本文選題：理論分析 + 相似模擬��； 參考：《太原理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在現(xiàn)有巖石力學和采場圍巖控制理論以及大量前人實驗研究的基礎上,通過理論分析、相似模擬和工程類比等方法,對白溝煤礦三采區(qū)舊采長壁普采人工放頂煤工作面所形成的舊采區(qū)的復采工作面采場圍巖控制做了如下研究:1、對復采工作面通過殘采區(qū)時上覆巖層的垮落帶、裂隙帶和彎曲下沉帶進行了分析。得知覆巖的“縱三帶”高度均有所增加,尤其是垮落帶和裂隙帶的高度增量較為明顯,并且裂隙帶巖層受采動影響后穩(wěn)定性變差,從而導致其工作面礦壓現(xiàn)象發(fā)生變化。2、通過對煤柱應力特征的分析,得出煤柱在復采過程中要經歷三個過程,依次為:(1)復采工作面前方支承壓力和煤柱另一側支承壓力互不影響階段。(2)復采工作面前方支承壓力和煤柱另一側支承壓力相互影響階段。(3)煤柱兩側壓力相互疊加并導致煤柱失穩(wěn)階段。尤其需要注意第三階段,煤柱失穩(wěn)會嚴重的影響工作面的安全生產。3、通過相似模擬實驗并分析巖層的受力情況得出:煤柱區(qū)的峰值壓力表現(xiàn)為煤柱兩側應力集中程度大于煤柱中部應力集中程度。殘采區(qū)內超前支承壓力顯現(xiàn)不明顯,支承壓力受煤柱結構性失穩(wěn)影響較大,尤其是在煤柱發(fā)生完全垮落時,其上覆巖層完全垮塌對采空區(qū)內產生的附加載荷較為明顯。煤柱區(qū)在復采前,其應力集中程度較明顯,并且在復采工作面推進過程中,煤壁前方有明顯的超前支承壓力的存在,但在液壓支架完全推過以后,其采空區(qū)內壓力減小,甚至降低為零,產生這種現(xiàn)象的主要原因是由于煤柱上覆巖層在發(fā)生臺階垮落以后,煤柱兩側形成“倒梯形”結構,該結構體的梁板結構兩側受到較大的支撐作用,從而對下方空區(qū)產生的載荷減小。由相互作用力原理可知,在殘采區(qū)和采空區(qū)對煤柱上方的梁板形成支撐結構的同時,上方的梁板給工作面前方殘采區(qū)以作用力,同時煤柱垮塌導致上覆巖層整體垮塌,從而使得靠近煤柱一側的殘采區(qū)應力較煤柱另一側采空區(qū)應力大。4、基于液壓支架和圍巖相互作用體系現(xiàn)有理論,分別分析了殘采區(qū)和煤柱區(qū)液壓支架所承受的載荷。當位于煤柱區(qū)時,液壓支架在出煤柱時所承受的載荷最大,最大載荷達到液壓支架初撐力的9倍,對復采工作面的安全生產影響較大。
[Abstract]:Based on the existing rock mechanics, stope surrounding rock control theory and a large number of previous experimental studies, this paper adopts theoretical analysis, similarity simulation and engineering analogy, etc. In this paper, the control of the surrounding rock of the old mining face formed by the old longwall common top coal caving face in the third mining area of Baigou coal mine is studied as follows: 1. The collapse zone of the overlying strata when the mining face passes through the remnant mining area is studied as follows. Fracture zone and bending subsidence zone are analyzed. It is known that the height of the "longitudinal third zone" of overburden rock increases, especially the increment of the height of the collapse zone and the fracture zone is obvious, and the stability of the rock layer in the fracture zone becomes worse after being affected by mining. As a result of the change of mine pressure phenomenon in the coal face, through the analysis of the stress characteristics of the coal pillar, it is concluded that the coal pillar has to go through three processes in the process of remining. In turn, the bearing pressure on the front and the other side of the pillar do not affect each other. (2) the support pressure in front of the coal pillar and the other side of the pillar affect each other in order. 3) the pressure on both sides of the pillar is superimposed on the other side of the coal pillar. And lead to instability stage of coal pillar. Particular attention needs to be paid to the third phase, The instability of coal pillar will seriously affect the safety production of coal face. Through similar simulation experiment and analysis of the stress situation of rock strata, it is concluded that the peak pressure of coal pillar area shows that the degree of stress concentration on both sides of coal pillar is greater than that on the middle part of coal pillar. The leading bearing pressure in the residual mining area is not obvious, and the bearing pressure is greatly affected by the structural instability of coal pillar, especially when the coal pillar completely collapses, the additional load generated by the complete collapse of the overlying strata on the goaf is obvious. In the coal pillar area, the stress concentration is obvious before the remining, and in the process of the remining face, there is obvious leading support pressure in front of the coal wall, but after the hydraulic support is pushed completely, the pressure in the goaf decreases. Even reduced to zero, the main reason for this phenomenon is that "inverted trapezoid" structure is formed on both sides of the coal pillar after the collapse of the coal pillar overburden, and the beam-plate structure of the structure is supported greatly on both sides of the structure. As a result, the load generated on the lower empty area is reduced. According to the principle of interaction force, while the residual mining area and goaf form the supporting structure to the beam and slab above the coal pillar, the upper beam and slab force the residual mining area in front of the working face, and the collapse of the coal pillar results in the collapse of the overlying rock layer as a whole. Therefore, the stress of residual mining area near one side of coal pillar is greater than that of goaf on the other side of coal pillar. Based on the existing theory of interaction system between hydraulic support and surrounding rock, the load of hydraulic support in residual mining area and coal pillar area is analyzed respectively. When it is located in the coal pillar area, the maximum load of the hydraulic support is 9 times of the initial supporting force of the hydraulic support, which has a great influence on the safety production of the working face.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD323

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