本文選題：循環(huán)爆破作用 + 巖體累積損傷效應(yīng)�。� 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：爆破對(duì)于礦山、水利和城建等的生產(chǎn)和建設(shè),是快捷且卓有成效的手段,但爆破誘發(fā)的震動(dòng)負(fù)面效應(yīng)也屢見(jiàn)不鮮。對(duì)于礦山持續(xù)的生產(chǎn)爆破,其對(duì)工程巖體的破壞損傷是持續(xù)累積的。當(dāng)累積到一定閾值時(shí),將造成工程巖體的失穩(wěn)破壞。目前,針對(duì)礦山頻繁的生產(chǎn)爆破,對(duì)工程巖體的累積損傷效應(yīng)特性研究較少。而循環(huán)爆破加載對(duì)工程巖體的損傷也是個(gè)極其復(fù)雜的過(guò)程。本文將采用聲波儀與爆破振動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)儀,研究礦山頻繁生產(chǎn)爆破作用,對(duì)爆破中遠(yuǎn)區(qū)工程巖體的累積損傷效應(yīng)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果如下:(1)采用地質(zhì)鉆鉆取聲波測(cè)試孔。即保證了測(cè)試孔平行度及孔壁的光滑,能使水很好的與巖壁耦合,也消除了因打孔對(duì)巖體的沖擊損傷,從而使試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)誤差顯著減小。試驗(yàn)過(guò)程,采用RSM-SY5聲波儀與Minimate Blaster型爆破振動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)儀,在礦山完成了11次循環(huán)生產(chǎn)爆破和5次小藥量模擬爆破試驗(yàn)。研究頻繁爆破加載對(duì)露天采場(chǎng)巖體聲波波速與累積損傷效應(yīng)。(2)頻繁生產(chǎn)爆破荷載作用下爆破中遠(yuǎn)區(qū)的工程巖體,發(fā)生損傷效應(yīng)的測(cè)點(diǎn)數(shù)非常有限,而發(fā)生損傷效應(yīng)的測(cè)點(diǎn),則是以損傷增量突然劇增的損傷形式為主。爆心距越小對(duì)巖體的累積損傷效應(yīng)越明顯,單段最大藥量與損傷強(qiáng)度呈正相關(guān)性,爆炸應(yīng)力波的振動(dòng)頻率及傳播方向?qū)r體累積損傷都有很大的相關(guān)性。(3)通過(guò)大量的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,節(jié)理裂解較發(fā)育的工程巖體,其受生產(chǎn)爆破循環(huán)加載作用的累積損傷形式,以宏觀原生裂隙的張開(kāi)、擴(kuò)展或貫通等形式為主。微觀裂隙的張開(kāi)閉合擴(kuò)展等和新裂隙的形成及力學(xué)特性的劣化不明顯。爆炸應(yīng)力波對(duì)處于中遠(yuǎn)區(qū)工程巖體的作用,巖體表現(xiàn)出的力學(xué)性質(zhì),主要由宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)面的力學(xué)性質(zhì)決定。(4)利用Geo Studio仿真軟件,計(jì)算邊坡在爆破動(dòng)載荷作用下邊坡安全系數(shù)的變化。通過(guò)軟件計(jì)算后,反映出爆破對(duì)邊坡的破壞不僅與質(zhì)點(diǎn)振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度有關(guān)也與振動(dòng)頻率有關(guān)。通過(guò)分析安全系數(shù)隨時(shí)間的變化曲線(xiàn)圖,還可以反映出,邊坡巖體在爆破地震波的作用下發(fā)生了損傷現(xiàn)象。本文對(duì)頻繁生產(chǎn)爆破作用下工程巖體累積損傷效應(yīng)的研究。為進(jìn)一步系統(tǒng)研究頻繁生產(chǎn)爆破荷載作用下,工程巖體的力學(xué)形式及其損傷破壞理論,提供大量現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)和技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Blasting is a quick and effective means for the production and construction of mines, water conservancy and urban construction, but the negative effects of vibration induced by blasting are not uncommon. For the continuous mine blasting, the damage to the engineering rock mass is continuously accumulated. When accumulated to a certain threshold, it will lead to the instability of engineering rock mass. At present, there is little research on cumulative damage effect of engineering rock mass due to frequent mine blasting. The damage of engineering rock mass caused by cyclic blasting loading is also a very complicated process. In this paper, acoustic wave instrument and blasting vibration monitor are used to study the cumulative damage effect of mine frequent production blasting on engineering rock mass in the middle and far area of blasting. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) the acoustic testing hole is drilled by geological drilling. The parallelism of the test hole and the smoothness of the hole wall are guaranteed, the water can be well coupled with the rock wall, and the impact damage caused by the perforation on the rock mass is eliminated, thus the error of the test data is significantly reduced. In the course of the test, the RSM-SY5 acoustic wave instrument and the Minimate Blaster blasting vibration monitor were used to complete 11 circulatory blasting and 5 small charge simulated blasting tests in the mine. The effects of frequent blasting loading on acoustic wave velocity and cumulative damage effect in open-pit stope rock mass are studied. (2) in engineering rock mass in the middle and far area of blasting under frequent blasting load, the number of damage effect is very limited, but the point where damage effect occurs is very limited. It is to the damage increment sudden increase in the main form of damage. The accumulative damage effect of rock mass is more obvious when the distance of blasting center is smaller, and the maximum amount of charge in single section is positively correlated with the damage intensity. The vibration frequency and propagation direction of explosion stress wave have great correlation with the cumulative damage of rock mass. (3) through a large number of measured data, it is shown that the cumulative damage form of jointed cracked engineering rock mass is subjected to cyclic loading of production blasting. The main form is the opening, spreading or penetrating of macroscopic primary fractures. The opening and closing propagation of microcracks and the formation of new fissures and the deterioration of mechanical properties are not obvious. The effect of explosion stress wave on engineering rock mass in the middle and far region is mainly determined by the mechanical properties of macroscopic structural plane. (4) Geo Studio simulation software is used. The change of slope safety factor under blasting dynamic load is calculated. The results show that the blasting damage to the slope is not only related to the vibration intensity of the particle but also to the vibration frequency. By analyzing the curve of safety factor with time, it can also be shown that the slope rock mass is damaged by blasting seismic wave. In this paper, the cumulative damage effect of engineering rock mass under the action of frequent production blasting is studied. In order to study the mechanical form of engineering rock mass and its damage and failure theory systematically under the action of frequent production blasting, a large amount of field data and technical basis are provided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD854.6

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