【摘要】：粗煤泥顆粒的高效物理分選與回收對于資源循環(huán)利用和環(huán)境保護具有重要的意義。本文以粗煤泥物料為分選研究對象,研究粗煤泥物料的宏觀密度組成和粒度組成,得到物料的密度組成和粒度組成數據。微觀角度,借助掃描電鏡對分選前后物料樣品進行拍照,運用JMicro Vision軟件分析微觀狀態(tài)下,粗煤泥顆粒的一維和二維灰度變化情況,直觀表述出粗煤泥顆粒性質以及分選前后粗煤泥物質組成成分的微觀變化。同時,借助X射線熒光光譜分析技術定量分析粗煤泥分選前后物料組成成分的遷移變化,為驗證粗煤泥分選的可行性提供先進技術支撐。采用新型變徑液固流化床分選系統分選粗煤泥,具有重要的實際意義和應用價值。基于粗煤泥物料中煤炭與矸石顆粒的較大密度差異,針對粗煤泥物料的分選,設計新型模塊化變徑液固流化床分選機,建立新型結構化變徑液固流化床分選系統,包括模塊化設計分選機和配套設備。研究顆粒及顆粒群在變徑液固流化床分選機中弛豫現象,首先詳細分析單顆粒在流體弛豫過程的受力情況,通過對比確定粗煤泥顆粒在變徑液固流化床分選系統中主要受力,忽略次要受力。針對顆粒群弛豫,提出顆粒群運動過程中顆粒所受阻力阻力系數僅與顆粒附近流體流動雷諾數有關的假設。同時,介尺度分析能量最小原理的基礎上,提出顆粒聚團局部能量最小平衡原理假設,分析解釋顆粒流體系統中顆粒聚團行為。采用FLUENT軟件與EDEM耦合計算,研究變徑液固流化床分選粗煤泥過程中顆粒的運動情況以及床體內部流場的變化。通過分析顆粒運動情況,獲得不同顆粒在床體中運動的速度變化,軌跡變化情況。在水流作用區(qū)域中,不同密度的顆粒在水流的作用下實現分離和分選。然而當顆粒沿壁面運動時,不同顆粒聚集在一起,影響顆粒的分離過程。為了解決顆粒在壁面聚集的問題。本章探究頂水孔的加入對于顆粒分選的影響。通過利用FLUENT軟件分頂水對變徑液固流化床中流場分布的影響,以及頂水對壁面附件區(qū)域流體速度場的影響,驗證頂水孔的可行性和有效性。采用變徑液固流化床分選系統實現對-3+0.5mm粗煤泥物料的分選和有效回收。在考察傾斜角度、水流量、給料濃度、給料速度和溢流流量對粗煤泥可燃體回收率影響的基礎上,確定傾斜角度、水流量和給料濃度為可控主要影響因素,借助正交試驗設計軟件,設計并開展三因素三水平正交試驗。確定影響因素的最佳水平和水平最佳組合。借助掃描電極分析和X射線熒光光譜分析技術,對分選前后物料進行分析測試,分析結果表明:變徑液固流化床分選系統能夠有效實現粗煤泥矸石的脫出和可燃體的高效回收。根據變徑液固流化床分選系統溢流流量變化的特點,探索模糊神經網絡控制在溢流流量控制中的應用,對于非線性、多變量的變徑液固流化床分選系統,本文構建了雙輸入單輸出的自適應模糊神經網絡控制系統,利用MATLAB/Simulink軟件對控制系統進行建模與仿真計算,優(yōu)化控制系統,得到合適的控制參數。仿真結果顯示:自適應模糊神經網絡控制器具有比模糊控制器更加快速的反應時間,同時超調量比較小。這將提高控制系統的反應能力以及魯棒性,減少穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差。模型控制過程非常平穩(wěn)快速。
[Abstract]:High efficient physical separation and recovery of coarse slime particles is of great significance for resource recycling and environmental protection. In this paper, coarse slime materials are selected as the research object, the macro-density and particle size composition of coarse slime materials are studied, and the data of density and particle size composition are obtained. The material samples were photographed before and after sorting, and the changes of one-dimensional and two-dimensional gray levels of coarse slime particles in micro-state were analyzed by JMicro Vision software. The properties of coarse slime particles and the Micro-changes of components of coarse slime before and after sorting were described intuitively. It is of great practical significance and application value to adopt a new type of variable diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separation system to separate coarse coal slime. Based on the large density difference between coal and gangue particles in coarse coal slime materials, the separation of coarse coal slime materials is aimed at. A new type of modular variable-diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separator was designed and a new type of structured variable-diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separator was established, including modular design separator and supporting equipment. The main force of coarse slime particles in the variable-diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separation system is determined by comparison, and the secondary force is neglected. The assumption that the drag coefficient of particles in the process of particle group movement is only related to the Reynolds number of fluid flow near the particles is proposed. Based on the hypothesis of local energy minimization equilibrium of particle agglomeration, the behavior of particle agglomeration in granular fluid system is analyzed and explained. The movement of particles and the change of flow field in the bed during the separation of coarse slime in a variable-diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed are studied by using FLUENT software coupled with EDEM. In order to solve the problem of particle aggregation on the wall, this chapter explores the addition of top water holes. The feasibility and validity of the top hole are verified by the influence of the top water on the flow field distribution in the variable diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed and the influence of the top water on the fluid velocity field in the wall appendage area. Efficiency recovery. On the basis of investigating the effects of inclination angle, water flow rate, feed concentration, feed rate and overflow flow rate on the recovery rate of coarse slime combustible, the inclination angle, water flow rate and feed concentration are determined as the main controllable factors. Three factors and three levels orthogonal test are designed and carried out with the help of orthogonal experimental design software. By means of scanning electrode analysis and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, the material before and after separation is analyzed and tested. The results show that the variable diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separation system can effectively realize the removal of coarse coal gangue and the efficient recovery of combustible materials. In this paper, the characteristics of overflow flow flow are discussed, and the application of fuzzy neural network control in overflow flow flow control is explored. For the non-linear and multi-variable variable diameter liquid-solid fluidized bed separation system, a dual-input and single-output adaptive fuzzy neural network control system is constructed. The control system is modeled and simulated by MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that the adaptive fuzzy neural network controller has faster response time and less overshoot than the fuzzy controller. This will improve the response ability and robustness of the control system and reduce the steady-state error.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD94

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