【摘要】：隨著錨桿支護技術的發(fā)展和推廣應用,錨桿支護已經成為煤礦巷道的主要支護方式。由于巷道圍巖條件的復雜性和現(xiàn)有錨桿支護理論的局限性,很多煤礦在錨桿支護方案選取過程中存在一定的不合理支護現(xiàn)象。本文以東峰煤礦3號煤層工作面巷道為研究對象,分析了巷道的圍巖條件,指出3號煤工作面巷道斷面較小,圍巖完整性較好,且距頂板6.5m處的厚硬細砂巖有利于巷道穩(wěn)定。對錨桿支護設計理論進行了分析,指出在破碎巖層中,錨桿主要起擠壓加固和懸吊作用;在完整巖層中,則主要是改善圍巖應力狀態(tài)。通過分析錨索的穩(wěn)固性,得出具有相同承載能力時從跨中到兩幫,錨索的長度逐漸變短;而錨索長度相同時,從跨中到兩幫穩(wěn)固性逐漸提高。通過實驗室實驗得到了煤巖體力學指標。并運用相似材料模擬實驗研究了巷道的變形破壞特征和錨索的穩(wěn)固性,得出巷道垮落角為55°,最大垮落高度約為2m,錨索偏心布置比跨中布置的穩(wěn)固性較好�；谘芯砍晒�,又結合工程類比法設計了單排錨索偏心布置的錨桿錨索聯(lián)合支護方案,新支護方案與原支護方案相比,主要減少了 1排頂板錨索,并將錨索長度由8.4m縮短至6m。通過數(shù)值模擬和工程試驗,對比分析了新、原支護方案的支護效果、對掘進速度的影響和經濟效益,結果顯示新支護方案能夠滿足巷道安全使用的要求,且掘進速度提高了 12.50%,支護材料費用減少了約 17.50%。
[Abstract]:With the development and application of bolt support technology, bolt support has become the main support method in coal mine roadway. Because of the complexity of surrounding rock condition of roadway and the limitation of existing bolting support theory, many coal mines have some unreasonable support phenomenon in the selection process of bolting support scheme. Based on the analysis of surrounding rock condition of No. 3 coal seam face in Dongfeng Coal Mine, it is pointed out that the roadway section is smaller, the integrity of surrounding rock is better, and the thick, hard and fine sandstone from the roof 6.5m is beneficial to the stability of roadway. The design theory of bolt support is analyzed, and it is pointed out that in the broken rock stratum, the anchor rod mainly plays the role of compression reinforcement and suspension, while in the intact rock stratum, the stress state of surrounding rock is mainly improved. By analyzing the stability of the anchor cable, it is concluded that the length of the anchor cable becomes shorter from the middle to the two sides of the span with the same bearing capacity, and the stability from the middle span to the two bands increases gradually when the length of the anchor cable is the same. The mechanical indexes of coal and rock mass are obtained by laboratory experiments. The deformation and failure characteristics of roadway and the stability of anchor cable are studied by using similar material simulation experiment. It is concluded that the collapse angle of roadway is 55 擄and the maximum collapse height is about 2 m.The eccentric arrangement of anchor cable is better than that of mid-span arrangement. Based on the research results, combined with the method of engineering analogy, the combined support scheme of anchor and cable with single row cable eccentricity arrangement is designed. Compared with the original support scheme, the new support scheme mainly reduces one row of roof anchor cables and shortens the length of anchor cables from 8.4 m to 6 m. Through numerical simulation and engineering test, the effects of new and original support schemes on tunneling speed and economic benefits are compared and analyzed. The results show that the new support schemes can meet the requirements of safe use of roadways. And the speed of excavation increased 12.50 and the cost of supporting material decreased about 17.50.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD353.6

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