【摘要】：臥螺離心機(jī)是煤泥脫水工藝中的常用設(shè)備,現(xiàn)有煤用臥螺離心機(jī)速差固定不可調(diào)節(jié)。前期研究結(jié)果表明,變速差臥螺離心機(jī)有利于提高脫水效率,但存在速差調(diào)節(jié)不穩(wěn)定以及電機(jī)反向充電燒毀變頻器的問(wèn)題。因此,本項(xiàng)研究構(gòu)建雙變頻共直流母線驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng),研究雙變頻速差控制方案和離心機(jī)空載狀態(tài)下刮刀與篩籃拖動(dòng)關(guān)系,以及研究載料工況下再生電能的影響因素對(duì)臥螺離心機(jī)工業(yè)應(yīng)用有著指導(dǎo)作用。本文主要針對(duì)臥螺離心機(jī)的速差控制方案、離心機(jī)工作機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、再生電能影響因素及離心機(jī)脫水效果幾方面進(jìn)行研究。根據(jù)脫水工藝及控制要求設(shè)計(jì)離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng),畫出控制系統(tǒng)方框圖,采用動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)分析,提出串級(jí)系統(tǒng)控制策略。對(duì)比計(jì)算單回路控制系統(tǒng)和串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)方框圖傳遞函數(shù),分析優(yōu)化后的離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性和克服二次干擾的能力。依托搭建的離心機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng),通過(guò)雙電機(jī)對(duì)拖關(guān)系試驗(yàn),研究離心機(jī)空載運(yùn)行條件下,頻率差的改變對(duì)雙電機(jī)對(duì)拖干擾的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)頻率差增大,系統(tǒng)受對(duì)拖干擾的影響效果總體下降,其中篩籃受對(duì)拖干擾的影響與頻率差為正相關(guān),刮刀受對(duì)拖干擾的影響與頻率差為負(fù)相關(guān)。并通過(guò)對(duì)離心機(jī)主要工作機(jī)構(gòu)的工作狀態(tài)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在離心機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí),再生電能是由于刮刀電機(jī)輸入制動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩所致。根據(jù)再生電能的產(chǎn)生特點(diǎn),分析并提出共直流母線方案對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理。在離心機(jī)載料運(yùn)行工況下,分析篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速、離心機(jī)速差及離心機(jī)處理量對(duì)再生電能影響。研究表明再生電能隨篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速的升高而增大,隨速差的增加而增大,速差越大增速越快,隨離心機(jī)處理量的提高而增大。最后,基于已搭建的臥螺離心機(jī)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行粗煤泥脫水試驗(yàn),研究本試驗(yàn)所用臥螺離心機(jī)的最佳工作速差區(qū)間及最適宜篩籃工作轉(zhuǎn)速范圍,結(jié)果表明3.0-9.0rpm為最佳工作速差區(qū)間,篩籃工作轉(zhuǎn)速則要高于435.0rpm,速差對(duì)于脫水效果的影響大于篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)脫水效果的影響。
[Abstract]:Horizontal screw centrifuge is a common equipment in coal sludge dehydration process. The speed difference of existing horizontal screw centrifuge can not be adjusted. The previous research results show that the variable speed differential horizontal screw centrifuge is beneficial to improve the dehydration efficiency, but the speed difference adjustment is unstable and the motor reverse charge burns out the inverter. Therefore, this paper studies the construction of double frequency conversion common DC bus drive system, and studies the control scheme of double frequency conversion speed difference and the relationship between scraper and screen basket driving under the condition of no load of centrifuge. The research on the influencing factors of regenerated electric energy under loading condition has a guiding effect on the industrial application of horizontal spiral centrifuge. This paper mainly focuses on the speed difference control scheme of the horizontal spiral centrifuge, the running state of the working mechanism of the centrifuge, the influence factors of regenerating electric energy and the dehydration effect of the centrifuge. According to the dehydration process and control requirements, the speed regulation system of centrifuge is designed, the block diagram of the control system is drawn, the dynamic response analysis is adopted, and the control strategy of cascade system is put forward. The block diagram transfer function of single loop control system and cascade control system is calculated, and the dynamic characteristics of the optimized rotating speed regulation system of centrifuge and the ability to overcome the secondary interference are analyzed. Based on the speed regulation system of centrifuge, the influence of frequency difference on towing interference of double motor is studied under the condition of no-load operation of centrifuge through the test of towing relation of double motor, and it is found that the frequency difference increases. The effect of the system affected by towing interference was generally decreased, in which the influence of sieve basket on towing interference was positively related to the frequency difference, and the influence of scraper on towing interference was negatively correlated with the frequency difference. Through the analysis of the working state of the main working mechanism of the centrifuge, it is found that the regenerative electric energy is caused by the input braking torque of the scraper motor when the centrifuge is running. According to the characteristics of generation of regenerated electric energy, a common DC bus scheme is proposed to deal with it. Under the operating condition of centrifuge loading, the influence of screen basket speed, centrifuge speed difference and centrifuge handling capacity on regenerated electric energy is analyzed. The results show that the regenerated electric energy increases with the increase of the speed of the screen basket, increases with the increase of the speed difference, increases with the increase of the speed difference, and increases with the increase of the processing capacity of the centrifuge. Finally, based on the dewatering test of coarse coal slime, the optimum working speed difference interval and the optimum working speed range of the horizontal spiral centrifuge used in this test are studied. The results show that 3.0-9.0rpm is the best working speed difference interval. The working speed of the screen basket was higher than that of 435.0 rpm, and the effect of the speed difference on the dehydration effect was greater than that of the screen basket speed on the dehydration effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD462.1;TD94

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本文編號(hào)：2214733