本文選題：南水北調(diào)　切入點：采空區(qū)　出處：《華北水利水電大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：采空區(qū)的穩(wěn)定性問題是南水北調(diào)中線一期工程總干渠禹州段的重大工程技術問題之一。影響采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定的因素十分復雜,渠道施工、運行及運行期內(nèi)渠道的滲漏會導致采空區(qū)的進一步變形,進而威脅渠道的安全運行。本文首先介紹了國內(nèi)外采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性研究現(xiàn)狀及殘余沉降預測已有成果,總結(jié)了采空區(qū)覆巖移動的基本形式,在詳細介紹郭村煤礦采空區(qū)形成歷史和處理措施的基礎上,運用定性法、解析法、監(jiān)測法和數(shù)值法對南水北調(diào)郭村礦采空區(qū)段的穩(wěn)定性、殘余變形和滲漏工況下的穩(wěn)定性展開以下研究工作:(1)結(jié)合各行業(yè)對采空區(qū)的研究成果,歸納影響南水北調(diào)下伏采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的主要因素有采礦和頂板管理方法、上覆巖體的力學特性、煤層賦存條件和開采時間;郭村煤礦采空區(qū)處于殘余變形期,基本處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),但由于采煤方法和頂板管理方法的落后及渠道施工運行的影響,潛在殘余變形較大。(2)基于概率積分法沉陷理論,推導出采空區(qū)在自重下殘余變形極限值計算公式,計算郭村煤礦采空區(qū)豎直殘余變形極限值為331mm,水平殘余變形極限值為82.8mm。以郭村煤礦采空區(qū)剖面4為基礎,應用FLAC3D軟件建立數(shù)值模型,模擬采空區(qū)無注漿處理工況下渠道施工與運行過程來研究其變形規(guī)律。結(jié)果顯示,水平位移最大值位于采空區(qū)兩端上方地表,其值較小;豎直位移最大值為9.32cm,地表豎直位移隨采空區(qū)埋深增大而減小,隨離渠道水平距離增大而減小;渠道運行對地表變形影響有限。(3)分析渠道施工期間地表沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)果顯示:施工前,采空區(qū)殘余變形小,基本穩(wěn)定;注漿和開挖施工導致采空區(qū)殘余變形較施工前增大,但注漿明顯有減緩變形的作用,工程場區(qū)地表變形值總量較小,整體較穩(wěn)定。(4)應用FLAC3D建立郭村煤礦采空區(qū)段三維模型,通過對地層Q3和Q2在不同含水率下力學參數(shù)的弱化來模擬渠道運行期無滲漏、一般滲漏和嚴重滲漏三種工況,結(jié)果顯示,采空區(qū)注漿區(qū)地表沉降值比無處理區(qū)小1-2cm,注漿可明顯減小殘余變形;豎向位移主要分布于地層Q3和Q2中,其最大值、影響范圍和深度均隨著滲漏程度增大而增大,初期引起的地表沉降增量比后期增量大,豎向位移最大為5.46cm,而圍巖和采空區(qū)中基本無豎向變形;在渠底,差異沉降明顯,嚴重滲漏工況下差異沉降最大值為4.2cm,傾斜為2-3mm/m,可導致渠底混凝土板拉裂破壞;水平位移最大值為1.24cm,影響相對較小。
[Abstract]:The stability of goaf is one of the major technical problems in Yuzhou section of the main trunk canal of the first stage of South-to-North Water transfer Project. The factors affecting the stability of the goaf are very complicated, and the canal construction, The leakage of the canal during operation and operation will lead to further deformation of goaf and threaten the safe operation of the channel. This paper first introduces the present situation of research on the stability of goaf and the existing achievements in prediction of residual settlement at home and abroad. The paper summarizes the basic forms of overlying rock movement in goaf, and on the basis of introducing in detail the formation history and treatment measures of goaf in Guocun Coal Mine, applies qualitative method, analytical method, monitoring method and numerical method to the stability of goaf section of Guocun Mine of South-to-North Water transfer. Under the condition of residual deformation and leakage, the following research work is carried out: 1) combined with the research results of various industries on the goaf, the main factors affecting the stability of the goaf under the South-to-North Water diversion Project are the mining and roof management methods. The mechanical characteristics of overlying rock mass, coal seam occurrence condition and mining time, the goaf of Guocun coal mine is in the period of residual deformation and is basically in a stable state, but due to the backwardness of coal mining method and roof management method and the influence of canal construction operation, Based on the theory of probability integration, the formula for calculating the limit value of residual deformation in goaf under self-weight is derived. The vertical residual deformation limit value of goaf in Guocun coal mine is 331mm and the horizontal residual deformation limit value is 82.8mm. based on section 4 of goaf of Guocun coal mine, a numerical model is established by using FLAC3D software. Under the condition of no grouting treatment in goaf, the process of canal construction and operation is simulated to study its deformation law. The results show that the maximum horizontal displacement is located on the surface above the two ends of goaf, and its value is small. The maximum vertical displacement is 9.32 cm, the surface vertical displacement decreases with the increase of the buried depth of goaf and decreases with the increase of horizontal distance from the canal, and the influence of channel operation on surface deformation is limited. The results show that the residual deformation of goaf is small and stable before construction, the residual deformation of goaf caused by grouting and excavation is larger than that before construction, but grouting can obviously slow down the deformation, and the total amount of surface deformation in engineering site is small. Using FLAC3D to establish 3D model of goaf section in Guocun Coal Mine. By weakening the mechanical parameters of formation Q3 and Q2 under different water content, three working conditions of no leakage, general leakage and serious leakage are simulated. The results show that, The surface subsidence value in goaf grouting area is 1 ~ 2 cm smaller than that in no treatment area, grouting can obviously reduce residual deformation, vertical displacement mainly distributes in stratum Q _ 3 and Q _ 2, and its maximum value, influence range and depth increase with the increase of leakage degree. The increment of surface subsidence caused by the initial stage is larger than that of the later period, and the maximum vertical displacement is 5.46 cm, but there is no vertical deformation in the surrounding rock and goaf, and the differential settlement is obvious in the bottom of the canal. The maximum value of differential settlement is 4.2 cm and the inclination is 2 ~ 3 mm / m, which can lead to tensile failure of concrete slabs at the bottom of the canal, and the maximum value of horizontal displacement is 1.24 cm, the influence is relatively small.
【學位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD325.3

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本文編號：1608627