本文選題：可控源電磁法 + 張量�。� 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：可控源音頻大地電磁法(CSAMT)最大特點(diǎn)就是采用了人工場(chǎng)源,大大增加了信號(hào)強(qiáng)度,從而彌補(bǔ)了天然場(chǎng)源電磁信號(hào)微弱,不易觀測(cè)等缺點(diǎn),已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于油氣勘探、礦產(chǎn)普查、水文環(huán)境等方面,并且發(fā)揮了巨大的作用。此外,它還具有工作效率高,高阻屏蔽作用小,水平和垂直分辨率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但是,傳統(tǒng)的可控源音頻大地電磁法采用的多為單一偶極裝置的標(biāo)量測(cè)量,其缺點(diǎn)一是這種標(biāo)量測(cè)量只適合于簡(jiǎn)單的地質(zhì)環(huán)境,不適于復(fù)雜地質(zhì)的勘查;二是觀測(cè)范圍會(huì)受到發(fā)射裝置的限制,在區(qū)域觀測(cè)或者長(zhǎng)剖面觀測(cè)中,發(fā)射源的位置往往需要調(diào)整,如果發(fā)射源正好布置在斷裂構(gòu)造上,那么由于受到場(chǎng)源效應(yīng)的影響就會(huì)導(dǎo)致多個(gè)發(fā)射源的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)無(wú)法處理。所以可控源張量數(shù)據(jù)的反演研究是有實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值并且非常有必要的。在正演中,本文首先分別將兩個(gè)互相垂直的與測(cè)線斜交45°的場(chǎng)源分解為平行X軸和平行Y軸的子場(chǎng)源,然后分別計(jì)算了X方向子場(chǎng)源和Y方向子場(chǎng)源作用下產(chǎn)生的電磁場(chǎng)分量,通過(guò)張量阻抗公式計(jì)算出張量阻抗元素,最后通過(guò)卡尼亞視電阻率公式計(jì)算出視電阻率和相位。在計(jì)算單個(gè)電偶極子源作用下產(chǎn)生的電磁場(chǎng)分量時(shí),采用了二次場(chǎng)的方法來(lái)減小源對(duì)計(jì)算結(jié)果的影響,提高計(jì)算精度。通過(guò)有限元推導(dǎo)形成正演矩陣方程,求解矩陣方程得到波數(shù)域的結(jié)果,最后通過(guò)反傅氏變換得到空間域的結(jié)果。在反演中,工作重點(diǎn)是靈敏度矩陣的求取,本文在計(jì)算各電磁場(chǎng)分量靈敏度矩陣時(shí)采用了Mc Gillivray等人提出的伴隨方程法,選擇不同的伴隨場(chǎng)源即可求得不同電磁場(chǎng)分量的靈敏度矩陣;在計(jì)算視電阻率和相位的靈敏度矩陣時(shí),采用了Rodi(2001)的方法。采用在Occam反演基礎(chǔ)上改進(jìn)的數(shù)據(jù)空間反演方法來(lái)反演合成數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)了不同的模型進(jìn)行反演,得到了比較好的結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了算法的正確性和可靠性,實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的反演算例表明了該反演算法可用于實(shí)測(cè)資料的處理解釋。
[Abstract]:The most important feature of controllable source audio magnetotelluric method (CSAMT) is the use of artificial field sources, which greatly increases the signal intensity, thus making up for the weakness of electromagnetic signals from natural field sources, such as weak and difficult to observe, and has been widely used in oil and gas exploration and mineral survey. Hydrological environment and other aspects, and played a huge role. In addition, it has the advantages of high efficiency, low resistance shielding and high horizontal and vertical resolution. However, the traditional controlled source audio magnetotelluric method is mostly a scalar measurement of a single dipole device. One of its disadvantages is that the scalar measurement is only suitable for simple geological environment and is not suitable for the exploration of complex geology. Second, the observation range will be limited by the launcher. In regional observation or long profile observation, the position of the emitter often needs to be adjusted, if the emitter is located on the fault structure, The observation data of multiple emitters can not be processed because of the effect of field source effect. Therefore, the inversion of controllable source Zhang Liang data has practical application value and is very necessary. In the forward modeling, the two field sources which are perpendicular to each other and oblique to the measuring line 45 擄are decomposed into parallel X axis and parallel Y axis subfield sources respectively, and then the electromagnetic field components generated by the action of X direction subfield source and Y direction subfield source are calculated, respectively. The Zhang Liang impedance element is calculated by Zhang Liang impedance formula, and the apparent resistivity and phase are calculated by Kania apparent resistivity formula. In the calculation of the electromagnetic field components produced by a single electric dipole source, the quadratic field method is used to reduce the influence of the source on the calculation results and to improve the accuracy of the calculation. The forward matrix equation is derived by finite element method, the results of wavenumber domain are obtained by solving the matrix equation, and the results of space domain are obtained by inverse Fourier transform. In the inversion, the emphasis is on the calculation of sensitivity matrix. In this paper, the adjoint equation method proposed by MC Gillivray et al is used to calculate the sensitivity matrix of each electromagnetic field component. The sensitivity matrix of different electromagnetic field components can be obtained by choosing different adjoint field sources, and the method of Rodigen 2001 is used to calculate the sensitivity matrix of apparent resistivity and phase. The improved data space inversion method based on Occam inversion is used to inverse the synthetic data. Different models are designed for inversion. The results show that the algorithm is correct and reliable. An example of the inversion of measured data shows that the algorithm can be used to interpret the measured data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.325

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