本文選題：古城礦山 + 地質(zhì)環(huán)境��； 參考：《河北工程大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是煤炭大國,煤炭資源的開發(fā)既促進了我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,同時也為地質(zhì)環(huán)境帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。早期由于環(huán)境保護意識的欠缺以及煤炭市場管理上的混亂,在煤炭資源的開采中存在著大量無序開采行為,地質(zhì)環(huán)境因此而遭受到嚴重的破壞,同時也給人民的財產(chǎn)安全和生命安全帶來了極大的威脅,這些都嚴重制約了國家的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。為了實現(xiàn)煤炭資源開發(fā)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,新世紀以來,地質(zhì)環(huán)境評估工作越來越受到重視。古城井田動工于2007年,擬建生產(chǎn)能力為10Mt/a的特大礦井,本文以古城礦為例進行了礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境效應(yīng)評價。結(jié)合古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境的控制和影響因素以及主要礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題的類型和表現(xiàn)形式、危害性等建立了古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評價指標體系,整個評價體系包括要素層和指標層兩個層次。要素層,即地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、含水層、地形地貌、土地資源。每一個要素又包含若干指標,地質(zhì)災(zāi)害包括:地面塌陷,崩塌,滑坡,泥石流;含水層包括:含水層結(jié)構(gòu),涌水量,地下水;地形地貌包括:積水,坡度,植被破壞;土地資源包括:農(nóng)、林、草地,荒地或未開發(fā)利用土地。采用層次分析法(AHP)對各個指標進行了權(quán)重的計算,然后以模糊綜合評判的方法,對古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境進行了評價,評價認為古城礦山開采活動對地質(zhì)環(huán)境的影響嚴重。然后又對其未來開采過程中對地質(zhì)環(huán)境所造成的影響進行了預(yù)測。在礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評價的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)存在的礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題,從地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、含水層、地形地貌、土地資源四個方面提出礦山環(huán)境保護與治理措施建議,為實現(xiàn)礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供了科學的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:China is a big coal country. The exploitation of coal resources not only promotes the rapid development of our economy, but also brings challenges to the geological environment.Due to the lack of environmental protection consciousness and the confusion in the management of coal market, there were a lot of disorderly mining behaviors in the exploitation of coal resources, and the geological environment suffered serious damage as a result.At the same time, it also brings great threat to people's property safety and life safety, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of our country.In order to realize the coordinated development of coal resources exploitation and geological environment protection, more and more attention has been paid to geological environment assessment since the new century.The Gucheng mine field started construction in 2007, and it is planned to build a large mine with 10Mt/a production capacity. This paper takes Gucheng mine as an example to evaluate the geological environment effect of the mine.Combined with the control and influence factors of mine geological environment in ancient city as well as the types and forms of main mine geological environment problems, the evaluation index system of mine geological environment in ancient city was established.The whole evaluation system includes two levels: element level and index layer.Element layer, namely geological disaster, aquifer, landform, land resource.Each element also contains a number of indicators, geological hazards include: ground collapse, collapse, landslide, debris flow; aquifer including: aquifer structure, water discharge, groundwater; topography including: water, slope, vegetation destruction;Land resources include: agriculture, forest, grassland, wasteland or undeveloped land.The weight of each index is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and then the geological environment of the ancient city mine is evaluated by the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It is concluded that the mining activity of the ancient city mine has a serious influence on the geological environment.Then, the influence of mining on geological environment in the future is predicted.On the basis of mine geological environment evaluation, according to the existing mine geological environment problems, the paper puts forward some suggestions for mine environment protection and treatment from four aspects: geological hazard, aquifer, topography and geomorphology, and land resources.It provides a scientific basis for the coordinated development of mineral resources exploitation and geological environment protection.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD167;X82

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