discharge process of the excited polarization is studied experimentally. Under the condition of simulating the high polarimetric medium with copper rod, It was found that the process of excitation polarization within 0.1 seconds after power supply had been completed in 50 and 0.5 seconds, and the process of excitation polarization had been completed in 90 parts. Therefore, the apparent resistivity of 0.5 s power supply can be selected as the low frequency apparent resistivity, and the high frequency apparent resistivity can be selected according to the background noise level. Thus, the efficiency of IP exploration with high polarizability can be improved significantly. (2) the circuit model is built to simulate the negative polarization phenomenon. According to the Cole-Cole model, the earth is regarded as a complex partial pressure network with multiple polarization elements. It is found by simulation that polarization plays a dominant role when there is a high polarizer. When there is no high polarizer, the partial voltage dominates. A low polarizer can treat it as a resistance with a fixed resistance after the polarization is completed, while the other polarizers that have not completed the polarization are still charging their resistance values increasing. The obtained voltage is also increasing, which leads to the low polarizability of the completed polarizer to get lower voltage, resulting in the phenomenon of negative polarization. (3) Dual-mode parallel electric method acquisition system, from which two one-sided tripole devices (AMNMNB) and quadrupole devices (Winner 偽 device, Winner 尾 device and Winner 緯 device) can be extracted from a single AM data acquisition system. At the same time, the collection efficiency is also improved significantly. Comparing the quadripole data synthesized from AM data with the data taken by the quadrupole device alone, the RMS error 偽 device of apparent resistivity change is 0.01, the 尾 device is 0.02, and the 緯 device is 0.24. The root mean square error (RMS) of amplitude-frequency variation is 3.4, 尾 is 13.8and 緯 is 8.7.The abnormal body position can be accurately reflected by the combination inversion of apparent resistivity and apparent amplitude frequency. (4) as an effective means of monitoring the bottom plate, the continuous monitoring method of apparent resistivity can be used to monitor the bottom plate of coal roadway by using the dual mode parallel electric method acquisition system, and its advantage in polarization data acquisition can be taken advantage of. The amplitude frequency can be used as an auxiliary means for interpretation of apparent resistivity data, which can be used to explain the insensitive area of apparent resistivity method.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.324

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