本文選題：石膏礦山 + 房柱式開采��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國石膏礦山普遍采用房柱式采礦方法進行開采,由于超高超寬開采或設(shè)計不合理,相繼發(fā)生了采空區(qū)頂板崩落、礦柱倒塌、地表巖移等現(xiàn)象,農(nóng)田、村莊、建筑物、交通水利設(shè)施等遭受破壞,個別礦山甚至發(fā)生了人員傷亡等極為嚴重的事件。本文針對蘇北石膏礦大面積采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性問題,綜合運用現(xiàn)場調(diào)研、實驗室測試、理論分析及數(shù)值計算的研究方法,對石膏礦礦柱及頂板穩(wěn)定性、采空區(qū)鏈鎖式失穩(wěn)反應(yīng)機理以及大面積懸露頂板的穩(wěn)定性等進行了系統(tǒng)研究,主要研究成果如下:(1)通過實驗對石膏巖樣進行了研究,采用電子萬能試驗機對巖樣單軸抗壓強度、單軸抗拉強度和抗剪強度進行了測試,并根據(jù)測試結(jié)果進行擬合分析,得到石膏巖體彈性模量、泊松比、粘聚力及內(nèi)摩擦角等參數(shù),為采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性理論分析以及數(shù)值模擬提供基本參數(shù)。(2)在考慮圍巖破壞特征的基礎(chǔ)上,通過建立石膏巖體損傷演化模型,引入形狀參數(shù),得出了石膏巖體改進的損傷本構(gòu)方程;基于突變理論并結(jié)合石膏巖體的損傷本構(gòu)方程推導(dǎo)出礦柱的尖點突變方程,得出礦柱的失穩(wěn)判據(jù)。通過對頂板及礦柱變形和破壞特征分析,結(jié)合薄板理論,建立礦房頂板及礦柱力學模型,揭示石膏礦礦房礦柱破壞規(guī)律。(3)根據(jù)礦柱載荷和礦柱強度的相互關(guān)系,計算出礦柱的安全系數(shù),提出了采空區(qū)鏈鎖式反應(yīng)的動態(tài)計算方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了采空區(qū)大面積懸露頂板的托板力學模型,分析礦柱失穩(wěn)后形成的大面積懸露頂板的應(yīng)力分布特征,根據(jù)頂板穩(wěn)定性判據(jù)確定頂板的穩(wěn)定性。(4)結(jié)合蘇北石膏礦地質(zhì)特征,對采空區(qū)和巷道的地質(zhì)形態(tài)進行分類,運用Flac3D對典型區(qū)域進行模擬;運用鏈鎖式動態(tài)計算方法和托板理論對礦柱和礦柱失穩(wěn)后形成的大面積懸露頂板進行理論計算。計算結(jié)果表明,數(shù)值計算與模擬計算結(jié)果基本一致。
[Abstract]:In the gypsum mine of our country, the roof caving of goaf, the collapse of pillar, the movement of surface rock and so on, farmland, village, building and so on, have occurred because of super wide mining or unreasonable design.Transportation and water conservancy facilities have been damaged, and some mines have even suffered casualties and other extremely serious incidents.Aiming at the stability of large area goaf in the gypsum mine of northern Jiangsu, the stability of pillar and roof of gypsum ore is studied by using the methods of field investigation, laboratory test, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation.The mechanism of chain instability in goaf and the stability of large area hanging roof are studied systematically. The main research results are as follows: 1) the gypsum rock sample is studied through experiments, and the uniaxial compressive strength of rock sample is studied by electronic universal testing machine.The uniaxial tensile strength and shear strength are tested, and the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion force and internal friction angle of gypsum rock are obtained by fitting and analyzing according to the test results.On the basis of considering the failure characteristics of surrounding rock, the damage evolution model of gypsum rock mass is established and the shape parameter is introduced, and the improved damage constitutive equation of gypsum rock mass is obtained.Based on catastrophe theory and damage constitutive equation of gypsum rock mass, the cusp catastrophe equation of pillar is derived, and the instability criterion of pillar is obtained.Based on the analysis of the deformation and failure characteristics of roof and pillar, combined with the theory of thin plate, the mechanical model of roof and pillar is established, which reveals the failure rule of pillar in gypsum mine. (3) according to the relationship between pillar load and pillar strength,The safety factor of pillar is calculated, and the dynamic calculation method of chain reaction in goaf is put forward.On this basis, the mechanical model of large area suspended roof in goaf is established, and the stress distribution characteristics of large area suspended roof formed after pillar instability are analyzed.According to the criterion of roof stability, the roof stability is determined. (4) combined with the geological characteristics of gypsum ore in northern Jiangsu, the geological forms of goaf and roadway are classified, and the typical area is simulated by Flac3D.The dynamic calculation method of chain type and the theory of supporting plate are used to calculate the large area suspended roof formed after the instability of pillar and pillar.The results show that the numerical results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD325.3

【參考文獻】

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1 王洋U，

本文編號：1766846