【摘要】：地表沉降已經(jīng)成為煤炭開采區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要制約因素,地表沉降造成的生態(tài)破壞不僅發(fā)生在開采區(qū)上覆土地,同樣會影響周圍城鎮(zhèn)地表的穩(wěn)定性,地表沉降嚴(yán)重威脅著人們的生產(chǎn)及生活安全,因此探究適合礦區(qū)的一種高效率、高精度、低成本沉降監(jiān)測方法具有重大意義。相比傳統(tǒng)地面沉降監(jiān)測方法,D-InSAR技術(shù)具有全天時、全天候的、大范圍、低成本、高精度的地表形變監(jiān)測能力,理論上,D-InSAR技術(shù)監(jiān)測精度達(dá)到毫米級,已經(jīng)成為監(jiān)測地表形變的重要技術(shù)手段。論文基于新一代雷達(dá)衛(wèi)星干涉數(shù)據(jù)(Radarsat-2),探討研究了平朔礦區(qū)沉降監(jiān)測的可行性,并應(yīng)用時序InSAR(SBAS-InSAR)對平朔礦區(qū)周圍城鎮(zhèn)地表沉降監(jiān)測做了試驗研究,主要工作和成果如下：(1)分析了國內(nèi)外合成孔徑雷達(dá)干涉測量研究現(xiàn)狀,對當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外干涉數(shù)據(jù)源進(jìn)行了總結(jié),詳細(xì)分析了合成孔徑雷達(dá)干涉測量的基本原理,并對干涉相位組成及D-InSAR監(jiān)測形變靈敏度進(jìn)行了研究分析。(2)對D-InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理過程中的關(guān)鍵步驟進(jìn)行了分析,并以平朔礦區(qū)為研究區(qū)域,應(yīng)用D-InSAR技術(shù),基于短基線原則選擇了5對干涉對,通過干涉處理,最終獲取了研究區(qū)沉降圖,并結(jié)合GIS對沉降結(jié)果進(jìn)行了時空演化分析,宏觀上,從沉降結(jié)果圖上可觀測到三個大的沉降區(qū)域,其中兩處分別對應(yīng)了安太堡露天煤礦和安家?guī)X露天煤礦,與沉降主要分布在開采區(qū)的結(jié)論一致;在沉降中心附近分別沿水平方向和豎直方向做了剖面曲線圖,通過沉降中心附近剖面曲線圖定量分析得出,沉降值大小由沉降中心向外逐漸減小,形成以最大沉降值點為中心的沉降漏斗；分析得出另一處大的沉降是由滑坡塌陷造成,并分析了發(fā)生滑坡塌陷的可能原因。(3)分析了傳統(tǒng)D-InSAR技術(shù)局限性,探討基于少量研究數(shù)據(jù)的時序InSAR技術(shù)(SBAS-InSAR)的可行性。首先分析了永久散射體法(PS-InSAR)和短基線集法(SBAS-InSAR)工作原理方法,并比較了兩者優(yōu)缺點;然后基于SBAS-InSAR技術(shù),以山西省朔州市朔城區(qū)為主要研究區(qū),共組合了15對干涉對,結(jié)合SARscape軟件進(jìn)行SBAS處理,獲得了研究區(qū)平均沉降速率圖,個別區(qū)域沉降速率達(dá)到70mm/a,并對4個重點研究區(qū)域進(jìn)行了時序形變分析,驗證了SBAS技術(shù)在較少數(shù)據(jù)情況下依然可以進(jìn)行時序分析。
[Abstract]:Surface subsidence has become an important restricting factor for the sustainable development of coal mining areas. The ecological damage caused by surface subsidence not only occurs in the overlying land in mining areas, but also affects the stability of the surrounding cities and towns. Surface subsidence is a serious threat to the safety of people's production and life, so it is of great significance to explore a high efficiency, high precision and low cost settlement monitoring method suitable for mining area. Compared with the traditional land subsidence monitoring method, D-InSAR technology has the ability of monitoring surface deformation all day, all weather, wide range, low cost and high precision. Theoretically, the monitoring precision of D-InSAR technology reaches millimeter level. It has become an important technical means to monitor surface deformation. Based on the new generation of radar satellite interference data (Radarsat-2), the feasibility of subsidence monitoring in Pingshuo mining area is discussed, and the ground subsidence monitoring of towns around Pingshuo mining area is studied experimentally by using sequential InSAR (SBAS-InSAR). The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the research status of synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry at home and abroad is analyzed, the domestic and foreign interference data sources are summarized, and the basic principle of synthetic aperture radar interferometry is analyzed in detail. The interference phase composition and the sensitivity of D-InSAR monitoring deformation are analyzed. (2) the key steps in the process of D-InSAR data processing are analyzed, and the D-InSAR technique is applied to Pingshuo mining area. Based on the principle of short baseline, five pairs of interference pairs are selected. Finally, the settlement map of the study area is obtained by interferometry, and the spatio-temporal evolution of settlement results is analyzed with GIS. Three large subsidence regions can be observed from the settlement result map, two of which correspond to Antaibao opencast coal mine and Anjialing opencast coal mine, respectively, which are consistent with the conclusion that the settlement is mainly distributed in the mining area. In the vicinity of the settlement center, the profile curves are made along the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. Through quantitative analysis of the profile curves near the settlement center, it is concluded that the settlement value decreases gradually from the settlement center to the outside. Forming a settlement funnel centered on the maximum settlement value; It is concluded that another large settlement is caused by landslide collapse, and the possible causes of landslide collapse are analyzed. (3) the limitation of traditional D-InSAR technology is analyzed. The feasibility of temporal InSAR technique (SBAS-InSAR) based on a small amount of research data is discussed. Firstly, the principle of permanent scatterer method (PS-InSAR) and short baseline set method (SBAS-InSAR) are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared. Then, based on SBAS-InSAR technology, taking Shuocheng District, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province as the main research area, 15 pairs of interference pairs were combined and SBAS was processed with SARscape software. The average subsidence rate map of the study area was obtained. The settlement rate of individual regions reached 70 mm / a. The time series deformation analysis of four key research areas is carried out, which verifies that SBAS technology can still carry out time series analysis in the case of less data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD325

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 周志全;基于RADARSAT-2干涉數(shù)據(jù)的礦區(qū)地表形變提取研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2016年

2 景卓鑫;基于神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法與RADARSAT-2雷達(dá)遙感數(shù)據(jù)的水稻參數(shù)反演研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2014年

3 匡薇;Radarsat-2數(shù)據(jù)處理方法研究及其在地面沉降中的應(yīng)用[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2014年

，

本文編號：2342298