發(fā)布時間：2018-08-30 16:29

【摘要】：中國煤礦每年新掘井巷工程量約25000 km,巷道頂板長期安全保障尤為重要,統計兩淮等礦區(qū)40余個礦井28起冒頂事故,泥質巷道頂板錨固失穩(wěn)垮冒比例達46.4%,多發(fā)生在斷層、破碎帶、軟弱夾層、水化泥巖等特殊條件,當巖層吸水泥化,煤巖層完整程度受到損傷時,圍巖強度隨時間出現顯著衰減,巷道維護難度劇增,泥質巷道錨固失穩(wěn)致災機理、關鍵影響因素分析與安全控制成為煤礦井巷支護棘手難題之一。本文以淮北礦區(qū)渦北煤礦8106機巷為工程背景,采用理論分析、數值模擬、實驗室實驗和現場觀測相結合的方法,建立了泥巖變形的力學特性及其本構方程;分析了8106機巷泥巖的主要粘土成分類型及浸水之后微觀結構變化特征;進行了高嶺石泥巖顆粒表面水化作用的分子動力學模擬;并在現場進行了預注漿等圍巖強化工作,有效控制巷道變形。得到如下主要結論:(1)闡明了泥巖的基本物理力學性質,并且根據實驗和8106機巷等現場的具體情況,進行泥巖含水量變化的實驗,歸納出泥巖的內聚力C、內摩擦角φ與含水量W的關系。通過運用彈塑性理論、彈粘性理論建立了一個本構方程以用來反映泥巖出現非線性體積應變的本質關系。(2)針對泥質裂隙巖體水化過程中微觀結構(包括膠結、顆粒、孔隙等)的演變特征,分別進行了不同巖樣的浸水-風干實驗、不同巖樣不同含水狀態(tài)下的SEM觀測實驗,從微觀角度分析了泥巖浸水條件下的典型結構變化特征。(3)運用Material Studios(MS)軟件進行了高嶺石顆粒表面水化作用的分子動力學模擬,分析了高嶺石泥巖遇水與典型以蒙脫石為代表的泥巖遇水泥化的作用機理,得出了高嶺石等粘粒遇到水時,雖然晶胞之間不允許進入水分子,但其粘粒表面具有游離價原子和離子,這些原子或離子具有靜電引力,在粘土表面形成靜電引力場。同時,水分子是偶極體,一端為正電荷,一端帶負電荷,可被靜電引力所吸引,得到粘粒表面附近的水分子緊密地、整齊地排列起來的結論。(4)在淮北礦區(qū)渦北煤礦8106機巷開展了滲水泥化巷道治理的驗證研究和工業(yè)性試驗,巷道維控效果良好,表明控制技術選用得當,有效保障了巷道的后期使用,取得了良好的經濟與社會效益。
[Abstract]:It is particularly important to ensure the long-term safety of roadway roof in 25000 km, roadway in China coal mine every year. Statistics show that 28 roof caving accidents occurred in more than 40 mines in Lianghuai mining area, and the ratio of roof Anchorage instability of muddy roadway was 46.4%, which mostly occurred in fault zone and broken zone. Under special conditions, such as weak intercalation and hydrated mudstone, when the rock layer is cemented and the integrity of coal and rock stratum is damaged, the strength of surrounding rock decreases significantly with time, the maintenance difficulty of roadway increases dramatically, and the mechanism of rock anchoring and instability of muddy roadway leads to disaster. The analysis of key influencing factors and safety control has become one of the thorny problems in coal mine roadway support. In this paper, the mechanical properties and constitutive equation of mudstone deformation are established with the method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory experiment and field observation. In this paper, the main clay composition types and microstructure change characteristics of 8106 Ji-xiang mudstone are analyzed, the molecular dynamics simulation of the hydration of kaolinite mudstone particles is carried out, and the surrounding rock strengthening work such as pre-grouting is carried out in the field. Effective control of roadway deformation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the basic physical and mechanical properties of mudstone are elucidated, and according to the experimental results and the concrete situation of 8106 machine lane, the water content of mudstone is tested. The relationship between cohesion C, friction angle 蠁 and water content W of mudstone is summarized. By using elastic-plastic theory, a constitutive equation is established to reflect the essential relationship of nonlinear volumetric strain in mudstone. (2) aiming at the microstructure of muddy fractured rock mass during hydration (including cementation, particle, etc.) The evolution characteristics of pore, etc., were studied by soaking and air drying experiments of different rock samples, and SEM observation experiments of different rock samples under different water-bearing states. The characteristics of typical structural changes in mudstone flooding were analyzed from the microscopic point of view. (3) the molecular dynamics simulation of the surface hydration of kaolinite particles was carried out by using Material Studios (MS) software. The mechanism of water contact between kaolinite mudstone and typical clay rock represented by montmorillonite is analyzed. It is concluded that when kaolinite and other clay meet water, water molecules are not allowed between units. However, the clay surface has free valence atoms and ions, and these atoms or ions have electrostatic force, forming electrostatic gravitational field on the clay surface. At the same time, the water molecule is a dipole, with a positive charge at one end and a negative charge at the other end, which can be attracted by electrostatic force. Conclusion of neatly arranged. (4) validation research and industrial test of roadway treatment in 8106 machine roadway of Huai Bei Coal Mine were carried out. The roadway maintenance control effect was good, which indicated that the control technology was selected properly. Effective protection of the late use of roadways, and achieved good economic and social benefits.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD322.4

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 陳喜恩;趙龍;王兆豐;李豪君;;液態(tài)CO_2相變致裂機理及應用技術研究[J];煤炭工程;2016年09期

2 林永學;王顯光;李榮府;;頁巖氣水平井低油水比油基鉆井液研制及應用[J];石油鉆探技術;2016年02期

3 姚強嶺;陳田;李學華;劉凱;梁順;朱晨光;;富水巷道頂板水滲流特征數值計算研究[J];采礦與安全工程學報;2016年01期

4 凌同華;鄧杰夫;吳聯迎;唐旗;;上覆巖層厚度對小凈距隧道穩(wěn)定性的影響[J];交通科學與工程;2015年04期

5 陳衛(wèi)忠;肖正龍;田洪銘;;深埋高地應力TBM隧道擠壓大變形及其控制技術研究[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2015年11期

6 周翠英;李偉科;向中明;黎杰明;;水-應力作用下軟巖細觀結構摩擦接觸分析[J];巖土力學;2015年09期

7 王襄禹;柏建彪;王猛;;弱面影響下深部傾斜巖層巷道非均稱失穩(wěn)機制與控制技術[J];采礦與安全工程學報;2015年04期

8 王猛;柏建彪;王襄禹;陳斌;韓志婷;;深部傾斜煤層沿空掘巷上覆結構穩(wěn)定與控制研究[J];采礦與安全工程學報;2015年03期

9 崔樹江;;塔山礦綜放工作面停采線合理煤柱寬度實測[J];煤礦安全;2015年03期

10 何滿潮;;深部軟巖工程的研究進展與挑戰(zhàn)[J];煤炭學報;2014年08期

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 季明;濕度場下灰質泥巖的力學性質演化與蠕變特征研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學;2009年

2 李桂臣;軟弱夾層頂板巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定與安全控制研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學;2008年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 袁溢;大變形巷道錨桿護表構件支護效應研究[D];西南交通大學;2006年

，

本文編號：2213632