本文選題：近距離煤層 + 重復(fù)懫動　； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：老母坡煤礦2煤、3煤層間距6~12m,埋深較淺,無瓦斯隱患,為解決工作面接續(xù)緊張、資源采出率低等難題,進行了近距煤層重復(fù)采動條件下得無充填墻體沿空留巷。目前對于單一煤層開采條件下沿空留巷圍巖控制技術(shù)研究較多,但對于近距重復(fù)懫動下無充填沿空留巷圍巖控制理論的研究較少。本文綜合采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬與現(xiàn)場實測等方法,從上覆煤層懫后下伏煤層的礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律以及底板損傷范圍入手,分析了下伏采空區(qū)下留巷頂板結(jié)構(gòu)及其荷載特征,提出了重復(fù)懫動無墻體沿空留巷切頂力學模型,闡明了留巷側(cè)向基本頂?shù)臄嗔哑胶鈾C制,結(jié)合“給定載荷”、“給定變形”、“采空區(qū)矸石側(cè)壓”以及“底板比壓”,設(shè)計了巷旁強力切頂支架作為巷旁支護方式,完善了近距煤層重復(fù)懫動無墻體沿空留巷圍巖控制體系。主要研究成果如下:(1)運用彈塑性理論,結(jié)合上覆煤層頂板垮落特點及其應(yīng)力分布推導得出上覆煤層懫后底板損傷破壞深度,并通過數(shù)值模擬及現(xiàn)場RQD質(zhì)量指標實測進行驗證;通過底板屈服比計算及老母坡礦實際地質(zhì)條件,確定老母坡煤礦下伏巷道頂板存在單層基本頂,為下伏3煤頂板錨索長度的確定提供了初步依據(jù)。(2)以老母坡煤礦地質(zhì)條件為例,通過數(shù)值模擬,揭示近距下伏煤層工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律,為探討近距下伏煤層無墻體沿空留巷圍巖控制提供可靠的理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)針對近距離煤層懫后頂板特征,理論研究了近距離下伏煤層沿空留巷頂板荷載的計算依據(jù),分析了上覆煤層懫后下伏沿空留巷側(cè)向基本頂?shù)钠茢嗍Х�(wěn)特征。(4)通過對國內(nèi)無墻體沿空留巷的成功案例進行歸納總結(jié),分析了無墻體沿空留巷的適用條件;依據(jù)無墻體沿空留巷切頂力學模型,結(jié)合“給定載荷”、“給定變形”、“采空區(qū)矸石側(cè)壓”等分析了巷旁切頂支架載荷的設(shè)計依據(jù);通過數(shù)值模擬計算,分析了巷旁400k N/m、600k N/m、800k N/m以及1000k N/m四種切頂載荷下留巷基本頂?shù)钠茢嘈螒B(tài)及其對沿空留巷圍巖應(yīng)力分布及位移的影響情況;通過模擬分析巷內(nèi)1排、2排及3排單體支護時,留巷頂板及實體煤支承壓力及圍巖變形情況,確定合理的巷內(nèi)輔助單體支撐密度。(5)針對近距下伏煤層頂板受上覆煤層采動損傷影響,沿空留巷頂板破碎易冒頂?shù)劝踩[患問題,采用現(xiàn)場試驗的方法確定了包括掘進期間錨桿的施工預(yù)緊力矩、合理的錨索支護長度以及留巷期間的巷旁強力切頂支架切頂、頂板深淺孔聯(lián)合注漿加固技術(shù)、防漏風隔模和噴涂材料噴涂封閉采空區(qū)等安全保障體系,形成了一套較為完善的近距重復(fù)懫動無墻體沿空留巷技術(shù),在取消巷旁充填墻體的條件下,保證了留巷的成功。老母坡煤礦近距重復(fù)懫動無墻體沿空留巷的成功實施,為重復(fù)采動下的沿空留巷開辟了一條新的路徑,其實踐過程中積累的技術(shù)和現(xiàn)場管理經(jīng)驗具有較高的推廣價值。
[Abstract]:In Laomupo Coal Mine, the distance between 2 and 3 coal seams is 612m, the depth is shallow and there is no gas hidden danger. In order to solve the problems such as the tension of the working face and the low recovery rate of the resources, the roadway along the goaf of the wall without filling is carried out under the condition of repeated mining in the short distance coal seam.At present, there are many researches on the surrounding rock control technology of gob-side roadway under the condition of single coal seam mining, but there is little research on the control theory of surrounding rock without filling along gob-side roadway under short-distance repeated movement.In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement are used to analyze the roof structure and load characteristics of underground roadway in underside goaf, starting with the law of rock pressure behavior and the damage range of floor in overlying coal seam.In this paper, a mechanical model of cutting roof along goaf retaining roadway with repeated wall is put forward, and the fracture equilibrium mechanism of lateral basic roof of retaining roadway is expounded. Combined with "given load", "given deformation", "side pressure of gangue in goaf" and "specific pressure of bottom plate",The strong roof cutting support beside the roadway is designed as the roadside support, and the control system of the surrounding rock along the gob retaining roadway is improved.The main research results are as follows: (1) based on the elastoplastic theory, combined with the characteristics of roof caving and its stress distribution, the damage and failure depth of overlying coal seam is obtained, which is verified by numerical simulation and field RQD quality measurement.Based on the calculation of floor yield ratio and the actual geological conditions of Laomupo Coal Mine, it is determined that there is a single layer basic roof in Laomupo Coal Mine, which provides a preliminary basis for the determination of the length of anchor cable for the roof of No. 3 coal mine.) the geological conditions of Laomupo coal mine are taken as an example.Through numerical simulation, the paper reveals the regularity of rock pressure in coal face, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the control of wall rock of roadway left along goaf without wall wall in short distance coal seam, and aims at the characteristics of roof in short distance coal seam.In this paper, the calculation basis of roof load along goaf roadway in short distance coal seam is studied theoretically.Based on the analysis of the failure and instability characteristics of the lateral basic roof of the overlying coal seam, the author summarizes the successful cases of the roadway left along the gob without wall in China, and analyzes the applicable conditions of the roadway left along the gob without wall.According to the mechanical model of roof cutting along goaf retaining roadway without wall, combined with "given load", "given deformation" and "side pressure of gangue in goaf", the design basis of roof cutting support load by roadway side is analyzed.In this paper, the fracture morphology of the basic roof and its influence on the stress distribution and displacement of the surrounding rock along the goaf are analyzed under four cutting loads of 400K N / m 600k N / m and 1000K N / m beside the roadway, and the single support of 1 row, 2 row and 3 rows in the roadway is analyzed by simulation.The supporting pressure of roof and solid coal and the deformation of surrounding rock are determined, and the reasonable supporting density of auxiliary monomer in roadway is determined. Aiming at the safety hidden trouble, such as roof breakage and roof falling along goaf, the roof of coal seam in short distance is affected by mining damage of overlying coal seam, and the roof of roadway along goaf is broken and easy to fall.The method of field test is used to determine the construction pretightening moment of anchor rod during excavation, the reasonable length of anchor cable support, the roof cutting technology of strong roof cutting support and the combined grouting reinforcement technology of roof deep and shallow hole during roadway stay.The safety guarantee system, such as air leakage proof mould and sprayed material spraying closed goaf, has formed a set of relatively perfect technology of keeping roadway along the goaf without wall moving in short distance, and the success of retaining roadway can be ensured under the condition of canceling the wall filling beside the roadway.In Laomupo Coal Mine, the successful implementation of the short distance and repeated movement without wall along the gob-side roadway opens a new path for the gob-side roadway under repeated mining, and the accumulated technology and field management experience in the process of practice are of high popularizing value.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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