本文選題：灰?guī)r + 一維加卸載�。� 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“開(kāi)挖加卸荷誘發(fā)深部巷道巖爆機(jī)理研究(51264018)”為依托,以會(huì)澤鉛鋅礦上向水平分層充填采礦法為工程背景,以采場(chǎng)“礦柱”為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)巖體加卸載路徑,對(duì)巖體進(jìn)行了單軸壓縮以及在不同路徑下的單軸循環(huán)加卸載試驗(yàn),分別從強(qiáng)度特征、變形特征、聲發(fā)射特性及破壞模式等方面進(jìn)行了采場(chǎng)巖體的力學(xué)特性及失穩(wěn)機(jī)理研究。通過(guò)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)研究,主要得到以下結(jié)論：(1)通過(guò)分析應(yīng)力下限恒定下分級(jí)循環(huán)加、卸載試驗(yàn)中各組巖樣峰值強(qiáng)度與加卸載次數(shù)之間變化規(guī)律,利用多項(xiàng)式函數(shù)擬合結(jié)果表明：在恒下限循環(huán)加卸載試驗(yàn)中,灰?guī)r的峰值強(qiáng)度是循環(huán)加卸載次數(shù)的一個(gè)一元二次函數(shù),峰值強(qiáng)度隨循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加而增加；(2)單軸循環(huán)加、卸載各組試驗(yàn)的應(yīng)力—應(yīng)變曲線分析研究表明：加卸載曲線互不重合,二者會(huì)形成形狀多樣的塑性滯回環(huán)。隨循環(huán)次數(shù)的增大,各試驗(yàn)的滯回環(huán)面積大小呈現(xiàn)出一定的規(guī)律,且有不斷向后“遷移”的現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生；(3)通過(guò)對(duì)各組循環(huán)試驗(yàn)力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)單軸循環(huán)加、卸載各組試驗(yàn)所測(cè)灰?guī)r峰值強(qiáng)度、彈性模量以及泊松比等力學(xué)參數(shù)大小受不同加卸載路徑和循環(huán)次數(shù)兩方面因素影響較大,且不同加卸載方式對(duì)灰?guī)r試件首次造成的變形會(huì)直接決定灰?guī)r的最終峰值強(qiáng)度大小和變形特征；(4)對(duì)各組循環(huán)試驗(yàn)聲發(fā)射規(guī)律分析表明,當(dāng)循環(huán)次數(shù)增加到試樣即將破壞的前1至2次時(shí),AE能量累計(jì)量會(huì)出現(xiàn)直線增大現(xiàn)象,聲發(fā)射振鈴計(jì)數(shù)也明顯增多,巖樣破壞瞬間會(huì)有大量的彈性能產(chǎn)生,說(shuō)明所采灰?guī)r脆性較大,巖爆的傾向性相對(duì)較強(qiáng)烈；(5)通過(guò)分析不同試驗(yàn)中灰?guī)r的破壞模式并進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析研究表明,一次加卸載破壞模式形式單一,分級(jí)循環(huán)加卸載和等幅值加卸載破壞模式復(fù)雜多樣,揭示出不同加卸載路徑對(duì)灰?guī)r試件的破壞程度和破壞機(jī)理呈現(xiàn)不同特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation "Research on the mechanism of rock burst in deep roadway induced by excavation and unloading", the upward horizontal stratified filling mining method of Huize lead-zinc mine is taken as the engineering background, and the "pillar" in the stope is taken as the research object. According to the loading and unloading path of rock mass, uniaxial compression and uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests of rock mass under different paths are carried out. The mechanical characteristics and instability mechanism of stope rock mass are studied in the aspects of acoustic emission characteristics and failure mode. Through the systematic study, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) by analyzing the variation of the peak strength of rock samples and the loading and unloading times of each group of rock samples under constant stress lower limit, the variation law of peak strength and loading and unloading times of rock samples in each group is analyzed. The results of polynomial function fitting show that in the cyclic loading and unloading test of constant lower limit, the peak strength of limestone is a quadratic function of cyclic loading and unloading times, and the peak strength increases with the increase of cyclic times. The analysis of stress-strain curves of unloading tests shows that the loading and unloading curves do not coincide with each other, and they form plastic hysteretic loops with various shapes. With the increase of cycle times, the size of hysteresis loop area of each test presents a certain rule, and the phenomenon of continuous backward "migration" is produced. Through the comparative study of mechanical properties of each group of cyclic tests, it is found that the uniaxial cycle is added. The mechanical parameters such as peak strength, modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio are greatly affected by different loading and unloading paths and cycles. And the deformation caused by different loading and unloading modes for the first time will directly determine the final peak strength and deformation characteristics of limestone. When the number of cycles increases to the first one or two times before the specimen is about to be destroyed, the accumulative energy of AE will increase linearly, the number of acoustic emission ringing bells will also increase obviously, and a large amount of elastic energy will be produced at the moment of rock sample failure. It shows that the limestone mined is brittle and the tendency of rock burst is relatively strong. The failure modes of limestone in different tests are analyzed and compared with each other. The results show that the failure mode of single loading and unloading is single. The failure modes of graded cyclic loading and unloading and constant amplitude loading and unloading are complex and diverse, which reveals that different loading and unloading paths have different characteristics on the failure degree and failure mechanism of limestone specimens.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD313

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