本文選題：溝谷地貌　切入點：淺埋煤層　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：西部礦區(qū)煤層賦存特點:地表凹凸不平、起伏較大,煤層埋深較淺;有工作面在回采過程中,通過某段區(qū)域時礦壓顯現(xiàn)異常、劇烈,且形成動壓,導致采區(qū)巷道圍巖變形且難以控制,但繼續(xù)回采一段距離后礦壓又逐漸恢復正常。本文針對出現(xiàn)的這一特殊礦壓問題,通過收集相關文獻資料、現(xiàn)場調研初步判斷導致礦壓異常的原因為地表凹凸起伏的溝谷地貌所致。論文通過實驗室試驗掌握工作面煤(巖)各項物理力學性質參數(shù),而后根據工作面上覆巖層及地表溝谷地貌的特點,建立數(shù)值計算模型與相似物理模型,數(shù)值模擬計算與相似模型試驗研究結果表明巷道在掘進過程中通過非坡段、下坡段和上坡段三個階段巷道整體壓力顯現(xiàn)較緩和,沒有明顯差異;但回采過程中通過三個階段的礦壓顯現(xiàn)明顯不同,主要表現(xiàn)在:(1)下坡段回采上覆巖層主要表現(xiàn)為向溝底的滑移,上坡段主要表現(xiàn)為向溝底的翻轉,形成斷裂多邊塊體;(2)各階段超前支撐壓力影響距離不同,下坡段非坡段上坡段;(3)各階段超前壓力峰值距工作面距離不同,下坡段非坡段上坡段;(4)超前支撐壓力集中系數(shù)不同,上坡段非坡段下坡段;(5)上坡段巷道較其他階段超前壓力顯現(xiàn)劇烈,變形破壞嚴重。研究成果表明:上坡段巷道受采動影響大,屬于重點支護區(qū)域,較其它階段需要增加一定的支護強度。根據研究成果,有針對性的制定了溝谷地貌下淺埋煤層巷道的支護方案,工業(yè)性試驗中,通過現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測巷道圍巖變形及錨桿(索)受力工況,與之前類似巷道支護效果比較,現(xiàn)巷道支護效果明顯改善,圍巖變形破壞得到有效控制,僅僅在上坡回采接近坡頂位置時進行一次局部返修。研究成果為現(xiàn)場有效支護提供了科學依據,對類似條件下煤層開采巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:The characteristics of coal seam occurrence in the western mining area are: uneven surface, large undulation, shallow coal seam depth, abnormal ground pressure in the mining process of a certain section of the coal face, and the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, the formation of dynamic pressure, and the formation of dynamic pressure. The surrounding rock deformation of roadway in mining area is difficult to control, but the rock pressure is gradually returning to normal after a certain distance of mining. It is preliminarily judged by field investigation that the cause of abnormal rock pressure is caused by the valley geomorphology with ups and downs on the surface. The physical and mechanical parameters of coal (rock) in the working face are grasped by laboratory tests in this paper. Then according to the characteristics of the overlying strata and the surface gully geomorphology, the numerical calculation model and the similar physical model are established. The results of numerical simulation and similar model test show that the roadway passes through the non-slope section during the tunneling process. The overall pressure of roadway in the three stages of downslope and upslope is relatively relaxed, but there is no obvious difference, but in the process of mining, the rock pressure through the three stages is obviously different. The overlying strata in the downhill section mainly show slip to the bottom of the gully, and the upslope section shows the inversion to the bottom of the gully, forming the multilateral block of fault, the influence distance of the leading support pressure is different in each stage. The distance from the peak value of the leading pressure to the working face is different in each stage, and the concentration coefficient of the leading support pressure is different in the upper slope section of the non-slope section of the downslope section. The roadway in the upper slope section is more intense than the other stage, and the deformation and damage is serious. The research results show that the roadway in the upper slope section is greatly affected by the mining movement and belongs to the key supporting area. According to the research results, the supporting scheme of shallow coal seam roadway under gully and valley geomorphology has been established, in the industrial test, Through on-site monitoring of surrounding rock deformation and anchor (cable) stress condition of roadway, compared with similar roadway support effect before, the present roadway support effect is obviously improved, and surrounding rock deformation and damage is effectively controlled. The research results provide a scientific basis for effective support on the spot and have a certain reference value for the stability control of surrounding rock in coal seam mining roadway under similar conditions.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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本文編號：1635174