本文選題：沖擊地壓 + U型鋼支護(hù)　； 參考：《遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：沖擊地壓是煤礦開采中遇到的重大災(zāi)害之一,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)沖擊地壓發(fā)生在巷道中。U型鋼支架被廣泛應(yīng)用于各大煤礦巷道支護(hù)中,U型鋼支護(hù)問題一直是專家學(xué)者們研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。然而,針對沖擊地壓巷道中U型鋼支護(hù)的受力特征和變形破壞研究較少。本文擬用理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,通過理論分析對U型鋼支架進(jìn)行力學(xué)計(jì)算；通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬對支架承載力特性和支架變形破壞情況進(jìn)行研究。首先本文歸納了沖擊地壓巷道U型鋼支護(hù)變形破壞類型,分為支架搭接段變形破壞、支架非搭接段變形破壞和綜合性破壞；簡要分析了支架變形破壞原因,關(guān)鍵在支架與圍巖作用關(guān)系和支架搭接段卡纜。簡化了沖擊地壓巷道圓形U型鋼支架力學(xué)計(jì)算模型,推導(dǎo)出U型鋼支架滑動(dòng)判別式,從卡纜預(yù)緊、搭接段滑動(dòng)后和外載荷下三方面計(jì)算了U型鋼支架內(nèi)力,三者疊加得出了U型鋼支架總內(nèi)力。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬,研究了U型鋼支架的受力特征和變形破壞情況。支架搭接段研究結(jié)果表明：U型鋼在滑動(dòng)過程中,支架搭接段軸向承載力不平穩(wěn),發(fā)生間歇性驟降；卡纜螺桿與U型鋼之間會發(fā)生突然錯(cuò)動(dòng),搭接段的收縮性能不穩(wěn)定,螺母扭力越大,發(fā)生錯(cuò)動(dòng)越頻繁；模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),U型鋼在滑動(dòng)過程中,卡纜螺桿發(fā)生偏斜,形成附加彎矩,造成螺桿局部應(yīng)力集中,超過極限強(qiáng)度發(fā)生斷裂,導(dǎo)致搭接段卡纜失效。U型鋼支架研究結(jié)果表明：U型鋼支架模型在沖擊載荷作用下,支架搭接段滑移現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,支架模型收縮較大,在搭接段附近出現(xiàn)斷裂破壞；模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),U型鋼支架在局部受載時(shí),U型鋼翼板易向兩側(cè)張開,發(fā)生屈服破壞,卡纜螺栓受拉變形出現(xiàn)薄弱點(diǎn)；U型鋼翼板加固后,U型鋼支架由半圓形向矩形發(fā)展,支架頂部U型鋼由拱形變形發(fā)展到一字型
[Abstract]:Rock burst is one of the major disasters in coal mining.Most of the impact ground pressure occurred in the roadway. U-shaped steel support is widely used in every coal mine roadway support. It has been a hot and difficult point for experts and scholars to study.However, there are few researches on the mechanical characteristics and deformation and failure of U-shaped steel support in impact ground pressure roadway.In this paper, the method of theoretical analysis, laboratory experiment and numerical simulation is used to calculate the mechanics of U-shaped steel support.The bearing capacity and deformation failure of the support were studied by laboratory test and numerical simulation.In this paper, the types of deformation and failure of U-shaped steel support in impact ground pressure roadway are summarized, which are divided into three types: the deformation failure of support lap section, the deformation failure of support non-lap section and comprehensive failure, and the analysis of the causes of deformation and failure of support.The key lies in the relationship between the support and surrounding rock and the cable clamp in the lap section of the support.The mechanical calculation model of circular U-shaped steel support in impact ground pressure roadway is simplified, and the sliding discriminant of U-shaped steel support is derived. The internal forces of U-shaped steel support are calculated from three aspects: pre-tightening of cable, sliding of lap section and external load.The total internal force of U-shaped steel support is obtained by the three superposition.The mechanical characteristics and deformation and failure of U-shaped steel support were studied by laboratory test and numerical simulation.The results show that the axial bearing capacity of the support lap section is not stable, and the intermittent sudden drop occurs during the sliding process, and the slip between cable screw and U-section steel will occur suddenly, and the contraction performance of the lap section will be unstable.The greater the torque of the nut, the more frequent the dislocation occurs, and the simulation shows that during the sliding process of the U-shaped steel, the cable screw deflects and forms additional bending moment, which results in the local stress concentration of the screw, and the fracture of the screw in excess of the ultimate strength.The results show that under the impact load, the slip phenomenon of the overlay segment of the frame is serious, the shrinkage of the support model is larger, and the fracture failure occurs near the lap section.It is found by simulation that the U-shaped steel flange is easily opened to both sides under local load, resulting in yield failure, and the tension deformation of cable bolt is weak, and the U-shaped steel support develops from semicircle to rectangular after strengthening with U-shaped steel flange.The U-shaped steel at the top of the support develops from arched deformation to one glyph
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD324

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